脉动流动强化换热的数值研究

对脉动流动强化凸块散热进行了数值研究,讨论了雷诺数Re,斯德鲁哈尔数St,脉动振幅A等参数对凸块散热性能和通道中压力损失的影响。数值结果表明,脉动流动加强了流体的扰动和掺混作用,增强了流体的传热能力,进而强化了凸块的散热。凸块散热的强化效果随着Re数和A的增大而增大,并且对于该模型存在最佳的St数。另外,通道中瞬时压力损失满足正弦规律变化,其周期平均的压力损失与稳态时差异不大。     

周期性渐扩-渐缩通道层流流动与换热特性研究

以渐扩-渐缩通道内周期性充分发展的层流流动与换热为研究对象,采用SIMPLE算法,适体坐标网格及Amano周期性边界条件的实施方案对之进行数值模拟,计算了在层流范围内不同Re数下的流动与换热规律.结果表明,在Re=100~1000范围内,与平行平板通道相比,阻力增强了(10~200)%,换热增强了(40~320)%.     

肋片间距对环形通道流动和换热的影响

本文用稳态层流模型对几种具有不同肋片间距的环型通道内的流动和换热进行了数值模拟.计算结果表明:长直肋片截断后,流动和换热沿长度方向具有周期性的入口段效应,从而增强了换热.与长直肋片通道相比,βL=13/7时,换热增强了27%,而阻力仅增加6.8%.对于带肋环形通道,Re数增大,换热增强.     

三角形微通道流动冷凝的实验研究

实验研究了三角形硅微通道中的流动冷凝.通道中的冷凝流型沿程主要有珠状流、环状流、喷射流和弹状-泡状流等.在同一通道中,喷射流位置随着工质流量的增大而延后;在相同蒸气入口雷诺数下,喷射流位置则随着通道尺度的增大而延后.喷射流频率随着蒸气入口雷诺数和冷凝液韦伯数的增大而增大.较小水力直径的三角形通道中的流动冷凝不稳定性较高.冷凝通道的壁面温度呈沿程下降趋势.在同一通道中,流动冷凝的平均冷凝传热系数和平均努塞尔数,皆随着蒸气入口雷诺数的增大而增大,通道尺度的减小显著强化冷凝传热.     

仿螺旋肋片道流动换热特性的数值研究

运用数值计算的方法对仿螺旋肋片内冷通道内的流动特性和传热特性进行了研究,共建立五组模型,分析了入口冷气雷诺数和肋片排布方式对壁面换热和通道阻力特性的影响规律.研究结果表明:(1)随着肋片与主流方向的夹角α的增大,壁面换热增强,同时通道内平均阻力系数显著增大.(2)随着入口冷气雷诺数的增大,壁面平均努塞尔数Nu增大,平均阻力系数Eu减小.(3)改变肋片倾斜角β可使综合性能提高,且存在最佳值.在研究范围内,α=15°,β=15°时综合性能最好.     

周期性波纹通道内换热与流动的数值研究

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLER算法,数值研究了一种紧凑换热器中波纹通道内周期性充分发展的层流流动与换热情况,流动Re数的范围为100~1100,Pr数为0.7.计算考察了不同波纹高度、波纹间距对流动与换热的影响,并对模型参数进行了性能评价.计算结果表明,整体Nu数及fRe数随着流动Re数的增加而增加.随着波纹高度的增加或波纹间距的减小,换热增强,特别是在高Re数下波纹高度的增加更加强化换热.最佳波纹高度和间距分别为1.15 mm和13 mm.     

不连续冷源布局多孔介质内热流耦合LBM数值模拟

为研究不连续冷源边界对内置发热体多孔介质方腔内传热及流动的影响,采用格子Boltzmann方法对REV尺度下多孔介质方腔内的自然对流进行计算,并研究瑞利数（Ra）、达西数（Da）、孔隙度对多孔介质方腔内传热流动的影响.发现Da对方腔内的流体流型影响很大,Da为10^-4时,多孔介质方腔内只有一个涡流,而Da为10^-2时,方腔内有两个涡流.增大Ra、Da、孔隙度可以提高冷源壁面的平均努赛尔数（Nu）,增强散热效果,孔隙率对平均Nu影响程度和Da的大小有关.当冷源布置在壁面上方,壁面的平均Nu随Ra的增加剧烈变化,方腔处于高Ra条件下时,将冷源布置在边界的上方可以提高散热效果.6种布置方案中Case 6的散热效果最好.     

次声频脉动流横掠圆柱体传热实验研究

为研究次声频脉动流中圆柱体对流换热的特性,搭建了脉动流强化传热实验台架,研究了不同脉动频率(f=6~20 Hz)的脉动流横掠圆柱体的对流换热问题,脉动波的有效压力振幅Prms固定为22 Pa。结果表明:低频小振幅的脉动流横掠热圆柱体时,对流换热相对努塞尔数随着频率的降低线性增大,最大值可达4.0以上;辐射热流率占总热流率的比例随着频率的降低而呈指数下降。     

低频振动管外流动与传热特性研究

采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法,研究了低频振动管外的流动与传热特性,分析了不同参数对换热性能的影响.数值计算结果的场协同理论分析与实验表明:振动有利于强化传热,且其强化传热的效果随着振动频率与振幅升高而增强.在半周期内,时相位为90°时管外的换热性能最好,在一定范围内协同角余弦值随振动频率的变化与振幅基本无关.对比不同管型,沿椭圆管短轴方向振动的协同角余弦值最高,传热效果最好.     

入口段协同式翅片强化单相对流换热数值模拟

对二维平行平板通道入口段内设置协同式折流翅片的层流换热和流动特性进行了数值模拟。研究了翅片倾角以及通道长高比L／H对换热和阻力特性的影响。研究的Re数范围为100-1000。在翅片倾角β=0°-21.8°范围内, 通道内平均Nu数随翅片倾角β的增大而单调增大,随通道长度增大而单调减小。如果从相同泵功下强化效果来评价, 则是小倾角翅片较优,并且随Re数增大强化效果减弱。另外,分析表明,场的协同确实与换热率密切相关。     

RECIPROCATING IMPINGEMENT JET HEAT TRANSFER WITH SURFACE RIBS

This article presents the experimental heat transfer results of an impinging jet onto a flat surface with discrete ribs in a reciprocating confinement. The test flows were systemically varied from static to reciprocating conditions with oscillating frequencies of 0.83, 1.25, and 1.67 Hz. Parametric ranges of tests in terms of Reynolds, pulsating, and buoyancy numbers were 10,000-25,000, 0-0.15, and 0-4.12 x 10^-7, respectively. It was found that the nonreciprocating heat transfer close to and away from the stagnation point was respectively reduced and improved from the smooth-walled values, which led to the more spatially uniform heat transfer distribution. An empirical correlation was developed to permit the evaluation of nonreciprocating local Nusselt numbers. Under reciprocating environment with relatively weak pulsating force effects, a tendency of heat transfer deterioration from static reference developed, which trend could lead to about 20% of heat transfer reduction. Further increase of pulsating force ratio caused the subsequent heat transfer recovery, and the local reciprocating Nusselt number could be enhanced to a level about 240% of the equivalent static value at a pulsating number of 0.014. Considerable influence of reciprocating buoyancy interaction on heat transfer was detected to impede local heat transfer. As the present flow system in a reciprocating confinement could result in higher and more spatially uniform heat transfer rates in general, it could be an applicable cooling method for pistons.     

基于LBM的部分热活跃边界下多孔腔体内自然对流换热

采用Boltzmann方法模拟部分热活跃边界下的多孔腔体内自然对流,探讨不同热边界布置方案、孔隙度、Da数及Ra数对其流动传热的影响.数值计算表明：Da=10^-4时,腔体内中央出现一个循环流模式,只在Ra数很大时孔隙度才对传热有影响; Da=10^-2时,腔体内出现两个循环流,在Ra数很小时孔隙度对传热产生强烈的的影响.热活跃边界位置影响腔体内流体对流传热的强度,加热边界布置在底部、而冷却边界布置在顶部（Bottom-Top布置方式）,对多孔腔体内对流传热最有利,优于全热边界布置方式的传热效果.     

Heat transfer from a cylinder in pulsating cross-flow

The paper presents results on heat transfer from a cylinder in pulsating flow. The results are local heat transfer distributions that match four different flow modes identified previously by the authors. A new kind of dimensionless number was introduced for pulsating flows: this is a ratio of flow acceleration during unsteady movement to the centrifugal acceleration due to streamlines bending over the cylinder. The experimental data were generalized as a dependency of the average heat transfer on the new dimensionless criterion. The generalization offered a correction factor to a traditional relation for heat transfer between a cylinder and air flow past the cylinder; this correction takes into account the effect of parameters of forced flow pulsations on the average heat transfer.     

脉动热管的结构改进及其传热特性的实验研究

通过观察脉动热管的运行过程,并分析其存在的缺点,提出对脉动热管的结构进行改进,合理匹配各通道内的 流动阻力,实现工质在热管里的稳定单向流动,以改善加热段的供液情况,提高脉动热管传热性能。并对充灌率、倾角和 通道大小对改进型脉动热管的传热性能的影响进行了实验研究。     

非牛顿流体沿竖直平板自然对流传热的计算研究

非牛顿幂次流体沿竖直平板层流自然对流为非线性两点边值问题,其速度场与温度场需耦合求解。采用几种数值方法对该问题进行了计算,研究了各种普朗特数(Pr)及不同幂次流体对沿壁面平均努赛尔数(Nu)的影响变化,并与有关文献的结果进行了对比分析。     

圆管层流脉冲流动对流换热数值分析

对等热流和等壁温边界条件下圆管内层流脉冲流动对流换热问题进行了数值模拟。在等热流边界条件下的数值计算结果与理论解吻合很好。计算结果表明:在等热流和等壁温边界下脉冲流动可引起速度、温度以及努塞尔数随时间波动,振幅越大,脉冲频率越小,波动越大。但它们的时均值均等于在相同雷诺数下稳态流动的值,脉冲流动不能强化换热。     

Modeling of complex flows and heat transfer

This paper presents the numerical modeling of complex flows and heat transfer. The Finite Analytic method is used to discretize the transport equations. The diagonal Cartesian method is proposed to model fluid flows and heat transfer over complex geometries. A three-dimensional channel flow with conjugate heat transfer is simulated. By the diagonal Cartesian method and 5-point Finite Analytic scheme, a grooved channel flow and flow in a casting bank at different Reynolds numbers are modeled. Simulations by both the diagonal Cartesian method and the traditional saw-tooth Cartesian method indicates the diagonal Cartesian method improves the modeling of flows, due to the more accurate approximation of complex boundaries. Heat transfer in two-dimensional finned compact heat exchanger is also studied. An improved heat exchanger is proposed based on the numerical prediction of heat transfer.     

Turbulent periodic flow and heat transfer in a rectangular channel with detached V-baffles

This paper presents a numerical analysis of turbulent periodic flow and heat transfer in a rectangular channel with detached V-baffles. The computations are based on the finite volume method with the SIMPLE algorithm for handling the pressure–velocity coupling and using the QUICK scheme for the convection terms. Air is used as the test fluid with the air flow rate in terms of Reynolds numbers ranging from 3000 to 20,000. The effects of different detached-clearance ratios (c/H, CR) of 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2, baffles-pitch to square channel-diameter ratio (pitch ratio (p/H), PR) is 1.0, baffles-height to square channel-diameter ratio (blockage ratio (b/H), BR) is 0.10, and attack angle (α) is 45? on heat transfer, friction factor and thermal enhancement factor are investigated numerically. It is found that a pair of counter-rotating vortices (P-vortex) caused by the baffles can induce impingement/attachment flows repeatedly on the rectangular channel walls leading to a greater increase in the heat transfer over the test channel. The maximum thermal performance and heat transfer are found to be about 1.5 and 3.3, respectively for CR = 0.05 and Re = 3000, while the highest pressure loss is about 21.5 in the case of CR = 0.2 and Re = 20,000.     

格子Boltzmann方法分析加热尺寸和瑞利数对可变形开口腔内自然对流的影响

采用格子Boltzmann方法对可变形腔体内自然对流问题进行数值研究，给出平均努赛尔数的经验关系式.腔体左壁加热长度分为左壁面的整个区域（H）和左壁面的中间区域（0.5H）两种情况，右壁向外界环境开放，上下边界绝热且可以上下移动，以此调节右出口尺寸.主要研究瑞利数（10⁴ ≤ Ra ≤ 10⁶），右出口尺寸（1.0H ≤ L ≤ 2.0H），左壁加热尺寸（L_h=0.5H或L_h=H）对腔体内等温线、流线、局部努塞尔数和平均努赛尔数的影响.结果表明：腔体内换热随着瑞利数的增大越来越强烈，表现为椭圆形准静止区域更加靠近上绝热壁，且热分层厚度逐渐变小，平均努赛尔数增加.而右出口尺寸的增加，对于两种加热尺寸下腔内的换热效果有不同程度影响，其中与加热尺寸为左壁面的全部区域L_h=H相比，加热尺寸为左壁面的中间情况L_h=0.5H时，右侧开口尺寸的增加对换热效果的影响不显著.此外，左壁加热尺寸为0.5H时显示出比加热尺寸为H时更高的平均传热效率.最后，针对不同的加热尺寸，提出加热面平均努赛尔数与Ra数及右壁面开口尺寸L^*之间函数关系的经验预测，拟合效果满足工程实践与设计需要.