氮-14远程核四极共振谱仪

为了满足检测与探头有一定距离的含氮化合物的核四极共振信号,本文研制了一台结构简单,造价低廉的核四极共振操测仪.它利用了脉冲付里叶变换技术,可将获得的核自由感应衰减信号或者回波信号进行相干累加.整个系统分硬件和软件两大部分.前者由射频脉冲放大器(约500W脉冲输出功率),探头,接收机,MCS-96型单片机和PC机构成.后者由单片机上的脉冲序列程序与PC机上的数值信号处理程序组成.利用这台谱仪,可以在几十秒时间内得到距离探头线圈10cm内的典型¹⁴ N样品的核四极共振谱.     

核四极共振（NQR）

简述核能级的电四极超精细分裂及核四极共振基本原理，并就与核四极共振应用密切有关的，四极核所在处电场梯度（ＥＦＧ）张量的来源进行讨论。     

14N核四极共振的偏共振效应

用虚拟１／２自旋算符讨论了核四极共振（ＮＱＲ）中自旋Ｉ＝１的自旋系统对激发脉冲宽度和频率偏置的响应。用单脉冲和双脉冲来观测的核四极共振信号与理论预期相符合。此外还证明，若只考虑射频场在分子电场梯度（ＥＰＧ）张量主轴坐标系（ＰＡＳ）中的一个轴上的分量（即有效射频场分量）的作用，就可用ＮＭＲ矢量模型来处理Ｉ＝１的核自旋系统。 关键词：     

￣（14）N核四极共振自旋系统自旋－晶格弛豫时间的测量

￣１４Ｎ核四极共振自旋系统的自旋－晶格弛豫是一种双指数弛豫。本文介绍了￣１４Ｎ核四极共振自旋系统的自旋－晶格弛豫时间的３种测量方法，利用可变多面体方法对实验数据进行拟合，获得了￣１４Ｎ核四极共振自旋系统的自旋－晶格弛豫时间Ｔ＿１ｓ和Ｔ＿１１，对有关文献中关于核四极共振弛豫时间的测量的３个观点提出了质疑。     

14N核四极共振自旋系统自旋-晶格弛豫时间的测量

¹⁴N核四极共振自旋系统的自旋-晶格弛豫是一种双指数弛豫。本文介绍了¹⁴N核四极共振自旋系统的自旋-晶格弛豫时间的3种测量方法,利用可变多面体方法对实验数据进行拟合,获得了¹⁴N核四极共振自旋系统的自旋-晶格弛豫时间T_1s和T₁₁,对有关文献中关于核四极共振弛豫时间的测量的3个观点提出了质疑。     

基于核四极矩共振原理的炸药探测方法研究与实验

介绍了一种基于核四极矩共振（Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, NQR）原理的炸药探测方法及其基本原理和其用于炸药探测的依据,提出了一种可行的基于核四极矩共振原理的炸药检测系统,描述了其结构组成、工作原理及实验方法,并给出了对黑索金（RDX）、梯恩梯（TNT）、奥克托今（HMX）、太恩（PETN）和特屈儿（TETRYL）炸药的测试实验结果. 实验表明该方法可行,能实现对以上炸药的探测.     

芳香族硝基化合物的核四极共振参数的HARTREE-FOCK计算

运用RHF近似方法,在不同高斯基组下用Gaussian98程序计算数种芳香族硝基化合物的核四极耦合常数和不对称参数. 其中,RHF/3-21G下的计算结果最合理,乘以校正系数后,核四极耦合常数计算值与实验值的相关性达到0.91.     

核四极共振隐藏炸药探测信息库设计

利用核四极共振(Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance, 简称NQR)技术探测炸药时,实验复杂,参数繁多. 原子核参数、脉冲参数、环境参数等各参数对炸药共振频率及探测信噪比都有不同程度的影响. 针对长期以来国内外一直没有统一的炸药信息库,测试数据无法有效记录和管理的现象,在全面分析各参数与共振频率之间关系的基础上,设计并实现了隐藏炸药探测信息库. 该信息库能有效的收集和记录炸药参数信息,为今后炸药测试数据的统计分析提供统一规范的数据支持.      

基于软件无线电技术的核四极矩共振谱仪设计

介绍了软件无线电技术的基本原理， 分析了全数字化核四极矩共振谱仪的设计要求，讨论了设计时在软件、硬件方面的一些考虑，给出了基于软件无线电技术的全数字化核四极矩共振谱仪设计一个实例.     

旋转样品核四极共振的量子绝热微扰论分析

结合验证Berry几何相因子的Tycko旋转样品核四极共振实验,针对简并情况进一步发展并完善了作者之一最近提出的量子绝热微扰理论.应用这个理论,详细分析了任意自旋情况下具有核四极矩的旋转样品在射频场中的共振吸收,指出了可能的新的实验现象. 关键词：     

14N NMR作为一种氮含量定量分析的方法及其在检测几种腐殖酸样品中硝酸根离子含量上的应用

本文介绍了氮 1 4核磁共振技术作为一种氮含量定量分析的方法 ,并应用该技术检测了几种腐殖酸样品中硝酸根离子的含量 .结果表明 ,液体氮 1 4核磁共振技术具有较高的灵敏度 ,其定量检测下限可达毫摩尔级 (mmol/L) ,而且操作方便 ,对样品不具损伤性 ,还可以对同一样品中几种小分子氮化物同时进行定量检测 ,是一种较好的氮含量分析方法     

14N NMR作为一种氮含量定量分析的方法及其在检测几种腐殖酸样品中硝酸根离子含量上的应用

本文介绍了氮-14核磁共振技术作为一种氮含量定量分析的方法,并应用该技术检测了几种腐殖酸样品中硝酸根离子的含量.结果表明,液体氮-14核磁共振技术具有较高的灵敏度,其定量检测下限可达毫摩尔级(mmol/L),而且操作方便,对样品不具损伤性,还可以对同一样品中几种小分子氮化物同时进行定量检测,是一种较好的氮含量分析方法。     

DTA and NQR studies of polymorphism in p-chlorofluorobenzene

Differential thermal analysis, and the ³⁵Cl Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance frequency (ν_Q) and spin-lattice relaxation time (T₁) were measured as a function of temperature in p-chlorofluorobenzene. Three different phases were found according to the thermal history of the sample and only one was stable up to the melting point. In one of the phases, the presence of molecular reorientations can be inferred from T₁ data with activation energy of 3.7 kcal/mol. A value of 13.9 kJ/mol for the fusion heat of this compound has been obtained.     

Nitrogen-14 nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR): dramatic sensitivity enhancement by large and fast temperature lowering

We have observed that, when going rapidly from ambient temperature down to liquid nitrogen temperature, the nitrogen-14 NQR signal (for transitions involving the m=0 spin state, nitrogen-14 being a quadrupolar nucleus of spin I=1) is increased by a factor of ca. 10(2). While Boltzmann statistics cannot explain this enhancement, the strong temperature dependence of the quadrupolar interaction is very likely to be at the origin of this phenomenon. Indeed, the quadrupolar Hamiltonian becomes time dependent and is prone to induce transitions toward the spin state associated with m=0. Its binding and slow relaxing properties result in a durable increased population and consequently in an increased intensity of NQR lines originating from the state m=0.     

14N pulsed nuclear quadrupole resonance. 3. Effect of a pulse train. Optimal conditions for data averaging

The calculations developed in this paper aim at determining the optimal conditions of a NQR experiment when a transition is monitored by means of a pulse train with pulses of identical duration and signal acquisition after each pulse; coherences are assumed to vanish by effective transverse relaxation prior to every new pulse. These calculations demonstrate that, as in NMR, a steady state is effectively reached for any value of the recycle time. However, by contrast with NMR, it is shown that, for optimal data averaging under steady state conditions, the recycle time T can be kept as low as possible (the only limitation is the acquisition time). Nutation curves (signal amplitude versus pulse length) calculated in the steady state case are shown to depend strongly on the ratio T/T ₁ (T ₁: longitudinal relaxation time). The signal growth as a function of T/T ₁under averaging of the first transients has been evaluated as well as the number of pulses necessary for reaching a steady state.     

14N遥测核四极共振中的偏离共振效应

本文对遥测NQR谱中的偏离共振效应作了较详细地研究,发现¹⁴N谱线的强度随偏离共振效应而变化。当偏离共振强度与射频场强度接近时,测得的谱线强度最大。该效应可用来增强¹⁴N遥测NQR谱仪的灵敏度。上述实验现象在理论上采用脉冲的激发带宽方法作了解释和讨论。     

The transient processes in multi-pulse nitrogen-14 NQR

It has been demonstrated that transient processes, observed in a single crystal of NaNO₂ acted upon by pulse sequences MW-2 and MW-4 and their modifications with 180° flip angle of the pulses (Solid State Nucl. Magn. Resonance 10 (1997) 63; Sov. Phys.—JETP 88(5) (1999) 1580), which manifest themselves in the oscillating form of the NQR signals envelope, can be explained in the frames of a two-particle model. It has been proved that the nature of echo signals in the effective field of multi-pulse sequences received by the inversion of the phase of the sequence pulses or by introducing an additional 180° pulse is connected with re-focusing of accumulated digressions of the flip angle from the ideal 180° pulse. Experimental results of observing single and multiple echoes in a number of powdered nitrogenated substances in the effective field of various sequences at room temperature have been presented.     

FX-100核磁共振谱仪上的MLEV-16宽带去偶实验

本文叙述了在FX-100核磁共振谱仪上进行的MLEV-16宽带去偶实验。实验表明:其去偶范围大大增加,效率明显提高,对常规质子去偶的¹³C谱实验所需要的去偶场B₂比谱仪原有的噪声去偶系统的去偶场B₂降低约一个数量级。并且,用谱仪原有的去偶功率实现了¹³C{¹⁹F}氟宽带去偶的¹³C谱的观测,去偶范围达14KHz,可以满足大部分氟化物的¹³C核磁共振研究的要求。