Poincaré duality algebras mod two

We study Poincaré duality algebras over the field F₂ of two elements. After introducing a connected sum operation for such algebras we compute the corresponding Grothendieck group of surface algebras (i.e., Poincaré algebras of formal dimension 2). We show that the corresponding group for 3-folds (i.e., algebras of formal dimension 3) is not finitely generated, but does have a Krull-Schmidt property.We then examine the isomorphism classes of 3-folds with at most three generators of degree 3, provide a complete classification, settle which such occur as the cohomology of a smooth 3-manifold, and list separating invariants.The closing section and Appendix A provide several different means of constructing connected sum indecomposable 3-folds.     

Principal Borel ideals and Gotzmann ideals

In this paper we characterize all principal Borel ideals with Borel generator up to degree 4 which are Gotzmann. We also classify principal Borel ideals with a Borel generator of degree d which are lexsegment and we describe the shadows of principal Borel ideals. Finally, we discuss the corresponding results for squarefree monomial ideals.Received: 10 May 2002     

Koszul incidence algebras, affine semigroups, and Stanley-Reisner ideals

We prove a theorem unifying three results from combinatorial homological and commutative algebra, characterizing the Koszul property for incidence algebras of posets and affine semigroup rings, and characterizing linear resolutions of squarefree monomial ideals. The characterization in the graded setting is via the Cohen-Macaulay property of certain posets or simplicial complexes, and in the more general nongraded setting, via the sequential Cohen-Macaulay property.     

Derivations and right ideals of algebras

Let R be a K-algebra acting densely on V_D, where K is a commutative ring with unity and V is a right vector space over a division K-algebra D. Let ρ be a nonzero right ideal of R and let f(X₁,…,X_t) be a nonzero polynomial over K with constant term 0 such that μR≠0 for some coefficient μ of f(X₁,…,X_t). Suppose that d:R→R is a nonzero derivation. It is proved that if rankd(f(x₁,…,x_t))?m for all x₁,…,x_t∈ρ and for some positive integer m, then either ρ is generated by an idempotent of finite rank or d=ad(b) for some b∈End(V_D) of finite rank. In addition, if f(X₁,…,X_t) is multilinear, then b can be chosen such that rank(b)?2(6t+13)m+2.     

Gröbner-Shirshov bases for associative algebras with multiple operators and free Rota-Baxter algebras

In this paper, we establish the Composition-Diamond lemma for associative algebras with multiple linear operators. As applications, we obtain Gröbner-Shirshov bases of free Rota-Baxter algebra, free λ-differential algebra and free λ-differential Rota-Baxter algebra, respectively. In particular, linear bases of these three free algebras are respectively obtained, which are essentially the same or similar to the recent results obtained by K. Ebrahimi-Fard-L. Guo, and L. Guo-W. Keigher by using other methods.     

The Golod property for powers of ideals and Koszul ideals

Let S be a regular local ring or a polynomial ring over a field and I be an ideal of S. Motivated by a recent result of Herzog and Huneke, we study the natural question of whether $I^m$ is a Golod ideal for all $m\ge 2$. We observe that the Golod property of an ideal can be detected through the vanishing of certain maps induced in homology. This observation leads us to generalize some known results from the graded case to local rings and obtain new classes of Golod ideals.     

The multiplicity and the Cohen-Macaulayness of extended Rees algebras of equimultiple ideals

Let I be an equimultiple ideal of Noetherian local ring A. This paper gives some multiplicity formulas of the extended Rees algebras T=A[It,t^-1]. In the case A generalized Cohen-Macaulay, we determine when T is Cohen-Macaulay and as an immediate consequence we obtain e.g., some criteria for the Cohen-Macaulayness of Rees algebra R(I) over a Cohen-Macaulay ring in terms of reduction numbers and ideals.     

Stillman's question for exterior algebras and Herzog's conjecture on Betti numbers of syzygy modules

Let K be a field of characteristic 0 and consider exterior algebras of finite dimensional K-vector spaces. In this short paper we exhibit principal quadric ideals in a family whose Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity is unbounded. This negatively answers the analogue of Stillman's Question for exterior algebras posed by I. Peeva. We show that, via the Bernstein–Gel'fand–Gel'fand correspondence, these examples also yields counterexamples to a conjecture of J. Herzog on the Betti numbers in the linear strand of syzygy modules over polynomial rings.     

Poincaré series of modules over compressed Gorenstein local rings

Given two positive integers e and s we consider Gorenstein Artinian local rings R   whose maximal ideal m$\mathfrak{m}$ satisfies m^s≠0=m^s+1${\mathfrak{m}}^s\ne 0={\mathfrak{m}}^{s+1}$ and _rankR/m(m/m²)=e${\mathrm{rank}}_{R/\mathfrak{m}}(\mathfrak{m}/{\mathfrak{m}}^2)=e$. We say that R is a compressed Gorenstein local ring   when it has maximal length among such rings. It is known that generic Gorenstein Artinian algebras are compressed. If s≠3$s\ne 3$, we prove that the Poincaré series of all finitely generated modules over a compressed Gorenstein local ring are rational, sharing a common denominator. A formula for the denominator is given. When s is even this formula depends only on the integers e and s  . Note that for s=3$s=3$ examples of compressed Gorenstein local rings with transcendental Poincaré series exist, due to Bøgvad.     

Int-decomposable algebras

Let D be a Dedekind domain with fraction field k. Let A be a D-algebra that, as a D-module, is free of finite rank. Let B be the extension of A to a k-algebra. The set of integer-valued polynomials over A   is defined to be Int(A)={f∈B[x]|f(A)⊆A}$\mathrm{Int}(A)=\{f\in B[x]|f(A)\subseteq A\}$. Restricting the coefficients to elements of k  , we obtain the commutative ring _Intk(A)={f∈k[x]|f(A)⊆A}${\mathrm{Int}}_k(A)=\{f\in k[x]|f(A)\subseteq A\}$; this makes Int(A)$\mathrm{Int}(A)$ a left _Intk(A)${\mathrm{Int}}_k(A)$-module. Previous researchers have noted instances when a D-module basis for A   is also an _Intk(A)${\mathrm{Int}}_k(A)$-basis for Int(A)$\mathrm{Int}(A)$. We classify all the D-algebras A   with this property. Along the way, we prove results regarding Int(A)$\mathrm{Int}(A)$, its localizations at primes of D, and finite residue rings of A.     

Frobenius structural matrix algebras

We discuss when the incidence coalgebra of a locally finite preordered set is right co-Frobenius. As a consequence, we obtain that a structural matrix algebra over a field k is Frobenius if and only if it consists, up to a permutation of rows and columns, of diagonal blocks which are full matrix algebras over k.     

Integral closure of invariant ideals, toroidal resolution, and equivariant vector bundles

We establish a connection between equivariant integrally closed ideal sheaves on a G-fibration Y over a G-spherical variety X with an affine fiber V and equivariant vector bundles on the universal toroidal resolution of X. As an application, we reduce the study of invariant integrally closed ideals of V×X to that of some smaller variety in the case of X=M_n,m. Moreover, we present an affirmative answer to a problem raised by Michel Brion [Comment. Math. Helv. 66 (1991) 237-262] for two special infinite series.     

Finitely presented algebras and groups defined by permutation relations

The class of finitely presented algebras over a field K with a set of generators a₁,…,a_n and defined by homogeneous relations of the form a₁a₂?a_n=a_σ(1)a_σ(2)?a_σ(n), where σ runs through a subset H of the symmetric group Sym_n of degree n, is introduced. The emphasis is on the case of a cyclic subgroup H of Sym_n of order n. A normal form of elements of the algebra is obtained. It is shown that the underlying monoid, defined by the same (monoid) presentation, has a group of fractions and this group is described. Properties of the algebra are derived. In particular, it follows that the algebra is a semiprimitive domain. Problems concerning the groups and algebras defined by arbitrary subgroups H of Sym_n are proposed.     

On the multiplicity and the Cohen-Macaulayness of fiber cones of graded algebras

Let A be a Noetherian local ring with the maximal ideal m and an m-primary ideal J. Let S=?_n≥0S_n be a finitely generated standard graded algebra over A. Set S⁺=?_n>0S_n. Denote by F_J(S)=?_n≥0→(S_n/JS_n) the fiber cone of S with respect to J. The paper characterizes the multiplicity and the Cohen-Macaulayness of F_J(S) in terms of minimal reductions of S⁺.     

Cartan determinants for gentle algebras

The determinant of the Cartan matrix of a finite dimensional algebra is an invariant of the derived category and can be very helpful for derived equivalence classifications. In this paper we determine the determinants of the Cartan matrices for all gentle algebras. This is a class of algebras of tame representation type which occurs naturally in various places in representation theory. The definition of these algebras is of a purely combinatorial nature, and so are our formulae for the Cartan determinants.Received: 29 October 2004     

A Grothendieck module with applications to Poincaré rationality

In this paper, we define a Grothendieck module associated to a Noetherian ring A. This structure is designed to encode relations between A-modules which can be responsible for the relations among Betti numbers and therefore rationality of the Poincaré series. We will define the Grothendieck module, demonstrate that the condition of being torsion in the Grothendieck module implies rationality of the Poincaré series, and provide examples. The paper concludes with an example which demonstrates that the condition of being torsion in the Grothendieck module is strictly stronger than having rational Poincaré series.     

The inversion formula for automorphisms of the Weyl algebras and polynomial algebras

Let A_n be the nth Weyl algebra and P_m be a polynomial algebra in m variables over a field K of characteristic zero. The following characterization of the algebras {A_n⊗P_m} is proved: an algebraAadmits a finite setδ₁,…,δ_sof commuting locally nilpotent derivations with generic kernels andiffA?A_n⊗P_mfor somenandmwith2n+m=s, and vice versa. The inversion formula for automorphisms of the algebra A_n⊗P_m (and for ) has been found (giving a new inversion formula even for polynomials). Recall that (see [H. Bass, E.H. Connell, D. Wright, The Jacobian Conjecture: Reduction of degree and formal expansion of the inverse, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. (New Series) 7 (1982) 287-330]) given, then (the proof is algebro-geometric). We extend this result (using [non-holonomic] D-modules): given, then. Any automorphism is determined by its face polynomials [J.H. McKay, S.S.-S. Wang, On the inversion formula for two polynomials in two variables, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 52 (1988) 102-119], a similar result is proved for .One can amalgamate two old open problems (the Jacobian Conjecture and the Dixmier Problem, see [J. Dixmier, Sur les algèbres de Weyl, Bull. Soc. Math. France 96 (1968) 209-242. [6]] problem 1) into a single question, (JD): is aK-algebra endomorphismσ:A_n⊗P_m→A_n⊗P_man algebra automorphism providedσ(P_m)⊆P_mand? (P_m=K[x₁,…,x_m]). It follows immediately from the inversion formula that this question has an affirmative answer iff both conjectures have (see below) [iff one of the conjectures has a positive answer (as follows from the recent papers [Y. Tsuchimoto, Endomorphisms of Weyl algebra and p-curvatures, Osaka J. Math. 42(2) (2005) 435-452. [10]] and [A. Belov-Kanel, M. Kontsevich, The Jacobian conjecture is stably equivalent to the Dixmier Conjecture. ArXiv:math.RA/0512171. [5]])].     

On Macaulay duals of Hilbert ideals

In this note we present some computational tools to aide in the determination of Macaulay inverses of Hilbert ideals of finite groups and related ideals.     

Koszul duality for extension algebras of standard modules

We define and investigate a class of Koszul quasi-hereditary algebras for which there is a natural equivalence between the bounded derived category of graded modules and the bounded derived category of graded modules over (a proper version of) the extension algebra of standard modules. Examples of such algebras include, in particular, the multiplicity free blocks of the BGG category O, and some quasi-hereditary algebras with Cartan decomposition in the sense of König.