3-巯基丙酸修饰的CdSe/ZnS量子点的合成及测定牛血清白蛋白的研究

以3-巯基丙酸作为修饰剂,在水溶液中合成了稳定的CdSe/ZnS量子点(QDs),透射电镜观察所合成量子点的形貌近似球形,粒径约为25 nm.吸收光谱与荧光光谱的研究表明,CdSe QDs在410 nm处有最大吸收峰,而CdSe/ZnS QDs的最大吸收峰在470 nm处,CdSe/ZnS QDs的荧光强度是CdSe QDs的11倍.考察了缓冲溶液的体积、pH值、反应温度、反应时间对体系荧光的影响.在最佳实验条件下,体系的荧光强度与BSA的浓度呈线性关系,线性响应范围为0.746×10-7～4.48×10-7 mol/L,检出限为3.846×10-10 mol/L.并且CdSe/ZnS QDs荧光强度基本保持稳定,可达两个多月.该方法应用于合成样品的测定,结果满意.     

核壳结构ZnS∶Mn/ZnS量子点转光剂的制备及其性能研究

本文以巯基丙酸为稳定剂,采用共沉淀法合成ZnS∶Mn量子点,然后使用核外延法制备了具有将紫外光转红光性能的核壳结构ZnS∶Mn/ZnS量子点转光剂,并使用红外(IR)光谱,透射电镜(TEM)对其官能团结构和形貌进行了表征,采用紫外-可见吸收光谱和荧光光谱对其光学性能进行了研究。另外,考察了Mn的掺杂量,放置时间和不同pH的缓冲溶液对ZnS∶Mn/ZnS量子点荧光的影响。     

ZnS与PEG/ZnS量子点对PCR反应特异性的增效作用

采用共沉淀法制备水溶性ZnS和PEG/ZnS量子点,借助傅里叶红外光谱仪、荧光光谱仪、XRD及透射电镜等进行量子点表征.在确定PCR反应的最适退火温度后,将ZnS量子点与PEG/ZnS量子点按照不同浓度、不同体积分别加入PCR反应体系中,探究其对PCR反应特异性的增效作用.结果表明,ZnS量子点(体积为1.5μL、浓度...     

微波辐射法制备水溶性CdTe/ZnS量子点及其与司帕沙星的作用

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,通过微波加热在水溶液中制备了CdTe/znS量子点.研究了pH值、反应时间、反应温度和cdTe/s<'2->浓度比等合成条件对cdTe量子点荧光光谱的影响.以CdTe/ZnS量子点为探针,探讨了喹诺酮类抗生素司帕沙星与量子点的荧光猝灭作用,结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,其线性范围为0.05～3.00μg/mL,线性相关系数为0.9954,检出限为0.01μg/mL,可将CdTe/ZnS量子点荧光探针用于司帕沙星的测定.     

基于电沉积技术制备ZnS量子点/海藻酸盐复合膜及其检测应用

基于电沉积技术发展了一种原位制备ZnS量子点及其海藻酸盐复合膜的方法,此方法具备可控性好、步骤简单、条件温和、绿色环保等优点.实验结果表明,电沉积后可以在电极上形成ZnS量子点/海藻酸锌复合膜,该复合膜表面光滑无气泡,在302 nm紫外光下呈现清晰的蓝色荧光.透射电镜测试和光谱分析结果表明复合膜中存在ZnS量子点,其平均粒径为3.0 nm.利用电沉积技术的可控性和空间选择性以及ZnS量子点的荧光性能,可以制备出具备不同形状和荧光图案的复合膜.此外,利用电沉积技术制备的ZnS量子点/海藻酸锌复合膜同时具备荧光检测和电化学检测的能力,在双模式检测以及构建双模式检测器方面具备应用前景.     

持续注射法合成InPZnS/ZnS核壳结构量子点的研究

高质量、大尺寸的磷化铟量子点（InP quantum dots）的制备对其在生物荧光标记等领域的应用有重大的意义.提出一种持续注射法合成InPZnS/ZnS核壳结构量子点.首先将磷化锌和硫酸反应生成的磷化氢持续注入高温铟前体溶液中,并在反应开始加入适量的锌和硫前体,可制得合金结构的InPZnS核,其量子产率达9%.该方法无需加锌回流处理,可直接升温包覆ZnS壳层,成功制备出发光波长至680 nm且量子产率接近50%的InPZnS/ZnS核壳结构量子点.同时系统地研究了反应物配比对量子点粒径的影响规律,结果表明：通过调控反应物配比可合成不同粒径的InP量子点,其光谱范围几乎可覆盖整个可见光区,甚至到近红外区.通过吸收光谱、荧光光谱、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和X射线能谱仪考察了所制备量子点的光学特性和形貌结构.最后,采用其它磷前体探究了此方法的通用性,通过注射泵将三（二乙氨基）膦持续注入到高温铟前体溶液中,同样制备出较大尺寸的InP量子点,其发光波长至710 nm.     

ZnS:Mn/ZnS量子点在DNA定量分析中的应用

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,采用成核掺杂的方法在水溶液中一步制备得到具有核壳结构的ZnS:Mn/ZnS量子点.研究了荧光、室温磷光产生的机理.基于DNA对量子点发光的增强效应,以ZnS:Mn/ZnS量子点作为标记探针建立了测定DNA的荧光、室温磷光的分析方法.考察了量子点浓度、EDC/NHS用量和反应时间等条件对DNA测定的影...     

低温合成广谱发光CuInS_2/ZnS量子点

以二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锌(ZDC)为ZnS的前驱体材料、三辛基膦(TOP)为主要配体,在温度不高于200℃的条件下合成了广谱发光的核壳结构CuInS2/ZnS(CIS/ZnS)量子点.研究了ZDC用量、壳层包裹温度和配体对CIS/ZnS光学特性及荧光量子产率的影响.结果表明,使用ZDC可在相对较低的温度下实现ZnS的包裹过程,并且随着包裹温度的提高,ZnS的包裹速度明显加快.吸收光谱、荧光光谱及X射线衍射分析结果表明,使用TOP为配体合成的CIS/ZnS量子点的明显吸收峰为其激发吸收峰.使用荧光分光光度计、高分辨透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对使用不同配体进行壳层包裹得到的样品进行了表征.结果表明,在ZnS的包裹过程中,配体TOP和十二硫醇作为有机层包覆在颗粒表面也会影响量子点的光学性能和晶体生长速度.使用TOP能够加速ZnS的包裹速度,形成的颗粒尺寸均一,其荧光波长可蓝移至550nm.     

基于CdSeTe/ZnS量子点荧光探针测定痕量As~(3+)

水相合成高荧光量子产率的谷胱甘肽(GSH)包覆CdSeTe/ZnS量子点,并通过紫外光谱(UV)、荧光光谱(PL)、透射电镜(TEM)和电子衍射(XRD)等手段对其光学特性和结构进行表征。基于CdSeTe/ZnS量子点表面GSH对As~(3+)的特异性结合而导致量子点荧光猝灭作用,构建了基于CdSeTe/ZnS量子点作为荧光探针检测痕量As~(3+)的新方法。探究了As~(3+)对CdSeTe/ZnS量子点荧光猝灭的机理,As~(3+)在5.0~100.0μg/L浓度范围内,CdSeTe/ZnS量子点的荧光强度F_0/F与As~(3+)浓度之间呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9984,检测限为1.0μg/L。该量子点荧光分析方法可用于实际水样中As~(3+)的检测。     

CuInS_2/ZnS量子点的微波水热合成与表征——推荐一个研究型综合实验

介绍一个研究型综合实验——简易微波水热合成CuInS_2/ZnS复合量子点及其表征。实验通过Cu~(2+)、In~(3+)、Zn~(2+)和S~(2-)离子为原料,以谷胱甘肽作为稳定剂,两步微波水热合成水溶性的CuInS_2/ZnS复合量子点。用X射线衍射法和透射电镜表征它的结构和形貌,用紫外-可见光吸收、荧光光谱、荧光寿命和荧光照片等表征光学性质,并探究温度、时间、成份对荧光性质的影响。通过该实验的设计与实施培养学生科学研究的方法和思维能力。     

CdTe/CdSe核壳量子点的合成及其在指纹显现中的应用

以CdCl2和Te粉为原料,在水相中合成了CdTe量子点核;通过外延生长在CdTe量子点核上包覆一层CdSe量子点,得到具有良好荧光性能的CdTe/CdSe核壳量子点;采用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、高分辨透射电镜分析了不同反应条件下合成的CdTe/CdSe核壳量子点的晶体结构和微观结构,并对其进行了荧光光谱等测试和指纹显现分析.结果表明,合成的CdTe和CdTe/CdSe量子点粒径在3～5nm之间,粒径分布窄,水分散性良好;可以通过控制反应时间和Te/Se比等得到在500～700nm显示荧光发射峰的CdTe/CdSe核壳量子点.此外,核壳CdTe/CdSe量子点可以有效地和指纹物质结合,可应用于对铝合金油潜指纹的鉴别.     

Solvothermal synthesis of InP quantum dots and their enhanced luminescent efficiency by post-synthetic treatments

InP quantum dots (QDs) were solvothermally synthesized by using a greener phosphorus source of P(N(CH(3))(2))(3) instead of highly toxic P(TMS)(3) widely used, and subsequently subjected to a size-sorting processing. While as-grown QDs showed an undetectably low emission intensity, post-synthetic treatments such as photo-etching, photo-radiation, and photo-assisted ZnS shell coating gave rise to a substantial increase in emission efficiency due to the effective removal and passivation of surface states. The emission efficiency of the photo-etched QDs was further enhanced by a consecutive UV photo-radiation, attributable to the photo-oxidation at QD surface. Furthermore, a relatively thick ZnS shell on the surface of InP QDs that were surface-modified with hydrophilic ligands beforehand was photochemically generated in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The resulting InP/ZnS core/shell QDs, emitting from blue to red wavelengths, were more efficient than the above photo-treated InP QDs, and their luminescent properties (emission bandwidth and quantum yield) were comparable to those of InP QDs synthesized with P(TMS)(3). Structural, size, and compositional analyses on InP/ZnS QDs were also conducted to elucidate their core/shell structure.     

基于元素磷源的InP量子点的制备

以白磷作为磷源、醋酸铟为铟源、硬脂酸为表面包覆剂、十八烯为溶剂,采用胶体化学法合成了InP量子点。X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)分析测试显示InP量子点属于立方闪锌矿结构,并且是直径约为5 nm的球状纳米晶。紫外可见光谱和荧光光谱分析表明,InP量子点表现出明显的激子吸收和带边发射特征,荧光发射光谱在415~517 nm范围内连续可调,呈现明显的量子尺寸效应。     

ZnS∶Co半导体量子点的制备及其光电化学性质

采用低温水热技术,分别以柠檬酸(CA)和巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂,在70℃的水相中合成了单分散的,粒子尺寸约为4 nm的ZnS∶Co半导体量子点.研究了稳定剂、Co2+掺杂剂及其掺杂量对掺杂量子点发光性能和结构的影响.XRD结果表明,Co2+离子主要掺杂在量子点表面,对主体ZnS晶格没有影响.当采用MPA为稳定剂,掺杂量为5%(摩尔分数)时,掺杂量子点的荧光发射强度最高;而同样掺杂量下采用CA为稳定剂时,量子点的荧光发射强度有所下降.循环伏安研究显示,与空白ZnS量子点相比,Co2+离子的掺杂在ZnS的禁带中形成杂质能级,相应地,ZnS∶Co量子点的吸收边发生红移.与未掺杂ZnS量子点相比,掺杂量子点具有较少的表面非辐射复合中心,因而荧光发射强度显著提高.     

硫脲修饰ZnSe:Cu量子点的水相合成及荧光特性

以3-巯基丙酸为稳定剂在水相中合成了Cu掺杂的ZnSe量子点(QDs), 并利用硫脲(CH₄N₂S)对其进行表面修饰, 制备出核壳结构的ZnSe:Cu/ZnS 量子点. 制得的量子点呈闪锌矿结构, 尺寸约为5 nm, 有较好的分散性, 其荧光发射峰在460 nm左右. 经CH₄N₂S修饰后, 量子点表面形成了宽禁带的ZnS包覆层, 将电子和空穴限域在了ZnSe:Cu 核内, 减少了表面发生非辐射复合的载流子, 显著提高了量子点的荧光强度. 与Na₂S、硫代乙酰胺(TAA)等常用硫源相比, 以CH₄N₂S为硫源制得的ZnSe:Cu/ZnS 量子点壳层厚度可控, 表面钝化效果更好, 显示出更佳的荧光效率和稳定性. ZnSe:Cu/ZnS 量子点经过紫外线照射后消除了表面的悬空键, 进一步提高了其量子产率, 最终获到了具有较好荧光性质的ZnSe:Cu/ZnS量子点.     

Synthesis and characterizations of ultra-small ZnS and Zn(1-x)Fe(x)S quantum dots in aqueous media and spectroscopic study of their interactions with bovine serum albumin

This work reports a new experimental methodology for the synthesis of ultra small zinc sulfide and iron doped zinc sulfide quantum dots in aqueous media. The nanoparticles were obtained using a simple procedure based on the precipitation of ZnS in aqueous solution in the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol as a capping agent, at room temperature. The effect of Fe(3+) ion concentration as dopant on the optical properties of ZnS was studied. The size of quantum dots was determined to be about 1nm, using scanning tunneling microscopy. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis absorption and photoluminescence emission spectroscopies. The presence and amount of iron impurity in the structure of Zn((1-x))Fe(x)S nanocrystals were confirmed by atomic absorption spectrometry. A blue shift in band-gap of ZnS was observed upon increasing incorporation of Fe(3+) ion in the iron doped zinc sulfide quantum dots. The photoluminescence investigations showed that, in the case of iron doped ZnS nanoparticles, the emission band of pure ZnS nanoparticles at 427nm shifts to 442nm with appearance of a new sharp emission band around 532nm. The X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that the iron doped nanoparticles are crystalline, with cubic zinc blend structure, having particle diameters of 1.7±022nm. Finally, the interaction of the synthesized nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin was investigated at pH 7.2. The UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods were applied to compare the optical properties of pure and iron doped ZnS quantum dots upon interaction with BSA. It was proved that, in both cases, the fluorescence quenching of BSA by the quantum dots is mainly a result of the formation of QDs-BSA complex in solution. In the steady-state fluorescence studies, the interaction parameters including binding constants (K(a)), number of binding sites (n), quenching constants ( [Formula: see text] ), and bimolecular quenching rate constants (k(q)) were determined at three different temperatures and the results were then used to evaluate the corresponding thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔS and ΔG.     

dl‐Aspartic Acid‐Mediated Hydrothermal Synthesis of β‐ZnS Microspheres and Their Optical Properties

ZnS hollow microspheres were synthesized by a dl ‐aspartic acid mediated hydrothermal route. dl ‐aspartic acid plays an important role as crystal growth soft template, which regulates the release of Zn²⁺ ions for the formation of ZnS hollow spheres. The formation of these hollow spheres was mainly attributed to an Ostwald ripening process. The products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), electron diffraction (ED), UV/Vis spectroscopy (UV), and photoluminescence (PL). The shells of the microspheres were composed of ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with the average size of 2.31 nm. The average microspheres diameter is 0.5–3.5 μm. The shell thickness of the hollow sphere is ≈?300 nm. The optical bandgap energy increased significantly compared to the bulk ZnS material due to the strong quantum confinement effect. Two strong emissions at ≈?425 nm and ≈?472 nm in the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of ZnS hollow microspheres indicate strong quantum confinement because of the presence of QDs.     

核壳结构AgInS2@ZnS量子点的合成及荧光性能

合成了一种新型核壳结构的AgInS₂@ZnS量子点并研究了其荧光性能. AgInS₂@ZnS的合成包括以变性牛血清白蛋白(dBSA)为稳定剂水相法构建AgInS₂核以及形成ZnS壳两部分. 考察了配方和工艺条件对该量子点荧光性能的影响, 并采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等手段对制备的纳米粒子进行了表征. 结果表明, AgInS₂@ZnS是一种核壳结构的纳米物质, 其粒径介于5~7 nm之间, 荧光量子产率达35.3%.     

Preparation and characterization of thiacalix[4]arene coated water-soluble CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a fluorescent probe for Cu2+ ions

Highly fluorescent water-soluble CdSe/ZnS (core/shell) quantum dots (QDs) as a fluorescent Cu2+ ion probe were synthesized using thiacalix[4]arene carboxylic acid (TCC) as a surface coating agent. Hydrophobic trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) capped CdSe/ZnS QDs were overcoated with TCC in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature, and deprotonation of the carboxyl groups of TCC resulted in the formation of water-soluble QDs. The surface structure of the QDs was characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). TEM images showed that TCC-coated QDs were monodispersed with the particle size (core-shell moiety) of approximately 5 nm. Hydrodynamic diameter of the TCC-coated QDs was determined to be 8.9 nm by FCS, showing that the thickness of the surface organic layer of the QDs was approximately 2 nm. These results indicate that the surface layer of TCC-coated QDs forms a bilayer structure consisting of TOPO and TCC molecules. TCC-coated CdSe/ZnS QDs were highly fluorescent (quantum yield, 0.21) compared to the QDs surface-modified with mercaptoacetic acid and mercaptoundecanoic acid. Fluorescence of the TCC-coated QDs was effectively quenched by Cu2+ ions even in the presence of other transition metal ions such as Cd2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Fe2+, and Fe3+ ions in the same solution. The Stern-Volmer plot for the fluorescence quenching by Cu2+ ions showed a linear relationship up to 30 microM of Cu2+ ions. The ion selectivity of TCC-coated QDs was determined by measurements of fluorescence responses towards biologically important transition metal ions (50 microM) including Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+>Zn2+, Cd2+. The fluorescence of TCC-coated QDs was almost insensitive to other biologically important ions such as Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+, suggesting that TCC-coated QDs can be used as a fluorescent Cu2+ ion probe for biological samples. A possible quenching mechanism by Cu2+ ions was also discussed on the basis of a Langmuir-type adsorption isotherm.