Existence of Feller Cocycles on a C*-Algebra

The quantum stochastic differential equation is considered on a unital C^*-algebra, with separablenoise dimension space. Necessary conditions on the matrix ofbounded linear maps for the existence of a completely positivecontractive solution are shown to be sufficient. It is knownthat for completely positive contraction processes, k satisfiessuch an equation if and only if k is a regular Markovian cocycle.‘Feller’ refers to an invariance condition analogousto probabilistic terminology if the algebra is thought of asa non-commutative topological space. 2000 Mathematics SubjectClassification 81S25, 46L07, 46L53, 47D06.     

A Generic Identification Theorem for Groups of Finite Morley Rank

The paper contains a final identification theorem for the ‘generic’K^*-groups of finite Morley rank.     

Quadratisation de Certaines Structures de Poisson

On sait associer à certaines structures de Poisson surRⁿ, de 1-jet nul en 0, des actions de R² sur Rⁿ, donnéespar le ‘rotationnel’ de leur partie quadratiqueet un autre champ de vecteurs. Lorsque ces actions sont ‘nonrésonantes’ et ‘hyperboliques’, onmontre que ces structures sont ‘quadratisables’,en ce sens qu'il existe des coordonnées dans lesquelles,elles sont quadratiques. Dans le cas de la dimension 3, nosrésultats mènent à la ‘non-dégénérescence’générique des structures de Poisson quadratiquesà rotationnels inversibles. We can associate with some Poisson structures defined on Rⁿwith a zero 1-jet at zero, actions from R² on Rⁿ, given by the‘curl’ of their quadratic part and another vectorfield. Assuming that those actions are ‘hyperbolics’and without ‘resonances’, we give a normal formfor those structures. On R³, we prove that every quadratic Poissonstructure with invertible curl, is generically ‘non degenerate’.     

Approximately Local Derivations

Certain linear operators from a Banach algebra A into a BanachA-bimodule X, which are called approximately local derivations,are studied. It is shown that when A is a C^*-algebra, a Banachalgebra generated by idempotents, a semisimple annihilator Banachalgebra, or the group algebra of a SIN or a totally disconnectedgroup, bounded approximately local derivations from A into Xare derivations. This, in particular, extends a result of B.E. Johnson that ‘local derivations on C^*-algebras arederivations’ and provides an alternative proof of it.     

Linear Systems and Quotients of Projective Space

A complete characterization of the categorical quotients of(P¹)ⁿ by the diagonal action of SL(2, C) with respect to anypolarization is given by M. Polito, in ‘SL(2, C)-quotientsde (P¹)ⁿ’, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I 321 (1995)1577–1582. In this paper, these categorical quotientsare obtained by certain linear systems on P^n–3, dependingon the given polarization. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification14L24, 14L30     

Morita Equivalence for Locally C*-Algebras

The concept of Morita equivalence is generalized to the contextof locally C^*-algebras. This generalizes a well-known theoremof Brown, Green and Rieffel, Pacific J. Math. 71 (1977) 349–363.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 46L08, 46L05.     

Reduced-basis output bound methods for parabolic problems

^** Email: rovas{at}uiuc.edu^*** Email: luc_machiels{at}mckinsey.com^**** Corresponding author. Email: maday{at}ann.jussieu.fr In this paper, we extend reduced-basis output bound methodsdeveloped earlier for elliptic problems, to problems describedby ‘parameterized parabolic’ partial differentialequations. The essential new ingredient and the novelty of thispaper consist in the presence of time in the formulation andsolution of the problem. First, without assuming a time discretization,a reduced-basis procedure is presented to ‘efficiently’compute accurate approximations to the solution of the parabolicproblem and ‘relevant’ outputs of interest. In addition,we develop an error estimation procedure to ‘a posteriorivalidate’ the accuracy of our output predictions. Second,using the discontinuous Galerkin method for the temporal discretization,the reduced-basis method and the output bound procedure areanalysed for the semi-discrete case. In both cases the reduced-basisis constructed by taking ‘snapshots’ of the solutionboth in time and in the parameters: in that sense the methodis close to Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD).     

Morita Equivalence of Operator Algebras and Their C*-Envelopes

If two operator algebras A and B are strongly Morita equivalent(in the sense of [5]), then their C*-envelopes C*(A) and C*(B)are strongly Morita equivalent (in the usual C*-algebraic sensedue to Rieffel). Moreover, if Y is an equivalence bimodule fora (strong) Morita equivalence of A and B, then the operation,Y_hA–, of tensoring with Y, gives a bijection between theboundary representations of C*(A) for A and the boundary representationsof C*(B) for B. Thus the ‘noncommutative Choquet boundaries’of Morita equivalent A and B are the same. Other important objectsassociated with an operator algebra are also shown to be preservedby Morita equivalence, such as boundary ideals, the Shilov boundaryideal, Arveson's property of admissability, and the latticeof C*-algebras generated by an operator algebra. 1991 MathematicsSubject Classification 47D25, 46L05, 46M99, 16D90.     

The Kissing Numbers of Convex Bodies -- A Brief Survey

Nearly four hundred years ago, the cubic close-packing of equalspheres in R³ was discovered by Kepler [21], in which each spheretouches 12 others. In 1694, Gregory and Newton discussed thefollowing thirteen spheres problem. Can a rigid material spherebe brought into contact with 13 other such spheres of the samesize? Gregory believed ‘yes’, while Newton thought‘no’. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classication 11H31,52C17.     

The Martin Boundary and Ratio Limit Theorems for Killed Random Walks

It is shown that if S is an aperiodic random walk on the integers,S* is the Markov chain that arises when S is killed when itleaves the non-negative integers, and H⁺ is the renewal processof weak increasing ladder heights in S, then there is a 1:1correspondence between functions which are non-negative andsuperregular for S* and H⁺. This allows all the regular functionsfor S* to be described, and thus a result due to Spitzer tobe completed for the recurrent case. This result is then appliedto give a ratio limit theorem for P_x(*=n)/P₀{*=n}, where * isthe lifetime of S*, in the case when S drifts to –, andthe right-hand tail of its step distribution is ‘locallysub-exponential’.     

On the Stable Rank of Algebras of Operator Fields Over an N-Cube

Let A be a unital maximal full algebra of operator fields withbase space [0, 1]^k and fibre algebras . It is shown in this paper that the stable rankof A is bounded above by the quantity , where ‘sr’ means stable rank. Usingthe above estimate, the stable ranks of the C*-algebras of the(possibly higher rank) discrete Heisenberg groups are computed.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 47L99.     

On the Morita Equivalence of Tensor Algebras

We develop a notion of Morita equivalence for general C^*-correspondencesover C^*-algebras. We show that if two correspondences are Moritaequivalent, then the tensor algebras built from them are stronglyMorita equivalent in the sense developed by Blecher, Muhly andPaulsen. Also, the Toeplitz algebras are strongly Morita equivalentin the sense of Rieffel, as are the Cuntz–Pimsner algebras.Conversely, if the tensor algebras are strongly Morita equivalent,and if the correspondences are aperiodic in a fashion that generalizesthe notion of aperiodicity for automorphisms of C^*-algebras,then the correspondences are Morita equivalent. This generalizesa venerated theorem of Arveson on algebraic conjugacy invariantsfor ergodic, measure-preserving transformations. The notionof aperiodicity, which also generalizes the concept of fullConnes spectrum for automorphisms, is explored; its role inthe ideal theory of tensor algebras and in the theory of theirautomorphisms is investigated. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification:46H10, 46H20, 46H99, 46M99, 47D15, 47D25.     

C*-Categories

The purpose of this paper is to give a detailed study of thebasic theory of C^*-categories. The study includes some examplesof C^*-categories that occur naturally in geometric applications,such as groupoid C^*-categories, and C^*-categories associatedto structures in coarse geometry. We conclude the paper witha brief survey of Hilbert modules over C^*-categories. 2000 MathematicalSubject Classification: 18D99, 46L05, 46L08.     

On a Product Formula for Unitary Groups

For any nonnegative self-adjoint operators A and B in a separableHilbert space, the Trotter-type formula is shown to converge strongly in the norm closureof dom (A^1/2) dom (B^1/2 for some subsequence and for almostevery t R. This result extends to the degenerate case, andto Kato-functions following the method of T. Kato (see ‘Trotter'sproduct formula for an arbitrary pair of self-adjoint contractionsemigroup’, Topics in functional analysis (ed. M. Kac,Academic Press, New York, 1978) 185–195). Moreover, therestrictions on the convergence can be removed by consideringfunctions other than the exponential. 2000 Mathematics SubjectClassification 47D03 (primary), 47B25 (secondary).     

One-Factorizations of Complete Graphs with a Doubly Transitive Automorphism Group

It is shown that a 1-factorization of K_n with a doubly transitiveautomorphism group on vertices is either the affine line-parallelismof AG(d, 2), or one of three ‘sporadic’ exampleswith n = 6, 12 or 28. The full automorphism groups are respectivelyAGL (d, 2) (the holomorph of an elementary abelian group oforder 2^d), PGL(2,5), PSL(2,11) and PL(2,8).     

C*-Algebras with Dense Nilpotent Subalgebras

In a beautiful result, Herrero (D. A. Herrero, ‘Normallimits of nilpotent operators’, Indiana Univ. Math. J.23 (1973/74) 1097–1108) showed that a normal operatoron l² lies in the closure of the set of nilpotent operatorsif and only if its spectrum is connected and contains zero.In the quest for an automatic continuity result for algebrahomomorphisms between C* -algebras, Dales showed that, if adiscontinuous algebra homomorphism : A u exists between C*-algebrasA and u, and if (A) is dense in u, then there is a C*-algebrau₂ with a dense subalgebra N u² such that every x N is quasinilpotent(see p. 685 of H. G. Dales, Banach algebras and automatic continuity,London Mathematical Society Monographs 24, Oxford UniversityPress, 2001). (A discontinuous homomorphism ₂: A₂ u₂ can bedefined with the same basic properties as , but the revisedtarget space u₂ has a dense subalgebra consisting of quasinilpotentelements.) As remarked by Dales, no such C*-algebra was thenknown; but here we present one. Indeed, using the full powerof Herrero's result, one may arrange that every x N is nilpotent.The C*-algebra is constructed in a ‘neat’ way; itis most naturally constructed as a non-separable, concrete C*-algebraof operators on a separable Hilbert space K but one can arrangethat the algebra u itself be separable if desired. 2000 MathematicsSubject Classification 47C15, 46H40 (primary), 47A10, 46L06,46L05, 46H35 (secondary).     

Wild Spectral Behaviour of Anharmonic Oscillators

We show that the norms of the sequence of spectral projectionsof certain non-self-adjoint ordinary differential operatorscannot be polynomially bounded. The proof involves the investigationof ‘tame’ bi-orthogonal systems in Banach spaces.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 34L10, 46B15.     

Transformations Between Sturm-Liouville Problems with Eigenvalue Dependent and Independent Boundary Conditions

Explicit relationships are given connecting ‘almost’isospectral Sturm-Liouville problems with eigen-value dependent,and independent, boundary conditions, respectively. Applicationis made to various direct and inverse spectral questions. 2000Mathematics Subject Classification 34B24, 34L05, 47E05.     

Grothendieck's Inequalities for Real and Complex JBW*-Triples

We prove that, if and >0, if V and W are complex JBW*-triples (with preduals V_* andW_*, respectively), and if U is a separately weak*-continuousbilinear form on V x W, then there exist norm-one functionals₁, ₂ V_* and ₁, ₂ W_* satisfying for all (x, y) V x W. Here, for a norm-one functional on acomplex JB*-triple V, |·| stands for the prehilbertianseminorm on V associated to given by for all x W, where z V^** satisfies z = |z| =1. We arrive at this form of ‘Grothendieck's inequality’through results of C.-H. Chu, B. Iochum, and G. Loupias, andan amended version of the ‘little Grothendieck's inequality’for complex JB*-triples due to T. Barton and Y. Friedman. Wealso obtain extensions of these results to the setting of realJB*-triples. 2000 Mathematical Subject Classification: 17C65,46K70, 46L05, 46L10, 46L70.     

Propagation of Smallness for Harmonic and Analytic Functions in Arbitrary Domains

In this paper the authors develop a new approach to the problemof ‘propagation of smallness’ for harmonic functionsin arbitrary domains, in Rⁿ (n 2). The main result of thispaper is a certain logarithmic-convexity relation for the L²-normsof harmonic functions. As a consequence, new kinds of uniquenessresults for harmonic functions are obtained. The method worksalso for analytic functions in C, with L^p-norms (p > 0).1991 Mathematics Subject Classification 31B05.