Theoretical Study About Effects of H2O and Na+ on Adsorption of CO2 on Kaolinite Surfaces

The density functional theory(DFT) was used to investigate the adsorptions of carbon dioxide(CO₂) on kaolinite surfaces and the influences of Na⁺ and H₂O on the adsorption. Both cluster and periodic models of kaolinite were considered. The calculated results indicate that stable complexes can be formed between adsorbed CO₂ and the surfaces of kaolinite in the presence or absence of sodium cation and water molecule. The Al-O octahedral surface has a larger adsorption affinity for CO₂ than the Si-O tetrahedral surface of kaolinite because the hydroxyl groups of kaolinite Al-O surface present more activity than the basal O atoms of the Si-O tetrahedral surface in the inter-molecular interactions. The existence of exchangeable sodium cations exerts the significant effect on the adsorption of CO₂ with the dramatic increase of the adsorption energy, while the presence of water molecule decreases the adsorption strength insignificantly. The calculated Gibbs free energies of the adsorption reveal that the adsorptions of CO₂ on all the investigated kaolinite surfaces are feasible thermodynamically in the gas phase. Surface free energy was calculated to provide the predictions of the surface stability as a function of temperature.     

CO分子在不同类型Al2O3表面的吸附构型和电子结构

采用基于赝势平面波基组的密度泛函理论方法对CO分子在α-Al₂O₃（0001）以及γ-Al₂O₃的（100）、（110C）、（110D）表面上的吸附构型和电子结构进行系统研究.计算结果表明,CO倾向于选取C端吸附在表层Al原子上,并主要通过其5σ轨道与表面发生作用,吸附后部分电子从CO转移到底物,导致各Al₂O₃表面功函均发生不同程度的下降,与气相相比,吸附后CO分子的C-O伸缩振动频率均发生蓝移.通过对比CO在各表面上的吸附情况,可以看出CO可作为检测Al₂O₂不同类型表面活性中心的有效探针分子.     

Adsorption of O, H, OH, and H2O on Ag(100)

The adsorption of H(2)O and its dissociation products, O, H, and OH, on Ag(100) has been studied using an ab initio embedding method. Results at different sites (atop, bridge, and hollow) are presented. The four-fold hollow site is found to be the most stable adsorption site for O, H, and OH, and the calculated adsorption energies are 87.1, 42.7, and 76.2 kcal mol(-1), respectively. The adsorption energy of water at the atop and bridge sites is almost identical with values of 11.1 and 12.0 kcal mol(-1), respectively. The formation of adsorbed OH species by adsorption of water on oxygen-precovered Ag(100) is predicted to be exothermic by 36 kcal mol(-1).     

Adsorption and Reactions of N2O on Transition Metal Surfaces

Data on the interaction of nitrous oxide with polycrystalline and low-index single crystal surfaces of transition metals (Cu, Ag, Pt, Pd, Ni, W, Ir, Rh, and Ru) are reviewed. The kinetics of N₂O adsorption, desorption, and dissociation N₂O on these surfaces, as well as the energetics and mechanisms of these processes, are considered. New calculated data on the energetics of nitrous oxide transformations on (111) single crystalline transition metal surfaces are reported.     

湿气源吸附碳捕集: CO2/H2O共吸附机制及应用

大型湿气源排放中普遍存在的水汽是制约吸附碳捕集规模化发展的重要挑战之一。H₂O的极性往往会导致吸附材料的CO₂捕集率降低甚至出现失效,也会造成捕集系统产生温降、压降等寄生损失,甚至形成设备腐蚀、吸附剂中毒等不利影响,最终额外能耗和成本大幅提高。为解决上述挑战,深入理解CO₂与H₂O共吸附过程的作用机制,据此开发成本合理、再生能耗低且对水气不敏感的高效CO₂吸附剂及吸附技术是实现湿气源下高效吸附碳捕集的重要途径。目前,由于分散在多个领域且各有侧重,关于H₂O对CO₂吸附影响的机制分析缺乏汇总与概括,难以形成相对统一的观点。本文针对CO₂与H₂O共吸附过程,从宏观与微观层面进行了详细综述。首先,基于共吸附机制的基础研究,依次介绍了竞争吸附、变湿吸附和呼吸效应领域的研究进展并进行了简要评价。其次,基于共吸附的应用研究,阐述了湿气源CO₂捕集技术的吸附剂研发与工艺改进两部分的现状及进展,也对不同湿气源下CO₂捕集水平进行了简要评价。最后,总结了目前研究中的不足之处并展望了未来的研究方向。本文将分散于各领域的CO₂与H₂O共吸附过程进行集中归纳、分析和对比,或可为湿气源碳捕集技术提供有效的指导。     

Photocatalytic Oxidation of CO on TiO2: Chemisorption of O2, CO,and H2

On the surface : Adsorption of O₂ at the surface oxygen vacancy (SOV) sites of TiO₂ reconstructs the lattice oxygen (healing SOVs), resulting in a decrease of the photocatalytic activity of oxidizing CO over vacuum‐pretreated TiO₂ with increasing temperature (see scheme). Adsorption of H₂ produces new SOVs at the TiO₂ surface and stabilizes the photocatalytic activity.

     

Elaborated Reaction Pathway of Photothermal Catalytic CO2 Conversion with H2O on Gallium Oxide-Decorated and -Defective Surfaces

Ga₂O₃-decorated and -defective surface models based on anatase TiO₂ have been established. The thermodynamic reaction pathways, including protonation, deoxygenation and hydroxylation steps, during CO₂ conversion with H₂O to C₁ products were calculated. The calculation results demonstrate that a Ga₂O₃ cocatalyst enhances the selective adsorption of CO₂ and slightly weakens the competitive adsorption of H₂O. The promotion effect of Ga₂O₃ on the subsequent reaction depends on the availability of protons and electrons. Free-energy calculations revealed that the basic functional site generated by Ga₂O₃ not only suppresses the back reaction of the OH group after H₂O directly provides protons but also maintains the surface defect oxygen vacancy (V_O), which promotes the reaction thermodynamics but tends to be consumed in the process. Additionally, Ga₂O₃ decoration promotes V_O formation, and the coexistence of Ga₂O₃ and V_O further decreases the reaction rate-determining step energy barrier, promoting C₁ production.     

NOx/CO2/H2O在BaO(001)表面吸附的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究了NOx/CO2/H2O在BaO(001)表面不同覆盖度下的吸附情况.计算表明NO以N端吸附在表面氧位,形成NO22-吸附物种;CO2以C端吸附在表面氧位,形成表面CO32-;而H2O在表面发生解离吸附,导致BaO表面的羟基化.NO2有两种主要的吸附模式:以N端吸附在表面氧位,或以O端吸附表面Ba位.各物种在表面的吸附顺序为:NO≈H2O相似文献   

Adsorption, desorption, and clustering of H2O on Pt111

The adsorption, desorption, and clustering behavior of H2O on Pt111 has been investigated by specular He scattering. The data show that water adsorbed on a clean Pt111 surface undergoes a structural transition from a random distribution to clustered islands near 60 K. The initial helium scattering cross sections as a function of temperature are found to be insensitive to the incident H2O flux over a range of 0.005 monolayers (ML)/s-0.55 ML/s indicating that the clustering process is more complex than simple surface diffusion. The coarsening process of an initially random distribution of water deposited at 25 K is found to occur over a broad temperature range, 60相似文献   

O_2和CO在Co_2B_2/TiO_2和Co_2B_2Pt/TiO_2表面吸附的密度泛函研究

 采用密度泛函理论探讨了 TiO2 表面负载 Co2B2 和 Co2B2Pt 合金簇可能的负载构型. 结果表明, Co2B2 和 Co2B2Pt 合金簇倾向于以两个 Co 的形式负载在两个氧上. 态密度分析发现, 负载后, Co2B2 合金簇中部分 Co 原子和 B 原子成键加强, Co2B2Pt 合金簇中 Pt 原子和 B 原子成键也加强, 形成新的轨道. CO 和 O2 在 Co2B2/TiO2 和 Co2B2Pt/TiO2 表面吸附的结果表明, Co2B2Pt/TiO2 催化氧化 CO 性能的提高是由于 Pt 原子提高了 Co2B2 合金簇吸附 CO 和 O2 的能力.     

H2在WO3表面解离吸附反应的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理方法对H2在WO3表面的解离吸附反应进行了研究.首先通过清洁表面模型的计算,证明了c(2×2)重构表面是最稳定的WO3(001)表面构型;进而研究了4种可能的H2解离吸附模型,结果表明最可能的吸附反应为两个氢原子吸附在表面O1c原子上,氢原子被氧化在表面形成水,同时伴随着产生一个表面氧空位.态密度结果表明氢的吸附导致体系能带下移,导带部分填充电子,从而阐明了实验中WO3吸附H2后电导率上升的微观机理.     

Density Functional Theory Studies on the Adsorption of CO2 on Different CaO Surfaces

Carbon dioxide adsorbed on different kinds of CaO surfaces has been investigated with the help of the first principle density functional theory plane wave calculations. Various possible configurations have been considered and the calculated results showed that CO2 was strongly adsorbed by C atom bonded with the CaO （001） and （110） surfaces with adsorption energies of 1.38 and 3.22 eV, respectively. The adsorption of CO2 molecule on defect surfaces is complicated compared with that on the pristine surfaces. The adsorption energy of CO2 absorbed on the CaO（110） surface is larger than that of CaO（001） surface when the type of defect surface is the same.     

Adsorption of CO and O2 on W2C(0001)

CO, O(2), and H(2) adsorption on a clean W(2)C(0001)√13×√13 R ± 13.9° reconstructed surface at room temperature (RT) were investigated using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS). The W(2)C(0001) adsorbs CO molecularly and adsorbs O(2) dissociatively, but does not adsorb H(2) at RT. In the CO adsorption system, two C-O stretching (antisymmetric CCO stretching) modes were found at 242.3 meV (1954 cm(-1)) and at 253.0 meV (2041 cm(-1)). The low-frequency site is occupied at first with subsequent conversion to the high-frequency site with increasing coverage. Additionally, a small peak was apparent at 104.5 meV (843 cm(-1)), and a middle peak at 50-51 meV (400-410 cm(-1)), which are assignable to a symmetric stretching mode and a hindered translational mode, respectively, of a CCO (ketenylidene) species. These observations are consistent with the CO adsorption model on top of the surface carbon. For oxygen adsorption, two adsorption states were found at 65.2-68.1 meV (526-549 cm(-1)) and 73.6 meV (594 cm(-1)): typical frequencies to oxygen adsorption on metal surfaces. Results suggest that atomic oxygen adsorption occurred on a threefold hollow site of the second W layer.     

还原温度对Ni／Al2O3催化剂上H2,CO吸附的影响

采用程序升温还原与程序升温逐步活化、Ｈ２、ＣＯ室温吸附、Ｈ２程序升温脱附相结合的方法，研究了Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上还原活化温度对其吸脱附性能的影响．实验发现，Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上，在不同温度还原的不同Ｎｉ氧化物物种，经相应温度活化后可形成不同性质的Ｈ２、ＣＯ吸附中心．催化剂经５２３Ｋ及５７３Ｋ活化后可形成极细的与Ａｌ２Ｏ３有一定相互作用的吸附中心，在这类中心上，Ｈ２的室温吸附量极小，但有一定的高温Ｈ２吸附量，且高温吸附的Ｈ２要在较高温度下才能脱附，ＣＯ在其上则可能是按单金属中心多ＣＯ方式吸附的．催化剂经６７３Ｋ和７２３Ｋ活化后均形成较强的Ｈ２、ＣＯ吸附中心，ＣＯ在这些中心上可能是按线式和桥式两种方式吸附的．催化剂经６７３Ｋ活化后，形成的中心上吸附的Ｈ２可在相对较低的温度下脱附．Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３经７７３Ｋ处理会发生烧结，因而丧失室温Ｈ２、ＣＯ吸附能力．     

Adsorption and Vibration of O on the Pt Stepped Surfaces

1 INTRODUCTION Atom adsorption on transition metal surfaces has attracted special attention as a basis for understand- ing the fundamental processes of oxidative cataly- sis. An oxygen-covered platinum surface for example, plays a central role in several important reactions, such as oxidation of carbon monoxide[1]. Moreover, the behavior of oxygen in the proximity of surface defects like kinks and steps is a central issue in understanding the chemisorption processes on ca- talytic surfaces…     

Pt（111）表面上一氧化碳的吸附与氧化反应

Ｐｔ（１１１）表面上一氧化碳的吸附与氧化反应１）刘金尧（清华大学一碳化工国家重点实验室北京１０００８４）ＸｕＭＺａｅｒａＦ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙｏｆＣａｌｉｆｏｒｎｉａＲｉｖｅｒｓｉｄｅＣＡ９２５２１）关键词...     

Separation of H2O/CO2 Mixtures with Layered Adsorption Method for Greenhouse Gas Control

Multiple-layered vacuum swing adsorption technique was used and investigated in order to effectively keep the feed gas that flows into zeolite 13X zone being dry and keep the CAPEX down(not adding pre-treatment equipment). Activated carbon fiber(ACF) and alumina CDX were laid at the lower parts of the column as pre-layers to selectively adsorb moisture. Zeolite 13X was laid on the top of those two adsorbents as the main layer to capture CO₂. Systematic cyclic experiments show that water vapor was successfully contained within the ACF and CDX layers at cyclic steady states. It was also found that ultimate vacuum pressure played a decisive factor for stabilizing the water front, and achieving good CO₂ purity and recovery. The findings also reveal the pathway for large-scale CO₂ capture process.     

CO2/H2在不同形态ZrO2上的吸附行为

利用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术(FT-IR)考察了CO2和CO2＋H2在不同形态氧化锆上的吸附和转化行为，结果表明,氧化锆的形态影响CO2的吸附形式和表面物种的生成.无定型氧化锆上主要生成碳酸氢盐和离子碳酸盐，单斜氧化锆上还出现了双齿碳酸盐，而在四方氧化锆上出现最强的线式吸附CO2，并生成聚碳酸盐.在氢气存在的条件下，单斜氧化锆上生成甲烷而在四方氧化锆上则生成甲酸盐.     

高效锂离子筛吸附剂MnO2·0.5H2O的软化学合成及吸附性能研究

以MnCl2·4H2O,LiOH·H2O等试剂为初始原料,采用溶胶-凝胶、水热处理、固化等软化学合成步骤制备了锂离子筛前驱体Li1.6Mn1.6O4,并经稀盐酸抽锂后得到了高选择性锂离子筛吸附剂MnO2·0.5H2O.着重对合成过程中锂锰比,氧化剂用量等因素影响进行了探讨,并对所制备吸附剂的吸附性能进行了研究.结果表明,经软化学合成步骤制备的锂离子筛对Li 有良好的吸附量和选择性,在未来从海水、卤水等液态锂资源富集或提取锂的应用中具有很大的潜力.