基于光谱成像技术的乳块消素片活性成分空间分布及均匀性研究

建立乳块消素片活性成分橙皮苷的空间分布和总体成分均匀性的质量控制方法,为片剂生物利用度与成分分布相关性研究提供基础.采用近/中红外漫反射光谱成像技术,运用基础相关系数分析方法.鉴别素片表面橙皮苷成分的分布区;通过直方图统计分析,探讨素片成分的分布均匀性.橙皮苷近红外光谱与素片表面光谱的最高相关系数为0.75;而中红外光...     

水平测试样品的均匀性保证

为确保水平测试样品的均匀性，文中阐述了水平测试、样品制备、均匀性检验的取样数量、取样方式、最小取样量、测量方法和统计方法，重点介绍了均匀性检验的统计方法。     

标准样品的均匀性检验及判断

对标准样品的均匀性检验及判断进行了系统的论述。介绍了标准样品的均匀性检验及判断的各种方法,指出标准样品的均匀性要通过综合评估多方位去判断。     

基于平凸柱面镜的LIBS光束整形系统设计

为改善激光诱导击穿光谱(Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, LIBS)技术激光能量不均匀分布的问题,利用仿真软件对半径为12.5 mm的不同焦距型号的平凸柱面镜进行光路成像模拟,模拟显示满足激光器条件的最佳焦距为100 mm,在此基础上搭建基于LIBS光束的整形系统,实验表明：相比于无平凸柱面镜整形,样品中锶元素的焦斑光强均方差系数平均降低了41.91%,焦斑光强峰谷比系数平均降低了41.27%,而能量均匀度平均提高了17.23%,拟合决定系数由0.860提高到了0.914。结果显示使用平凸柱面镜可提高光束能量的均匀性,验证了平凸柱面镜是激光光束整形的一种有效方法。     

标准物质的均匀性及其检验

介绍标准物质的均匀性检验及其评价方法。     

色貌空间均匀性测试

均匀颜色空间在跨媒体颜色管理中起着重要的作用。本文以D65光源下的孟塞尔系统、Ebner和Fairchild恒常色相数据的CIEXYZ三刺激值作为输入值,利用三个模型预测相应的明度、彩度、色相的值,并根据预测值评价了常用色貌空间CIELab、CIECAM02-Jab、IPT的均匀性。实验结果表明,在明度均匀性方面,CIELab和IPT的明度均匀性较好,预测明度与孟塞尔明度V基本成线性关系,CIECAM02-Jab的均匀性稍差,预测相同孟塞尔明度的颜色得到的明度值并不完全相同;在彩度均匀性方面,CIELAB的均匀性最好,IPT均匀性最差;在色相均匀性方面,IPT的均匀性要优于CIECAM02-Jab和CIELab的均匀性,而CIELab的色相均匀性较差。     

铜互连电镀中有机添加剂的合成与分析（英文）

铜互连是保障电子设备的功能、性能、能效、可靠性以及制备良品率至关重要的一环。铜互连常通过在酸性镀铜液电镀铜实现,并广泛用于芯片、封装基材和印制电路板中。其中,有机添加剂在调控铜沉积完成沟槽填充、微孔填充以形成精密线路和实现层间互连方面起着决定性作用。添加剂主要由光亮剂、抑制剂和整平剂三组分组成,在恰当的浓度配比下,添加剂对于盲孔超级填充具有协同作用。目前,已报导的文献聚焦于代表性添加剂的超填充机理及其电化学行为,而对于添加剂的化学结构与制备方法鲜有深入研究。本文重点研究了各添加剂组分的制备工艺和快速电化学筛选方法,为电镀铜添加剂的未来发展提供理论指导。     

茂金属线性低密度聚乙烯的组成均匀性

茂金属线性低密度聚乙烯的组成均匀性徐旭荣徐君庭封麟先陈伟（浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系杭州３１００２７）（中国石化总公司石油化工科学研究院北京１０００８３）关键词线性低密度聚乙烯，组成均匀性，茂金属催化剂８０年代以来，茂金属催化剂得到迅速发展．...     

高分子交联网络空间分布非均匀性的表征

用激光散射探针技术，借非无规指数ＮＲＩ（＝［Ｒｖｖ（０）ｎｒ／［Ｒｖｖ（０）］ｒ－１）定量表征交联网络空间分布非均匀性的原理，将其用于表征重要功能高分子材料，即苯乙烯（Ｓｔ）与二乙烯苯（ＤＶＢ）交联共聚物，骨架交联网络空间分布的非均匀性的表征．ＮＲＩ值小，力学性能好．因此，ＮＲＩ可望在亚微观水平上作为衡量高分子材料力学性能优劣的指标．     

First Synthesis of Continuous Mesoporous Copper Films with Uniformly Sized Pores by Electrochemical Soft Templating

Although mesoporous metals have been synthesized by electrochemical methods, the possible compositions have been limited to noble metals (e.g., palladium, platinum, gold) and their alloys. Herein we describe the first fabrication of continuously mesoporous Cu films using polymeric micelles as soft templates to control the growth of Cu under sophisticated electrochemical conditions. Uniformly sized mesopores are evenly distributed over the entire film, and the pore walls are composed of highly crystalized Cu.     

移动阴极式掩膜电解加工微沟槽阵列均匀性研究

掩膜电解加工是一种高效率、大规模加工微结构的特种加工方法。然而,由于电流分布的边缘效应,在微结构的掩膜电解加工过程中往往存在着严重的加工尺寸不一致问题。针对这一问题,本文提出了一种移动阴极式掩膜电解加工方法。首先,利用COMSOL有限元分析软件对微沟槽阵列掩膜电解加工过程中的电流分布和阳极轮廓形状进行了数值仿真。仿真结果表明,相对于常规阴极结构的掩膜电解加工,采用移动阴极结构的掩膜电解加工方法能够获得尺寸更加均匀的微沟槽阵列结构。其次,在数值仿真的基础上,开展了掩膜电解加工实验研究。实验结果表明,移动阴极式掩膜电解加工方法能够有效地改善微沟槽阵列加工的尺寸均匀性。相对于常规阴极结构的掩膜电解加工过程,移动阴极式掩膜电解加工微沟槽阵列的均匀性提高了68.3%,并且随着阴阳极间距的增大,微沟槽深度不均匀度呈现出先减小后增大的趋势。随着阴极宽度的增大,微沟槽深度不均匀度逐渐增大;随着阴极移动速度的增大,微沟槽深度不均匀度逐渐减小,仿真与实验结果趋势一致。     

酞菁铜溶解性研究及其电沉积薄膜的制备

通过测定α-酞菁铜(α-CuPc)在4种不同的有机溶剂中的紫外可见光吸收光谱,研究了不同溶剂以及加入不同量的三氟乙酸(TFAA)对酞菁铜溶解性和质子化的影响.以溶解性研究为基础,探讨了在电化学沉积法制备酞菁铜薄膜时不同工艺条件对其形貌的影响.实验结果表明:加入TFAA后,酞菁铜在硝基甲烷和氯仿中溶解良好,而且在氯仿中更容易质子化;使用扫描电镜(SEM)表征,结果表明TFAA及酞菁铜摩尔含量对薄膜制备的影响最为明显.     

Cu(SCN)2-水系电沉积制备CuSCN薄膜

Cu(SCN)2-水系电沉积制备CuSCN薄膜;p-CuSCN薄膜;电化学沉积;EDTA     

一种基于纳米金介导生物沉积铂催化氢还原的电化学免疫分析新方法

本文发展了一种基于纳米金介导生物沉积铂并以铂催化氢还原伏安法进行检测的高灵敏电化学免疫分析新方法。该方法采用夹心免疫分析模式,实现了人免疫球蛋白（HIgG）的测定。首先在聚苯乙烯微孔板中固定羊抗HIgG捕获抗体,HIgG捕获后,碱性磷酸酶标记的HIgG抗体修饰的纳米金探针通过与HIgG的形成的夹心复合物而结合在微孔板上。结合的碱性磷酸酶催化抗坏血酸磷酸酯底物水解产生抗坏血酸,后者在纳米金上介导下还原铂离子沉积于纳米金表面。沉积的金属铂用王水溶解并电富集于玻碳电极上。通过测定铂催化氢还原产生的阴极电流,可实现HIgG的高灵敏分析。催化氢还原电流与HIgG浓度对数在0.1~100ng/ml之间呈线性相关性,检测限达22pg/ml。由于铂催化氢还原的高灵敏度及纳米金介导的生物沉积放大反应,该法具有较高的分析灵敏度,且免疫分析微孔板模式使得该法可同时用于大量样品的分析。     

Ag Deposition Forms and Uniformity on Porous Silicon by Electrochemical Method

The electrochemical deposition technique was applied to achieve porous silicon (PS) surface passivated with Ag deposition for improving the properties of PS photoluminescence. The relation of Ag depositing forms to current density and the effect of PS hydrophilic surface on deposition uniformity were investigated. The experimental results indicated that there were two critical current densities (maximum and minimum) in which Ag was absent and electroplated on PS surface correspondingly, and the range of current density for deposition of Ag on porous silicon was from 50 μA/cm² to 400 μA/cm². The process of changing PS surface from hydrophobic into hydrophilic had positive effect on Ag deposition uniformity. Under the same experimental conditions, PS hydrophobic surface presented uneven Ag deposition.However, hydrophilic surface treated with SC-1 solution was even. Finally, the effect of PS surface passivation with Ag even deposition on photoluminescence intensity and stabilization of PS was studied. It was discovered that Ag passivation inhibited the degradation of PL intensity effectively. In addition, excessive Ag deposition had a quenching effect on room-temperature visible photoluminescence of PS.     

Formation and Characterization of Europium Bisphthalocyanine Organic Nanowires by Electrochemical Deposition

Europium bisphthalocyanine (EuPc2) nanowires were prepared by electrochemicaldeposition method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show the evolution of themorphologies of nanowires obtained under different deposition time (Td). The optical properties ofeuropium bisphthalocyanine films were studied by UV-Vis absorption spectra. The morphology of EuPc2 nanowires could be controlled by changing deposition conditions, which provides a usefulmethod to make organic nanowires.     

铜/活性炭复合材料的电化学性能研究

电极材料的开发与完善是提高电容器性能的主要途径之一.本文以烟煤为炭质原料、硝酸铜为添加剂催化制备了铜/活性炭复合材料,并对氧化铜电极、活性炭电极和铜/活性炭复合材料电极进行了循环伏安、交流阻抗和电压保持能力等电化学性能测试.结果表明,活性炭中含有适量的铜可与活性炭产生协同效应,铜/炭复合材料的电容量高于纯氧化铜电极和活性炭电极的电容量之和,含铜20%的活性炭比电容量可达67.5 F/g,是同样条件制得的无铜活性炭比电容量的1.72倍;含铜活性炭具有较好的循环性能、容量特性和较小的阻抗;但其开路电压的自保持性能有待进一步改善.     

铜电化学沉积在微孔金属化中的应用

以分布有微孔的印刷线路板(PCB)作为模板,按照PCB孔金属化工艺路线,研究乙醛酸化学镀铜和柠檬酸盐体系铜电沉积工艺在PCB微孔金属化中的应用.结果表明,乙醛酸化学镀铜和柠檬酸盐体系电沉积铜可以成功地应用于PCB微孔金属化加工工艺中.微孔化学镀铜金属化导电处理后,铜附着于微孔内壁,颗粒细小,但排列疏松且局部区域发生漏镀现象.微孔一经电镀铜加厚,镀层电阻显著下降;孔壁内外的铜沉积速率达到0.8:1.0;铜颗粒具有一定的侧向生长能力,能够完全覆盖化学镀铜时产生的微小漏镀区域;微孔内壁铜镀层连续、结构致密并紧密附着于内壁,大大增强了PCB上下层互连的导电性能.     

Electrochemical Deposition of Azobenzene‐Containing Network Films with High‐Contrast and Stable Photoresponse

To fabricate stable photoresponsive films and devices, a cross‐linked network that firmly fixes the position of the chromophores is an ideal structure, because aggregation and/or phase separation effects of chromophores in matrix can be effectively restrained in such robust films. Herein, the in situ electrochemical deposition (ED) of azo‐based precursors containing multielectroactive carbazole units is utilized to construct highly cross‐linked photoresponsive films. 2‐(4‐(9,9‐bis(6‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)hexyl)‐9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐1‐(4‐(9,9‐bis(6‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)hexyl)‐9H‐fluoren‐7‐yl)phenyl)diazene (BFCzAzo) with high solvability in electrolyte solution, high electroactivity, and highly efficient photoresponsive ability is synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction as a kind of ED precursor. A highly cross‐linked photoresponsive film is fabricated by ED method using BFCzAzo as ED precursor. The film can be patterned in large area by irradiation with interfering laser beam (355 nm), and the pattern possesses excellent thermal stability and insoluble ability in both organic and inorganic solvents. Excellent reversibility of the nanostructures is demonstrated by irradiation with 550 nm laser beam.