向日葵状葫芦脲的合成与超分子自组装

葫芦脲(CB[n],n为最小重复单元数)是一类由苷脲与甲醛经缩合环化而形成的大环分子,因具有良好的分子识别性能及配位性能,在分离、催化、医药、互锁分子及超分子体系构建等领域有着广泛的应用。本课题组在苷脲分子中间的桥上增加一个碳原子,得到苷脲类似物丙基二脲(TD),TD进一步与甲醛缩合环化得到一系列向日葵状葫芦脲类似物(TD[n])。与传统苷脲相比,TD容易在碳原子上衍生化,衍生物对成环反应的影响较小,容易获得TD[n]。相比CB[n]的n最小值为5,TD[n]的n最小值减小到4,TD[4]是目前为止文献报道的葫芦脲家族的最小成员。此外,这些TD[n]有的对金属离子具有很好的选择配位能力,有的对质子化有机胺具有强的外结合性能,它们分别构建了一系列一维、二维或刺激响应型超分子聚合物。研究结果为TD[n]在超分子化学等领域的进一步应用打下坚实的基础。     

葫芦脲与主链聚紫精的超分子自组装制备准聚轮烷及其性质研究

通过葫芦[6]脲(CB[6])与五亚甲基聚紫精(PPeV)在水溶液中于室温下进行超分子组装,得到一种新型的准聚轮烷(PPeVCB),通过¹HNMR、元素分析、IR和X射线粉末衍射(XRD)对其结构进行了表征,证实CB[6]位于PPeV的脂肪链上,并通过非共价键与PPeV结合,且CB[6]与PPeV重复单元的结合摩尔比为1∶1;通过热重分析(TGA)、紫外-可见吸收(UV-Vis)和化学还原等方法对其性质进行了研究,证实了准聚轮烷3比相应的聚合物热稳定性更高、UV-Vis吸收和氧化能力更强.     

由葫芦脲和苯胺构筑的假聚轮烷及其自由基稳定性的研究

用大环分子受体与聚合物,特别是导电型聚合物构筑而成的纳米超分子组装体在功能上所表现出来的独特性质吸引了越来越多的研究者的关注．早期研究所用的大环分子受体主要集中于冠醚和环糊精．近年来,新一代大环分子受体——葫芦脲逐渐成为研究热点．南开大学元素有机化学国家重点实验室刘育研究组首次报道了由葫芦脲和苯胺聚合物组成的超分子组装体,     

葫芦脲的研究进展

葫芦脲(CB[n])及其衍生物是由n个苷脲单元连接成的穴状分子,因其结构特殊,受到广泛的关注与研究。本文综述了CB[n]的性质、合成以及近年来CB[n]在分子开关、催化剂、药物载体等方面的研究进展。     

含有葫芦[6]脲的新型准轮烷的合成

通过葫芦[6]脲(CB[6])与两个质子化的1,4-丁二胺在水溶液中于室温下进行超分子自组装, 得到一种新型的准轮烷. 通过¹H NMR, 质谱和¹H ROESY NMR对其结构进行了表征, 证实CB[6]位于质子化1,4-丁二胺的脂肪链上, 通过非共价键与1,4-丁二胺结合, 并且主体(CB[6])与客体的结合的物质的量之比为2∶1.     

葫芦脲的分解氧化研究

葫芦脲是高度对称的刚性分子,在试图改进Kim等氧化制取羟基葫芦脲的过程中发现,葫芦[6]脲(CB[6])在多种过硫酸盐(过硫酸钾、过硫酸钠、过硫酸胺)的氧化下,除了可以获得羟基葫芦脲外,还可以得到进一步分解产物草酸.研究表明,CB[n](n=5,7,8)及其羟基葫芦脲也存在类似的现象.这是国内外首次发现葫芦脲在进行腰位C—H键羟基化的同时,还可以进一步氧化形成草酸.     

葫芦脲超分子(准)聚轮烷的研究进展

综述了一类新型超分子葫芦脲(准)聚轮烷的最新研究进展,包括一维、二维、三维金属(准)聚轮烷,主链、侧链有机(准)聚轮烷和树状大分子(准)聚轮烷的最新研究情况,并对超分子(准)聚轮烷的前景进行了展望。     

葫芦脲在色谱固定相中的研究进展

葫芦脲是超分子化学中继冠醚、环糊精、杯芳烃之后发展起来的又一类新型高度对称的桶状大环主体分子,是一种由多个甘脲单元组成的大环穴状配体,被誉为"第四代超分子化合物"。由于其具有特殊的分离选择性和稳定性,在超分子化学和色谱的交叉领域备受关注。本文从葫芦脲的结构特征出发,侧重概述了葫芦脲同系物及其衍生物在色谱固定相中的研究现状和进展。     

葫芦脲：分子识别与组装

综述了葫芦脲这一类合成受体的最新研究进展，包括葫芦脲的分子设计与合成 ，离子和分子识别，键合的热力学性质，分子组装及其功能的最新研究概况。     

葫芦[n]脲超分子水凝胶的研究进展

超分子化学的发展一直是众多研究者所关注的一大热点,葫芦[n]脲作为第四代大环主体分子,拓宽了超分子化学领域的发展.水凝胶是一种具有可拉伸性、生物相容性、环境响应性等多种优异性能的软材料.人们充分利用葫芦[n]脲优异的分子识别能力和配位能力,研究出了一系列具有特殊功能的超分子水凝胶材料.本文在结合葫芦[n]脲特点的基础上...     

瓜环的超分子化学研究进展

总结了瓜环化学在分子组装、分子器件、生物化学、药物化学等方面的最新进展.同时,也展现了我们在瓜环化学方面进行的初步的研究.     

葫环联脲新进展

葫环联脲这类新型主体分子正受到化学家们的广泛关注,并逐渐成为超分子化学研究领域中的一个热点.本文综述了近两-来葫环联脲同系物、衍生物的合成及其在分子识别、分子催化、分子组装等方面的研究进展,并对该领域的研究前景作一展望.     

Preparation of Novel Side-chain Pseudopolyrotaxanes Consisting of Cucurbituril[6] and Polyamine Salts

Pseudorotaxane monomer （VBCB） containing cucurbitutil[6] （CB[6]） and N^1-（4-vinylbenzyl）-1,4-diaminobutane dihydrochloride （VBDADC） is obtained by self-assembly of cucurbituril[6] with VBDADC in water and then polymerized using potassium persulfate （KPS） as initiator to give novel water-soluble side-chain cucurbituril[6]-based pseudopolyrotaxane（PVBCB）. The chemical structures of PVBCB, VBCB and VBDADC are confirmed by ^1H NMR,^13C NMR spectra and elemental analysis. In VBCB, CB[6] is localized aliphatic group of the side chain and the molar ratio of CB[6] to VBDAC is 1：1 .     

分子机器的研究进展

结合分子机器的基本概念、合成方法、驱动方式以及研究的意义, 综述了近几年分子机器的研究进展, 探讨了下一步研究的发展方向.     

Oligomeric Cucurbituril Complexes: from Peculiar Assemblies to Emerging Applications

Proteins are an endless source of inspiration. By carefully tuning the amino-acid sequence of proteins, nature made them evolve from primary to quaternary structures, a property specific to protein oligomers and often crucial to accomplish their function. On the other hand, the synthetic macrocycles cucurbiturils (CBs) have shown outstanding recognition properties in water, and a growing number of (host)_n:(guest)_n supramolecular polymers involving CBs have been reported. However, the burgeoning field of discrete (n:n) host:guest oligomers has just started to attract attention. While 2:2 complexes are the major oligomers, 3:3 and up to 6:6 oligomers have been described, some associated with emerging applications, specific to the (n:n) arrangements. Design rules to target (n:n) host:guest oligomers are proposed toward new advanced host:guest systems.     

季铵化聚4-乙烯吡啶衍生物与葫芦脲[6]的超分子自组装及性质研究

通过葫芦[6]脲(CB[6])与季铵化聚4-乙烯吡啶衍生物2在水溶液中于室温下进行超分子组装, 得到一种新型的超分子聚合物3, 并通过¹H NMR, IR, 元素分析, X射线粉末衍射分析(XRD)对其结构进行了表征, 证实CB[6]位于2的侧基脂肪链上, 通过非共价键与2结合; 通过热重分析(TGA)、紫外-可见吸收(UV-vis)对其性质进行了研究, 证实了超分子聚合物3比相应的聚合物2有更高的热稳定性, 以及更强的UV-vis吸收.     

Blurring the Lines between Host and Guest: A Chimeric Receptor Derived from Cucurbituril and Triptycene

We report the synthesis and X‐ray crystal structure of a cucurbituril–triptycene chimeric receptor ( 1 ). Host 1 binds to guests typical of CB[6]–CB[8], but also binds to larger guests such as blue box ( 20 ) and the Fujita square ( 22 ). Intriguingly, the geometries of the 1 ? 20 and 1 ? 22 complexes blur the lines between host and guest in that both components fulfill both roles within each complex. The fluorescence output of 1 is fully quenched by the formation of complexes with pyridinium‐derived guests.     

环糊精相关的超分子自组装最新进展

对基于环糊精的超分子自组装的最新研究进展作了综述.详细介绍了环糊精为轮、高分子为轴的聚轮烷的制备及其修饰的方法,同时还介绍了无高分子参与的环糊精的超分子自组装高分子化合物的制备.并且对这些超分子在智能材料、生物医药和聚合催化等方面的应用进行了介绍.     

Understanding Photophysical Effects of Cucurbituril Encapsulation: A Model Study with Acridine Orange in the Gas Phase

Encapsulation of dyes by cucurbituril macrocycles has proven profitable as a strategy to alter fluorescence characteristics in useful ways. Encapsulation generally results in longer fluorescence lifetimes, enhanced brightness, and solvatochromic effects not normally seen in the condensed phase. These effects have been attributed variously to both the removal of interactions with solvent molecules and to the confined environment of extremely low polarizability provided by the cucurbituril interior. It is difficult to disentangle these effects in solution. Here, we present results from gas‐phase experiments designed to separate these effects, using cucurbit[7]uril (CB7), and the cationic dye acridine orange (AOH⁺) as a probe. Fluorescence properties of gaseous AOH⁺ are compared with those of the gaseous AOH⁺‐CB7 complex and with the properties of the dye and complex in aqueous solution. The dependence on the local environment of several spectroscopic properties is discussed, including the fluorescence excitation and emission maxima, the size of the Stokes shift, fluorescence lifetime and relative brightness. An understanding of the modulation of fluorescence properties by the local environment, such as that promoted by this work, will aid in the rational design of improved fluorophores and fluorescent sensors.     

Self-assembly of a [2]Pseudorotaxane Composed of Cucurbit[6]uril into Linear Pseudopolyrotaxanes by N–H···O, C–H···O and π···π Interactions

The [2]pseudorotaxane of cucurbit[6]uril (Q6) with 1,6-bis(imidazol-1-yl)hexane dihydrobromide was synthesized and its crystal structure was described. The structure of [2]pseudorotaxane was mainly stablized by host–guest C–H···O interactions. Self-assembly of the [2]pseudorotaxane produces infinite one-dimensional chains with intermolecular N–H···O, C–H···O, and π···π interactions; thus, a linear non-covalent pseudopolyrotaxane is formed.