A class of universal approximators of real continuous functions revisited

We revisit the theorem stating that it is possible to approximate with any accuracy any real continuous function with a class of relational maps. In other words, relational maps are universal approximators. We review the key works that have proved this property, highlighting their limitations and providing yet another proof that it is not restricted by certain assumptions considered in early proofs. We also show how one can go inversely to approximate these systems with a series of polynomials. This provides us with analytical expressions of these maps which can facilitate a series of important analysis tasks such as modeling and numerical analysis of ill-defined-uncertain complex systems.

     

A distortion theorem for the class of typically real functions

The paper continues the studies of the well-known class T of typically real functions f(z) in the disk U = {z:|z| < 1}. The region of values of the system {f(z ₀), f(z ₀), f(r ₁), f(r ₂),…, f(r _n )} in the class T is investigated. Here, z ₀ ∈ U, Im z ₀ ≠ 0, 0 < r _j  < 1 for j = 1,…, n, n ≥ 2. As a corollary, the region of values of f′(z ₀) in the class of functions f ∈ T with fixed values f(z ₀) and f(r _j ) (j = 1,…, n) is determined. The proof is based on the criterion of solvability of the power problem of moments. Bibliography: 10 titles. Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 357, 2008, pp. 33–45.     

The optimal form of selection principles for functions of a real variable

Let T be a nonempty set of real numbers, X a metric space with metric d and X^T the set of all functions from T into X. If fX^T and n is a positive integer, we set , where the supremum is taken over all numbers a₁,…,a_n,b₁,…,b_n from T such that a₁b₁a₂b₂a_nb_n. The sequence is called the modulus of variation of f in the sense of Chanturiya. We prove the following pointwise selection principle: If a sequence of functions is such that the closure in X of the set is compact for each tT and

(∗)

then there exists a subsequence of , which converges in X pointwise on T to a function fX^T satisfying lim_n→∞ν(n,f)/n=0. We show that condition (*) is optimal (the best possible) and that all known pointwise selection theorems follow from this result (including Helly's theorem). Also, we establish several variants of the above theorem for the almost everywhere convergence and weak pointwise convergence when X is a reflexive separable Banach space.     

A globally convergent algorithm for determining approximate real zeros of a class of functions

BIT Numerical Mathematics - It is shown that Newton's method can be used to define a globally convergent algorithm for approximating real zeros of a certain class of functions. Included in this...     

Moduli of smoothness of vector valued functions of a real variable and applications

Moduli of smoothness of Banach space valued functions of a real argument are defined and studied. The classical Whitney's theorem on the error of polynomial approximation [7] is extended to this case. Estimates for quadrature formulae and numerical treatment of abstract differential equations are presented.

Applications to the numerical analysis of set-valued maps, differential inclusions and interval functions are made.     

Conditional computability of real functions with respect to a class of operators

For any class of operators which transform unary total functions in the set of natural numbers into functions of the same kind, we define what it means for a real function to be uniformly computable or conditionally computable with respect to this class. These two computability notions are natural generalizations of certain notions introduced in a previous paper co-authored by Andreas Weiermann and in another previous paper by the same authors, respectively. Under certain weak assumptions about the class in question, we show that conditional computability is preserved by substitution, that all conditionally computable real functions are locally uniformly computable, and that the ones with compact domains are uniformly computable. The introduced notions have some similarity with the uniform computability and its non-uniform extension considered by Katrin Tent and Martin Ziegler, however, there are also essential differences between the conditional computability and the non-uniform computability in question.     

Bonds for a functional on a class of functions with positive real parts

We establish sharp upper and lower bounds for the functionalJ (p)- Re{p (z)-zp'(z)/p(z), 1. where ¦z¦=r is fixed, 0 <r <1, p(z).P_n (A, B), –1 B < a 1, a certain class of regular functions in the disk with values in the right halfplane.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 42, No. 5, pp. 686–689, May, 1990.     

On a region of values in the class of typically real functions

The paper studies the regions of values of the systems {f(z₁), f(r₁), f(r₂),…, f(r_n)} and {f(r₁), f(r₂),…, f (r_n)}, where n ⁥ 2; z₁ is an arbitrary fixed point of the disk U = {z: |z| < 1} with Im z₁ ≠ 0; r_j are fixed numbers, 0 < r_j < 1, j = 1, 2,…, n; f ∈ T, and the class T consists of the functions f(z), f(0) = 0, f′(0) = 1, regular in the disk U and satisfying the condition Im f(z) · Imz > 0 for Im z ≠ 0. As an implication, the region of values of f(z₁) in the subclass of functions f ∈ T with prescribed values f(r_j) (j = 1, 2,…, n) is determined. Bibliography: 12 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 350, 2007, pp. 5–16.     

The Hilbert transform and Hermite functions: A real variable proof of the -isometry

A proof of the fact that the Hilbert transform can be extended as an isometry to L² is obtained by real variable methods using the Hermite functions.     

On the Baire classification of discontinuity points of real functions of one variable

В РАБОтЕ НАИДЕНы НЕОБ хОДИМыЕ И ДОстАтОЧНы Е УслОВИь НА МНОжЕстВА тОЧЕк R, ЧтОБ ы ОНИ ьВльлИсь сООтВЕтстВ УУЩИМИ МНОжЕстВАМИ т ОЧЕк РАжРыВА ДЕИстВИтЕльНОИ НАR Ф УНкцИИf(x). РЕжУльтАт пЕРЕНОсИт сь НА сЕпАРАБЕльНыЕ п ОлНыЕ МЕтРИЧЕскИЕ пРОстРА НтВА БЕж ИжОлИРОВАНН ых тОЧЕк.     

A generalization of a class of close-to-convex functions

We consider a class of functions, including the Bazilevich functions, which are regular in the unit disk. The theorems of Levandovskii identifying the class of close-to-convex functions with the class of linearly accessible functions are generalized, and the geometric structure of this class is established. A method constructing a subordinating homotopy chain is used.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 509–516, May, 1972.     

Absolute values and real parts for functions in the smirnov class

Let N₊ denote the Smirnov class on the open unit disc D. It is easy to see that for any outer function g in N₊, there exists a function G in N₊ such that |g|; ≤ ReG on δ. We describe such a G. In general, G may not be outer. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition on g is given for the existence of an outer function G such that |;g|; < ReG. When g belongs to the Hardy space H¹, G is trivially given as the Herglotz integral of |;g|;.