刚架结构频域子结构法的实验研究

以空间刚架为模型,对Jetmundsen频域子结构综合法进行了探索性实验,并研究了子结构的界面自由度完整性对最后综合结果的影响。实验中,频响函数矩阵中与线自由度响应和集中力输入相关的项通过加速度计与力传感器直接测量,而与转角自由度响应或纯力矩输入相关的项通过一种结合转角自由度间接测试和模态分析技术的方法获取。实验结果显示,实验子结构综合法能够有效地预报结构的动力学性能,而转角自由度的引入能在一定程度上改善预报质量。     

基于实验研究的轧机垂扭耦合振动分析

以承钢1780热连轧机组的R1为研究对象,依据多自由度系统振动理论,提出了一种垂扭耦合动力学模型的建模方法,建立了R1的垂扭耦合振动微分方程;并结合现场实测数据,确定了系统的耦合系数;分别计算了该轧机垂振、扭振、垂扭耦合振动的固有频率,并进行了比较。分析了考虑耦合振动系统时,轧机固有频率的变化情况,给出了R1垂扭耦合振动的前15阶固有频率。通过对咬钢激励情况下垂扭耦合系统的动态响应分析,分别计算了上下辊系扭振与垂振的最大振幅。通过对振动幅值的比较,论证了扭振与垂振之间的影响程度,并通过现场实测对理论分析结果进行了验证。     

On non-linear dynamics of a coupled electro-mechanical system

Electro-mechanical devices are an example of coupled multi-disciplinary weakly non-linear systems. Dynamics of such systems is described in this paper by means of two mutually coupled differential equations. The first one, describing an electrical system, is of the first order and the second one, for mechanical system, is of the second order. The governing equations are coupled via linear and weakly non-linear terms. A classical perturbation method, a method of multiple scales, is used to find a steady-state response of the electro-mechanical system exposed to a harmonic close-resonance mechanical excitation. The results are verified using a numerical model created in MATLAB Simulink environment. Effect of non-linear terms on dynamical response of the coupled system is investigated; the backbone and envelope curves are analyzed. The two phenomena, which exist in the electro-mechanical system: (a)?detuning (i.e. a natural frequency variation) and (b)?damping (i.e. a decay in the amplitude of vibration), are analyzed further. An applicability range of the mathematical model is assessed.     

管道流固耦合振动的行波方法研究

应用波动方法分析载流管道流固耦合振动问题。采用直梁模型，推导了管道流固耦合系统的轴向、横向波导方程及平面管系的坐标转换矩阵，通过节点位移连续和力平衡条件建立了耦合系统的散射模型。最终分析了两种耦合对载流管道振动的影响机理及流速变化对管道振动稳定性的影响。数值算例表明本文方法的正确性及有效性。     

Frequency lock-in during nonlinear vibration of an airfoil coupled with van der Pol Oscillator

The frequency lock-in during the nonlinear vibration of a turbomachinery blade is modeled using a spring-mounted airfoil coupled with a van der Pol Oscillator (VDP) oscillator. The proposed reduced-order model uses the nonlinear VDP oscillator to represent the oscillatory nature of wake dynamics caused by the vortex shedding. The damping term in the VDP oscillator is assumed to be nonlinear. The coupled equations governing the pitch and plunge motion of an airfoil are used to approximate the vibration of a turbomachinery blade. Springs having cubic-order nonlinearity for their stiffnesses are used to mount the airfoil. The unsteady lift acting on the blade is modeled using a self-excited nonlinear wake oscillator. The model for wake dynamics takes into account the influence of blade inertia. The nonlinear coupled three degrees of freedom (dof) aeroelastic system is studied for instability resulting in the frequency lock-in phenomenon. The equations are transformed into non-dimensional form, and then the frequencies of the coupled system are plotted to demonstrate the frequency lock-in. Further, the method of multiple scales is used to derive modulation equations which represent the amplitude and phase of the oscillation. The results obtained using the method of multiple scales are compared with direct numerical solutions to verify the present modeling method. The steady-state amplitudes of the response are plotted against the detuning parameter, which represents the frequency response curve. Further, the sensitivity of non-dimensional parameters such as coupling coefficients, mass ratio, reduced velocity, static unbalance, structural damping coefficient and the ratio of uncoupled pitch and plunge natural frequencies on the frequency response is investigated. The study revealed that parameters such as mass ratio, reduced velocity, structural damping coefficient, and coupling coefficients have a stronger influence in suppressing the amplitude of vibration. Meanwhile, parameters such as the frequency ratio, static unbalance, reduced velocity, and mass ratio significantly affect the range of frequency in which the lock-in phenomenon happens. Further, linear perturbation analysis is done to understand the qualitative effect of the system parameters such as coupling coefficients, mass ratio, frequency ratio, and static unbalance on the range of lock-in.     

齿轮箱非线性耦合系统的动力学分析

分别建立了啮合齿轮子系统弯扭耦合振动模型、弹性轴子系统的弯曲振动和扭转振动模型以及齿轮箱弹性箱板子系统的横向振动模型,通过轴承多维刚度矩阵和子结构之间的受力变形协调关系将各子结构的振动模型联立起来,从而得到整个齿轮箱耦合系统的动力学模型。结合相图和庞加莱映射图分析了系统的运动特性,采用功率流方法研究了系统振动能量传递特性及其影响因素,揭示了外部激励和轴承刚度等因素对系统特性的影响,为齿轮箱系统的振动控制与结构设计提供了新的分析方法和理论依据。     

A DYNAMIC MODEL FOR ROCKET LAUNCHER WITH COUPLED RIGID AND FLEXIBLW MOTION

The dynamics of a coupled rigid-flexible rocket launcher is reported. The coupled rigid-flexible rocket launcher is divided into two subsystems, one is a system of rigid bodies,the other a flexible launch tube which can undergo large overall motions spatially. First, the mathematical models for these two subsystems were established respectively. Then the dynamic model for the whole system was obtained by considering the coupling effect between these two subsystems. The approach, which divides a complex system into several simple subsystems first and then obtains the dynamic model for the whole system via combining the existing dynamic models for simple subsystems, can make the modeling procedure efficient and convenient.     

基于神经网络算法的建筑结构振动分散控制研究

针对地震作用下建筑结构振动分散控制问题,引入神经网络算法,研究结构振动分散神经网络控制策略,来解决分散控制中各子系统的耦合问题和神经网络算法的训练成本问题.利用径向基函数RBF(Radical Basis Function)神经网络模型并基于newrb函数构建了RBF神经网络控制器,对某20层Benchmark结构模型分别进行集中控制和多工况子系统划分分散控制的数值模拟分析,结果表明,提出的各子系统耦合的分散RBF神经网络振动控制策略考虑了子系统间的信息共享,可有效控制结构的振动响应,且子系统达到理想训练结果所需的训练次数与BP网络相比显著降低.     

基于界面主从位移控制的频响子结构方法

在复杂工程结构频响子结构分析中,各个子结构的频响函数往往是由不同的部门获得,各个子结构的频响函数可能是在不同的坐标系下得到,亦或有些子结构具有某种对称性,这需要对相应的子结构频响函数进行旋转和镜像变换后才能进行整体拼接。此外,子结构拼接时交界面的连接点有时可能存在不一致,为了满足位移协调和力平衡条件,本文基于界面主从位移控制原理,提出一种改进的频响子结构方法,该方法既能考虑子结构的旋转和镜像变换,也能考虑子结构界面间的柔性连接,并可大幅提高计算效率。当界面位移控制阵为单位阵时,改进的方法退化为传统的频响子结构方法。数值算例验证了所提方法的正确性和有效性。     

航天器与运载火箭耦合分析相关技术研究进展

本文以载荷分析为主要内容, 概述航天飞行器结构动力学研究的一些进展. 首先介绍航箭(航天器/运载火箭简称为航箭) 耦合系统载荷分析基本思想. 然后介绍以下3 个方面的载荷分析方法: (1) 采用基础激励理论初始载荷分析的近似方法; (2) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统分支模态综合法. 导出采用约束模态质量界面加速度的航天器载荷计算方法; 当仅考虑静定约束特殊情况时, 退化的方程与Chen 采用有限元法导出的方程相同. 给出新航天器载荷瞬态分析技术, 即一个以前的航天器/运载耦合系统载荷结果可以用来获得相同运载火箭发射一个新航天器结构的必要的载荷信息. (3) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统模态综合法. 包括: 固定界面模态综合法, 以及航天器/运载耦合的界面综合动态响应计算新方法. 最后, 介绍验证载荷分析技术. 简要讨论验证技术的重要性, 提出了采用试验与理论相结合的结构动态试验仿真技术,该方法包括了一套修正数学模型的新技术, 称之为子结构试验建模综合技术. 该方法已应用于复杂的结构建模. 在进行CZ-2E 运载火箭实尺模态试验之前, 用建议的模态试验仿真技术给出CZ-2E 模态参数的预示结果, 并与随后获得的实际模态试验结果相比, 两个结果彼此之间高度一致. 这个结果证明了模态试验仿真技术已成功地预示了CZ-2E 运载火箭的模态参数, 验证了建议的模态试验仿真技术的可靠性. 讨论了振动台振动试验仿真技术. 介绍了振动台振动试验仿真的几个关键技术. 包括: 有限元模型修正技术, 40 t 振动台系统台面控制仿真方法和D 卫星振动台振动试验仿真.      

纵向参数激励下平动刚-液耦合系统稳定性

纵向参数激励下液体晃动稳定性是航天器动力学中一个广受关注的问题,然而在以往的研究中没有考虑液体晃动与航天器运动之间的耦合作用对系统参数振动稳定性的影响. 建立了用液体晃动等效单摆模型描述的纵向激励下平动刚-液耦合系统的Mathieu方程,采用摄动法确定了耦合系统1/2亚谐波振动和谐波振动的激励幅-频稳定性边界. 研究发现,液体晃动与主刚体横向运动的耦合作用扩大了参数振动不稳定区, 并使其向高频移动,影响的程度随等效晃动质量的减小而减小;液体晃动模态阻尼对1/2亚谐波振动不稳定区的缩小作用远弱于对谐波振动不稳定区的缩小作用. 对耦合系统第1阶液体晃动模态1/2亚谐波振动响应的研究表明:当纵向激励参数在不稳定区内时,可能引起主刚体的纵横耦合振动现象.      

二频机抖激光捷联系统结构振动分析

二频机抖激光捷联系统中三个激光陀螺抖动会引起惯性器件的耦合振动,产生系统抖动耦合误差,导致惯导系统导航精度下降。二频机抖激光陀螺捷联惯导系统机械结构较为复杂,很难通过解析法求解其振动特性。作者采用有限元方法对二频机抖激光陀螺进行了正弦信号驱动下的瞬态响应分析,并在正弦信号中加入了抖动随机信号,实现了机抖激光陀螺工作状态的仿真。此外,还对二频机抖激光捷联系统的振动特性进行了瞬态响应分析,掌握了系统的耦合振动情况,并进行了功率谱分析。这为激光捷联系统的频率搭配最优化提供了分析方法,对高精度二频机抖激光捷联系统的设计有重要意义。     

车辆-轨道系统垂向随机振动的辛方法分析

将轨道视为无限长的周期结构,建立车辆轨道垂向耦合模型. 使用虚拟激励法将随机的轨道不平顺激励转化为确定性的简谐激励,再用辛数学方法求解轨道结构的频率响应特性和耦合系统的响应功率谱. 整个计算模型只有26个自由度,求解过程快速而精确.数值算例中,将该方法与常规有限元方法进行了比较,验证了方法的高效性和正确性,讨论了车辆速度对系统随机响应的影响.      

Energy analysis in a nonlinear hybrid system containing linear and nonlinear subsystems coupled by hereditary element

Energy transfer between subsystems coupled by standard light hereditary element in hybrid system is very important for different engineering applications, especially for dynamical absorption. An analytical study of the energy transfer between coupled linear and nonlinear oscillators in the free vibrations of a viscoelastically connected double-oscillator system as a new hybrid nonlinear system with two and half degrees of freedom is pointed out. The analytical study shows that the viscoelastic–hereditary connection between oscillators causes the appearance of like two-frequency regimes of subsystem's vibrations and that the energy transfer between subsystems appears. The Lyapunov exponents corresponding to each of two eigenmodes of the hybrid system, as well as to the subsystems are obtained and expressed by using energy of the corresponding eigentime components. The Lyapunov exponents are measures of the vibration processes stability in the hybrid system and in component subsystem vibrations. In Honor of Giuseppe Rega and Fabrizio Vestroni on the Occasion of their 60th Birthday.     

An investigation on lateral and torsional coupled vibrations of high power density PMSM rotor caused by electromagnetic excitation

Electromagnetic excitation in high power density permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) due to eccentricity is a significant concern in industry; however, the treatment of lateral and torsional coupled vibrations caused by electromagnetic excitation is rarely addressed, yet it is very important for evaluating the stability of dynamic rotor vibrations. This study focuses on an analytical method for analyzing the stability of coupled lateral/torsional vibrations in rotor systems caused by electromagnetic excitation in a PMSM. An electromechanically coupled lateral/torsional dynamic model of a PMSM Jeffcott rotor is derived using a Lagrange–Maxwell approach. Equilibrium stability was analyzed using a linearized matrix of the equation describing the system. The stability criteria of coupled torsional–lateral motions are provided, and the influences of the electromagnetic and mechanical parameters on mechanical vibration stability and nonlinear behavior were investigated. These results provide better understanding of the nonlinear response of an eccentric PMSM rotor system and are beneficial for controlling and diagnosing eccentricity.     

Vibration characteristics of a hydraulic generator unit rotor system with parallel misalignment and rub-impact

The object of this research aims at the hydraulic generator unit rotor system. According to fault problems of the generator rotor local rubbing caused by the parallel misalignment and mass eccentricity, a dynamic model for the rotor system coupled with misalignment and rub-impact is established. The dynamic behaviors of this system are investigated using numerical integral method, as the parallel misalignment, mass eccentricity and bearing stiffness vary. The nonlinear dynamic responses of the generator rotor and turbine rotor with coupling faults are analyzed by means of bifurcation diagrams, Poincaré maps, axis orbits, time histories and amplitude spectrum diagrams. Various nonlinear phenomena in the system, such as periodic, three-periodic and quasi-periodic motions, are studied with the change of the parallel misalignment. The results reveal that vibration characteristics of the rotor system with coupling faults are extremely complex and there are some low frequencies with large amplitude in the 0.3–0.4× components. As the increase in mass eccentricity, the interval of nonperiodic motions will be continuously moved forward. It suggests that the reduction in mass eccentricity or increase in bearing stiffness could preclude nonlinear vibration. These might provide some important theory references for safety operating and exact identification of the faults in rotating machinery.     

Coupling vibration of vehicle-bridge system

By applying the sinusoidal wave mode to simulate the rugged surface of bridge deck, accounting for vehicle-bridge interaction and using Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, a coupling vibration model of vehicle-bridge system was developed. The model was solved by mode analyzing method and Runge-Kutta method, and the dynamic response and the resonance curve of the bridge were obtained. It is found that there are two resonance regions, one represents the main resonance while the other the minor resonance, in the resonance curve. The influence due to the rugged surface, the vibration mode of bridge, and the interaction between vehicle and bridge on vibration of the system were discussed. Numerical results show that the influence due to these parameters is so significant that the effect of roughness of the bridge deck and the mode shape of the bridge can‘ t be ignored and the vehicle velocity should be kept away from the critical speed of the vehicle_     

Nonlinear vibration modes and instability of a conceptual model of a spar platform

Spar floating platforms have been largely used for deepwater drilling, oil and natural gas production, and storage. In extreme weather conditions, such structures may exhibit a highly nonlinear dynamical behavior due to heave-pitch coupling. In this paper, a 2-DOF model is used to study the heave and pitch dynamical response in free and forced vibration. Special attention is given to the determination of the nonlinear vibration modes (NNMs). Nonsimilar and similar NNMs are obtained analytically by direct application of asymptotic and Galerkin-based methods. The results show important NNM features such as instability and multiplicity of modes. The NNMs are used to generate reduced order models consisting of SDOF nonlinear oscillators. This allows analytic parametric studies and the derivation of important features of the system such as its frequency-amplitude relations and resonance curves. The stability is analyzed by the Floquet theory. The analytical results show a good agreement with the numerical solution obtained by direct integration of the equation of motion. Instability analyses using bifurcation diagrams and Mathieu charts are carried out to understand the fundamental mechanism for the occurrence of unstable coupled heave-pitch resonant motions of floating structures in waves and to study the dependencies of the growth rate of unstable motions on physical parameters.     

Nonlinear primary resonance analysis for a coupled thermo-piezoelectric-mechanical model of piezoelectric rectangular thin plates

A model of piezoelectric rectangular thin plates with the consideration of the coupled thermo-piezoelectric-mechanical effect is established. Based on the von Karman large deflection theory, the nonlinear vibration governing equation is obtained by using Hamilton's principle and the Rayleigh-Ritz method. The harmonic balance method(HBM) is used to analyze the first-order approximate response and obtain the frequency response function. The system shows non-linear phenomena such as hardening nonlinearity, multiple coexistence solutions, and jumps. The effects of the temperature difference,the damping coefficient, the plate thickness, the excited charge, and the mode on the primary resonance response are theoretically analyzed. With the increase in the temperature difference, the corresponding frequency jumping increases, while the resonant amplitude decreases gradually. Finally, numerical verifications are carried out by the Runge-Kutta method, and the results agree very well with the theoretical results.