Some Artin-Schreier type function fields over finite fields with prescribed genus and number of rational places

We give existence and characterization results for some Artin-Schreier type function fields over finite fields with prescribed genus and number of rational places simultaneously.     

Generalised Kummer constructions and Weil restrictions

We use a generalised Kummer construction to realise all but one known weight four newforms with complex multiplication and rational Fourier coefficients in Calabi-Yau threefolds defined over Q. The Calabi-Yau manifolds are smooth models of quotients of the Weil restrictions of elliptic curves with CM of class number three.     

Bounding the number of points on a curve using a generalization of Weierstrass semigroups

In this article we use techniques from coding theory to derive upper bounds for the number of rational places of the function field of an algebraic curve defined over a finite field. The used techniques yield upper bounds if the (generalized) Weierstrass semigroup (J Pure Appl Algebra 207(2), 243–260, 2006) for an n-tuple of places is known, even if the exact defining equation of the curve is not known. As shown in examples, this sometimes enables one to get an upper bound for the number of rational places for families of function fields. Our results extend results in (J Pure Appl Algebra 213(6), 1152–1156, 2009).     

The genus fields of Kummer function fields

In this paper, we give a definition of genus field of function field with one variable over finite fields. And we explicitly describe the genus fields of Kummer function fields. For quadratic function fields case, our results are analogous to the genus fields of quadratic number fields.     

Curves with Many Points and Configurations of Hyperplanes over Finite Fields

We establish a correspondence between a class of Kummer extensions of the rational function field and configurations of hyperplanes in an affine space. Using this correspondence, we obtain explicit curves over finite fields with many rational points. Some of our examples almost attain the Oesterlé bound.     

Finite number of fibre products of Kummer covers and curves with many points over finite fields

We study fibre products of a finite number of Kummer covers of the projective line over finite fields. We determine the number of rational points of the fibre product over a rational point of the projective line, which improves the results of Özbudak and Temür (Appl Algebra Eng Commun Comput 18:433–443, 2007) substantially. We also construct explicit examples of fibre products of Kummer covers with many rational points, including a record and two new entries for the current table (http://www.manypoints.org, 2011).     

Asymptotically good towers of function fields with small p-rank

Over any quadratic finite field we construct function fields of large genus that have simultaneously many rational places, small p-rank, and many automorphisms.     

On the tensor rank of the multiplication in the finite fields

First, we prove the existence of certain types of non-special divisors of degree g−1 in the algebraic function fields of genus g defined over Fq. Then, it enables us to obtain upper bounds of the tensor rank of the multiplication in any extension of quadratic finite fields Fq by using Shimura and modular curves defined over Fq. From the preceding results, we obtain upper bounds of the tensor rank of the multiplication in any extension of certain non-quadratic finite fields Fq, notably in the case of F₂. These upper bounds attain the best asymptotic upper bounds of Shparlinski-Tsfasman-Vladut [I.E. Shparlinski, M.A. Tsfasman, S.G. Vladut, Curves with many points and multiplication in finite fields, in: Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1518, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1992, pp. 145-169].     

Genus fields of Kummer extensions of rational function fields

In this paper we obtain the genus field of a general Kummer extension of a global rational function field. We study first the case of a general Kummer extension of degree a power of a prime. Then we prove that the genus field of a composite of two abelian extensions of a global rational function field with relatively prime degrees is equal to the composite of their respective genus fields. Our main result, the genus of a general Kummer extension of a global rational function field, is a direct consequence of this fact.     

K3 surfaces, rational curves, and rational points

We prove that for any of a wide class of elliptic surfaces X defined over a number field k, if there is an algebraic point on X that lies on only finitely many rational curves, then there is an algebraic point on X that lies on no rational curves. In particular, our theorem applies to a large class of elliptic K3 surfaces, which relates to a question posed by Bogomolov in 1981.     

Links between associated additive Galois modules and computation of H for local formal group modules

Using the methods described in the papers (Documenta Math. 5 (2000) 657; Local Leopoldt's problem for ideals in p-extensions of complete discrete valuation fields, to appear), we prove that a cocycle for a formal group in a Galois p-extension of a complete discrete valuation field is a coboundary if and only if the corresponding group algebra elements increase valuations by a number that is sufficiently large. We also calculate the valuation of the splitting element of a coboundary. A special case of the main theorem allows us to determine when a p-extension of a complete discrete valuation fields contains a root of a Kummer equation for a formal group. The theorem of Coates-Greenberg for formal group modules in deeply ramified extensions is generalized to noncommutative formal groups. Some results concerning finite torsion modules for formal groups are obtained.     

On some questions related to the Gauss conjecture for function fields

We show that, for any finite field Fq, there exist infinitely many real quadratic function fields over Fq such that the numerator of their zeta function is a separable polynomial. As pointed out by Anglès, this is a necessary condition for the existence, for any finite field Fq, of infinitely many real function fields over Fq with ideal class number one (the so-called Gauss conjecture for function fields). We also show conditionally the existence of infinitely many real quadratic function fields over Fq such that the numerator of their zeta function is an irreducible polynomial.     

Orbits of points on certain K3 surfaces

In this paper we show that, for a K3 surface within a certain class of surfaces and over a number field, the orbit of a point under the group of automorphisms is either finite or its exponent of growth is exactly the Hausdorff dimension of a fractal associated to the ample cone. In particular, the exponent depends on the geometry of the surface and not its arithmetic. For surfaces in this class, the exponent is 0.6527±0.0012.     

Torsion points on elliptic curves over function fields and a theorem of Igusa

If F   is a global function field of characteristic p>3$p>3$, we employ Tate's theory of analytic uniformization to give an alternative proof of a theorem of Igusa describing the image of the natural Galois representation on torsion points of non-isotrivial elliptic curves defined over F. Along the way, using basic properties of Faltings heights of elliptic curves, we offer a detailed proof of the function field analogue of a classical theorem of Shafarevich according to which there are only finitely many F-isomorphism classes of admissible elliptic curves defined over F with good reduction outside a fixed finite set of places of F. We end the paper with an application to torsion points rational over abelian extensions of F.     

Pure Anderson motives over finite fields

In the arithmetic of function fields Drinfeld modules play the role that elliptic curves take on in the arithmetic of number fields. As higher dimensional generalizations of Drinfeld modules, and as the appropriate analogues of abelian varieties, G. Anderson introduced pure t-motives. In this article we study the arithmetic of the latter. We investigate which pure t-motives are semisimple, that is, isogenous to direct sums of simple ones. We give examples for pure t-motives which are not semisimple. Over finite fields the semisimplicity is equivalent to the semisimplicity of the endomorphism algebra, but also this fails over infinite fields. Still over finite fields we study the Zeta function and the endomorphism rings of pure t-motives and criteria for the existence of isogenies. We obtain answers which are similar to Tate's famous results for abelian varieties.     

Function field genus theory for non-Kummer extensions

In this paper we first obtain the genus field of a finite abelian non-Kummer l–extension of a global rational function field. Then, using that the genus field of a composite of two abelian extensions of a global rational function field with relatively prime degrees is equal to the composite of their respective genus fields and our previous results, we deduce the general expression of the genus field of a finite abelian extension of a global rational function field.     

A note on the Mordell-Weil rank modulo n

Conjecturally, the parity of the Mordell-Weil rank of an elliptic curve over a number field K is determined by its root number. The root number is a product of local root numbers, so the rank modulo 2 is (conjecturally) the sum over all places of K of a function of elliptic curves over local fields. This note shows that there can be no analogue for the rank modulo 3, 4 or 5, or for the rank itself. In fact, standard conjectures for elliptic curves imply that there is no analogue modulo n for any n>2, so this is purely a parity phenomenon.     

Ring structures on groups of arithmetic functions

Using the theory of Witt vectors, we define ring structures on several well-known groups of arithmetic functions, which in another guise are formal Dirichlet series. The set of multiplicative arithmetic functions over a commutative ring R is shown to have a unique functorial ring structure for which the operation of addition is Dirichlet convolution and the operation of multiplication restricted to the completely multiplicative functions coincides with point-wise multiplication. The group of additive arithmetic functions over R also has a functorial ring structure. In analogy with the ghost homomorphism of Witt vectors, there is a functorial ring homomorphism from the ring of multiplicative functions to the ring of additive functions that is an isomorphism if R is a Q-algebra. The group of rational arithmetic functions, that is, the group generated by the completely multiplicative functions, forms a subring of the ring of multiplicative functions. The latter ring has the structure of a Bin(R)-algebra, where Bin(R) is the universal binomial ring equipped with a ring homomorphism to R. We use this algebra structure to study the order of a rational arithmetic function, as well the powersfα for α∈Bin(R) of a multiplicative arithmetic function f. For example, we prove new results about the powers of a given multiplicative arithmetic function that are rational. Finally, we apply our theory to the study of the zeta function of a scheme of finite type over Z.