氧等离子体处理对纳米二氧化硅溶胶涂覆高强、高模聚乙烯纤维拉伸性能的影响

基于艾琳方程,提出用于定量分析纤维表面和纳米涂覆层间的纳米界面结构的理论模型.实验结果表明,纤维高分子链段受力塑性变形时,纳米界面结构内纳米微粒阻碍其形貌变化产生热激活体积,该热激活体积是纳米界面结构性能的重要表征;氧等离子体处理对纳米二氧化硅溶胶涂覆高强、高模聚乙烯纤维有增韧作用.由不同处理样品的扫描电子显微镜图片和傅里叶变换红外光谱曲线对比分析可知,经氧等离子体处理纳米二氧化硅溶胶涂覆高强、高模聚乙烯纤维的纳米涂覆层纳米颗粒分布均匀,纳米颗粒还填补纤维表面微观缺陷,活性官能团被引入到纤维表面. 关键词： 激活体积 氧等离子体 高强、高模聚乙烯纤维 纳米界面结构     

界面对ZrN/TaN纳米多层膜固氦性能的影响

采用射频磁控溅射方法, 在混合气氛下制备了ZrN/TaN多层膜. 利用X射线衍射、慢正电子束分析、增强质子背散射、扫描电子显微镜, 分别对ZrN/TaN多层膜中相结构、氦相关缺陷、氦含量、截面形貌等进行了分析. 结果表明, 调制周期为30 nm的ZrN/TaN多层膜在600℃退火后, 氦的保持率仍能达到45.6%. 在适当的调制周期下, ZrN/TaN多层膜能够耐氦损伤并且其界面具有一定的固氦性能. 关键词： ZrN/TaN 纳米多层膜 界面 固氦     

氦对铜钨纳米多层膜界面稳定性的影响

采用射频磁控溅射方法,分别在纯Ar和Ar, He混合气氛下制备了多个不同调制周期的Cu/W纳米多层膜. 利用增强质子背散射(EPBS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)分别对Cu/W多层膜中He含量、 截面形貌和相结构进行了分析.结果表明:多层膜的界面稳定性是耐氦损伤的前提和保证. 在适当的调制周期下,纳米多层膜能有抑制氦泡成核及长大的能力.     

等离子体诱导碳纳米管到纳米金刚石的相变

采用氢等离子体，实现了碳纳米管向金刚石的结构相变，并实现了金刚石的高密度成核，有效成核密度可达10\+\{11\}／cm\+2以上，处于目前金刚石成核密度的最高行列，为制备优质的金刚石薄膜提供了保证.高分辨透射电镜、x射线衍射和拉曼光谱都证实了金刚石的形成.同时，对纳米金刚石晶粒的生成机理进行了初步探讨. 关键词： 等离子体 碳纳米管 纳米金刚石 结构相变     

基于复合纳米结构的局域表面等离子体光学传感器

局域表面等离子体光学传感器由于其体积小、灵敏度高、免标记等特点成为目前传感器研究热点之一。然而由于银纳米结构的生物兼容性以及氧化问题,成为该传感器发展的瓶颈。提出了利用金／银混合的金属纳米结构克服上述困难,并从有限时域差分数值计算方法入手,设计了银层50nm,金层5nm的六边形分布三角形复合传感结构,并利用纳米球自组装技术实现了该类型传感器。同时,与生物分子蛋白A的结合实验结果表明,该传感器在生物分子溶液浓度213．85nM的条件下仍然具有较高的灵敏度。     

氧等离子体处理对GaAs表面单层自组装SiO2纳米球薄膜的影响

二维纳米阵列结构因其重要的光学性能被广泛应用于各类光电子器件。本文对自组装单层SiO2纳米球掩模刻蚀法制备GaAs纳米柱二维阵列结构的关键工艺技术进行了研究。采用旋涂法在GaAs表面制备自组装单层SiO2纳米球,重点研究了GaAs表面氧等离子体亲水处理工艺对纳米球排列特性的影响,获得最佳工艺条件为功率配比100 W+80 W、腔室压力4 Pa、氧气流量20 mL/min、处理时间1200 s,并最终得到排列紧密的大面积单层纳米球薄膜。以单层纳米球为掩模,采用感应耦合等离子体刻蚀技术在GaAs表面制备了纳米柱阵列并测试了其表面光反射谱。测试结果表明,GaAs纳米柱阵列在特定波段的反射率降低至5%,远低于表面无纳米结构的薄膜材料表面高达40%的光反射。分析表明纳米柱可以激发米氏散射共振效应,从而有效降低反射率并提升光吸收。     

晶粒尺寸对掺氦纳米多晶铁机械性能影响的分子动力学模拟研究

采用分子动力学方法研究了晶粒尺寸对掺氦纳米多晶铁机械性能的影响.在拉伸形变过程中,纳米多晶铁将产生裂纹与晶格畸变,通过模拟XRD谱探索二者之间的联系.拉伸模拟结果显示,由于晶界氦原子的引入,峰值应力将显著减小.另外,在拉伸模拟中观察到,沿晶裂纹的产生与长大随着晶界氦原子的引入而增强.研究结果表明,晶界氦原子能够促进沿晶...     

偏振方向及结构间耦合作用对空心方形银纳米结构表面等离子体共振的影响

空心方形纳米结构能够激发更大面积的增强电场,故其可以作为衬底用于表面增强拉曼散射.应用离散偶极子近似算法研究了空心方形银纳米结构的消光光谱及其近场电场分布与入射光偏振方向之间的关系.研究表明,空心方形银纳米结构的表面等离子体共振峰不随入射光偏振方向的改变而移动,但是其表面增强电场分布却强烈地依赖于入射光的偏振方向.另外,还讨论了空心方形银纳米结构间的耦合作用对其表面等离子体共振模式的影响.结果发现,可以通过调节结构间的距离来改变结构间的耦合作用,同时改变了表面等离子体共振峰的位置.这些结果将为理解闭合纳米 关键词： 空心方形银纳米结构 表面等离子体 偏振 电场耦合     

含钼涂层钨材料在氦等离子体作用下的前期表面形貌演变研究

为了研究纳米绒毛的生成过程及内在的物理机制,采用磁控溅射镀膜的方式在钨片上镀有钼涂层(Mo-W)。借助微观结构观察的手段分析了钨、钼块材以及钨-钼(Mo-W)样品在773K、1073K氦等离子体作用条件下的表面形貌演变过程。结果表明:钨、钼以及钨-钼(Mo-W)样品在氦等离子体作用下表面形貌演变规律基本一致;纳米绒毛及其珊瑚状前驱体是在尺寸相对较大的锥状结构上演化而来的。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2纳米薄膜及其光催化性能的研究

本文通过溶胶－凝胶工艺在玻璃表面制得了均匀透明的ＴｉＯ２纳米薄膜，其纳米颗粒的大小在５０～１５０ｎｍ范围内。该镀膜玻璃的透光性较好，在可见光范围内它相对于普通玻璃来说透光率在７２％以上。敌敌畏水溶液的光催化降解实验表明：起光催化作用的ＴｉＯ２晶型主要是锐钛矿型，因此热处理温度控制在５５０℃较好。随着镀膜次数的增加，光催化效率提高，当镀膜达到１０次时，光解率达到最高，再增加镀膜次数，光解率几乎没有提高。随着光催化效率的进一步提高，该类材料可望在环境保护、污水处理、空气净化等方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

电解等离子体法制备Al2O3陶瓷层及其特性研究

利用电弧喷铝并重熔后进行电解等离子体处理(EPP)的方法在Q235钢基体上制备出呈冶金结 合的Al₂O₃陶瓷层.利用XRD，SEM和EDS等手段对陶瓷层的成分和显 微组织进行了分析， 测定了陶瓷层的耐蚀性能和耐磨性能.实验结果表明，陶瓷层主要由α-Al₂O3，γ-Al₂O₃，θ-Al₂O₃以及一 些非晶相组成，组织致密，耐蚀性能和耐磨性能良好. 关键词： 电解等离子体处理 陶瓷层 复合技术 生长机理     

Microstructures and properties of plasma sprayed FeAl/CeO2/ZrO2 nano-composite coating

Commercial FeAl powders and ZrO₂ nano-particles as well as CeO₂ additive were reconstituted into a novel multi-compositional feedstock powders via spray drying. The resulting feedstock powders were used to deposit FeAl/CeO₂/ZrO₂ nano-composite coating by plasma spraying on 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. An X-ray diffractometer (XRD), a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS), and a field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (FESEM/EDS) were employed to characterize the microstructure of the as-prepared feedstock powders and nano-composite coating. At the same time, the mechanical properties and friction and wear behavior of the nano-composite coating and pure FeAl coating were comparatively evaluated by using a Vickers microindentation tester and ball-on-disk sliding wear tribotester, respectively. And the wear mechanisms for the two types of coatings are discussed in terms of their microstructure and mechanical properties. Results indicate that the nano-composite coating has a much higher hardness and fracture toughness as well as drastically increased wear resistance than pure FeAl coating, which could be mainly attributed to the reinforcing effect of ZrO₂ nano-particles and partially attributed to the refining effect of CeO₂ in the nano-composite coating.     

多重分形谱研究溶胶-凝胶SiO2疏水减反膜的激光预处理作用

采用溶胶-凝胶提拉技术制备了SiO₂疏水减反膜.使用Nd：YAG激光（波长为1064nm,脉宽为7.5ns）采用“R on 1”方式对所得膜层进行了激光预处理.在预处理前后采用“1 on 1”方式考察了薄膜的激光损伤阈值的变化,使用原子力显微镜（AFM）观察了薄膜的表面形貌的变化,并使用多重分形谱（MFS）方法分析了薄膜分形结构的变化.结果表明经过激光预处理后薄膜的抗激光损伤阈值有了明显提高,均方根表面粗糙度（R_q）稍有减小,膜面变平整,多重分形谱宽度收缩,分形区间的分布均匀性改善.这说明经过激光预处理后薄膜表面微结构趋向规整,使之能够承受更强的激光的辐照.同时也说明借助多重分形谱可以获得更多薄膜表面结构变化的信息,多重分形谱是探索强激光对光学薄膜辐照作用机理的一个十分有用的方法. 关键词： 2疏水减反膜')" href="#">SiO₂疏水减反膜 激光预处理 多重分形谱 激光损伤阈值     

溶胶凝胶法制备PMMA/SiO2杂化材料

针对目前PMMA/SiO2杂化材料制备过程中容易出现的相分离问题,采用原位聚合和同步溶胶凝胶过程制备了聚合物链段与无机组分间有化学键作用的PMMA/SiO2杂化材料,并应用透射电子显微镜、红外光谱分析仪、X射线衍射分析仪、热失重分析仪等对不同SiO2含量的PMMA/SiO2杂化材料的形貌及结构进行了研究。结果表明：SiO2含量在20%～60%间的PMMA/SiO2杂化体系没有明显的相分离现象,SiO2含量在20%～40%间的杂化体系的透光性较好。     

Influence of treating frequency on microstructure and properties of Al2O3 coating on 304 stainless steel by cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition

Alumina ceramic coatings were fabricated on 304 stainless steel by cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition (CPED). Influence of treating frequency of the power supply on the microstructure and properties of the coatings were studied. The results indicated that coatings obtained at various frequencies on 304 stainless steels were all composed of α-Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃, and α-Al₂O₃ was the dominant phase. The contents of α-Al₂O₃ decreased gradually in a very small rate with increasing the frequency and γ-Al₂O₃ gradually increased. The surface of alumina ceramic coating was porous. With increasing the frequency, the coating surface gradually became less rough and more compact, resulting in low surface roughness. The bonding strength of Al₂O₃ coating was higher than 22 MPa and was not strongly affected by treating frequency. With increasing the frequency, the alumina coated steels showed better and gradually increasing corrosion resistance than the uncoated one in 3.5% NaCl solution. The coating steel with desirable corrosion resistance was obtained at 800 Hz whose corrosion current potential and corrosion density were −0.237 V and 7.367 × 10⁻⁸ A/cm², respectively.     

Preparation of uniform TiO2 nanostructure film on 316L stainless steel by sol-gel dip coating

Sol was prepared by the mixing of tetra-η-butyle titanat, ethyl aceto acetate, and ethanol in an optimized condition. Polished 316L specimens were coated with the sol by dip-coating method. The influences of drying condition, withdrawal speed, calcination temperature, addition of dispersant, and pH of sol on TiO₂ nanostructure coating were investigated. Choosing of alcohol as drying atmosphere hindered the crack formation. The relation between coating thickness and withdrawal speed was evaluated. The optimum temperature to create a uniform distribution of nanoparticles of anatase was derived as 400 °C. Average roughness of coating was found about 10.61 nm by AFM analysis. Dispersant addition promoted formation of a uniform film as well as prevention of agglomeration. Acidic sol provided smaller particles than neutral sol.     

聚乙二醇对溶胶-凝胶SiO2增透膜激光损伤行为的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺制备了聚乙二醇（PEG）改性SiO2单层增透膜,用输出波长1.06 μm,脉宽3 ns的调Q激光系统产生的强激光进行辐照实验。观察了添加PEG前后的膜层的微结构、表面形貌以及激光损伤行为的变化,讨论了PEG对薄膜激光损伤行为产生影响的机制。结果表明：添加的PEG可以修饰、导向溶胶簇团的生长和交联,并使之有序,由此制备的薄膜结构规整,微缺陷减少,这就提高了膜层的激光损伤阈值;在激光辐照过程中,膜料吸收激光能量,膜层温度升高,膜层的PEG分子受热逐步分解挥发,膜层产生损伤。     

Effects of the surface coating of BaMgAl10O17:Eu phosphor with SiO2 nano-particles

BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇:Eu²⁺(BAM) phosphors were coated with SiO₂ nano-particles by a modified sol-gel method. In order to elucidate the effects of SiO₂ coating onto BAM phosphor, the luminescent decay time is measured before and after SiO₂ coating. It was revealed that surface coating of BAM phosphors with SiO₂ leads to an increase in luminescent decay time and quantum efficiency, due to the suppression of nonradiative decay via surface defects. The experimental results suggest that the nonradiative decay via surface defects is an important relaxation process, related to the optical properties of display devices such as plasma display panels (PDP) and lamps.     

Enhanced corrosion resistance and cellular behavior of ultrafine-grained biomedical NiTi alloy with a novel SrO-SiO2-TiO2 sol-gel coating

NiTi alloy has a unique combination of mechanical properties, shape memory effects and superelastic behavior that makes it attractive for several biomedical applications. In recent years, concerns about its biocompatibility have been aroused due to the toxic or side effect of released nickel ions, which restricts its application as an implant material. Bulk ultrafine-grained Ni50.8Ti49.2 alloy (UFG NiTi) was successfully fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) technique in the present study. A homogeneous and smooth SrO-SiO₂-TiO₂ sol-gel coating without cracks was fabricated on its surface by dip-coating method with the aim of increasing its corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility. Electrochemical tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) showed that the pitting corrosion potential of UFG NiTi was increased from 393 mV(SCE) to 1800 mV(SCE) after coated with SrO-SiO₂-TiO₂ film and the corrosion current density decreased from 3.41 μA/cm² to 0.629 μA/cm². Meanwhile, the sol-gel coating significantly decreased the release of nickel ions of UFG NiTi when soaked in SBF. UFG NiTi with SrO-SiO₂-TiO₂ sol-gel coating exhibited enhanced osteoblast-like cells attachment, spreading and proliferation compared with UFG NiTi without coating and CG NiTi.