电感耦合等离子体质谱测定地质样品中多种元素

用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定了地质样品中多种元素。考察了测量过程中的基体效应及质谱干扰,利用In内标,补偿由于基体效应的影响所引起的测量偏差,建立校正公式校正质谱干扰。方法的检出限为0.06~250ng/L,精密度为1.7%~3.2%,加标回收率为91%~108%,方法适于批量地质样品分析。     

化妆品中甲氧基补骨脂素同分异构体的液相色谱法分离和测定

建立了用高效液相色谱(HPLC)-二极管阵列检测器(DAD)测定化妆品中两种呋喃香豆素同分异构体-8-甲氧基补骨脂素(8-MOP)和5-甲氧基补骨脂素(5-MOP)的简便方法。样品用甲醇超声提取,高速冷冻离心,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,注入高效液相色谱,用DAD进行扫描检测,并在301 nm波长进行分析。用保留时间结合紫外光谱图定性,外标法定量,并且采用液质联用(LC/MS/MS)确证。测试结果对8-MOP的回收率为87.0%~105.0%,RSD为0.41%~5.3%,检出限为5.0 mg/kg;5-MOP的回收率为88.0%~105.0%,RSD为0.33%~4.1%,检出限为5.0 mg/kg。本文用DAD同时分离和检测了化妆品中的8-MOP和5-MOP,方法可用于化妆品安全性监控。     

湿法消解-原子荧光光谱法测定化妆品中的铅

采用硝酸-高氯酸处理样品,以氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定了化妆品中的铅。在最佳条件下,铅的线性范围为0~200μg/L,方法检出限为0.0846μg/L,样品加标回收率为95.08%~102.6%,相对标准偏差为0.759%~1.528%(n=7)。     

液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法测定土壤中痕量二苯羟乙酸-3-喹咛环酯

建立了土壤中痕量二苯羟乙酸-3-喹咛环酯(BZ)的液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱检测方法。BZ含量在10~400 ng/m L范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9992,仪器定量限为5 ng/m L;在ESS-1标准土壤中的方法检出限为6.5 ng/g,在花园土中的方法检出限为6.5 ng/g;在沙土中的方法检出限为7.4 ng/g。对上述3种土壤中的BZ进行不同水平的加标回收率实验,得到方法的回收率为71%~97%,相对标准偏差(n=3)为1.3%~10%。方法已用于实际样品的检测。通过对BZ电喷雾二级质谱主要裂解途径的研究,明确了特征碎片离子的结构。     

超高效液相色谱法测定西瓜中的喹啉铜残留量

建立了西瓜样品中喹啉铜农药残留的超高效液相色谱分析方法。样品用4%冰醋酸超声振荡提取,提取液经阳离子交换固相萃取小柱净化后,用1%醋酸铵-甲醇洗脱,洗脱液经氮气吹干后用流动相定容。试样采用Vneusil MP C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)进行分离,流动相为0.1%三氟乙酸-乙腈(95∶5)。结果表明,喹啉铜在0.05~10μg/mL浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数不低于0.999 9。在0.05~2.0 mg/kg加标浓度范围内的平均回收率为72.3%~84.1%,相对标准偏差为2.1%~3.8%,方法的检出限为0.024 mg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法测定水基胶中甲醛

本文建立了超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱法(UPLC-TOF MS)测定水基胶中甲醛含量的分析方法。水基胶用去离子水进行振荡提取,经2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生后,衍生物直接用UPLC-TOF MS法检测。结果表明,检测甲醛的线性范围在0.0746~8.93mg/L之间,线性相关系数r2=0.9990,检出限为0.5mg/kg,平均加标回收率范围为94.43%~105.27%。样品重复8次测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于10%。该方法灵敏度高、重复性好、定量准确,满足水基胶中甲醛的检测要求。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定饲料中10种脂溶性工业染料

建立了以超高效液相色谱串联四极杆质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)检测鸡和鱼类饲料中10种脂溶性染料的方法。样品经过甲醇振荡提取通过固相萃取小柱去除基质干扰。在waters BEH C_(18)柱子上,乙腈和0.2%(V:V)甲酸,10 mmol/L甲酸铵的水为流动相,利用梯度洗脱将各目标化合物分离,采用质谱多反应监测(MRM)模式进行定量检测。染料在两种饲料中检出限(LOD)为1~5μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为2~10μg/kg,在鱼饲料中,回收率为80.3%~113.2%,相对标准偏差为1.4%~11%,在鸡饲料中回收率为79.6%~115.4%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~15%。     

分散液液微萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱快速分析食用油中的酚类抗氧化剂

基于分散液液微萃取技术和气相色谱-串联质谱,建立了一种快速分析食用油中酚类抗氧化剂的新方法。对影响萃取效果的重要因素,如萃取剂种类及体积、分散剂种类及体积和萃取时间等进行了详细优化。优化条件为：500μL甲醇-乙腈(1：1, V/V)快速注射进3.0 mL 正己烷与1.0 g食用油的混合物中,并振荡萃取10 s 。在优化条件下,方法的线性范围为10~2000 ng/g,检出限为1.5~2.4 ng/g,相对标准偏差为4.0%~8.3%。将本方法应用于4种不同食用油样品的分析,其中3种有酚类抗氧化剂检出,样品加标回收率为81.9%~118%,结果满意。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤中的重金属元素

采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了国家标准土壤样品中的部分重金属元素(Cd,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Ni,Mo)的含量,其测定值与推荐值相符,准确度符合国家标准要求。各元素方法的检出限满足要求,相对标准偏差(RSD)介于0.91%~4.3%,加标回收率介于94%~106%。方法简便快速,结果准确,可以运用于大批量地质样品中的部分重金属元素含量的同时测定。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定冰晶石中的铁

建立了火焰原子吸收光谱法测定冰晶石中铁的分析方法。样品用高氯酸溶解后,在0.48mol/L的盐酸介质中用空气-乙炔火焰测定了样品中的铁,测定结果与有色金属行业标准方法(邻二氮杂菲光度法)的分析结果一致。检出限为0.004 11mg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.95%~4.5%,加标回收率为98.00%~101.49%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.