Fluctuation around horizon on a Schwarzschild black hole using the null geodesic method

Using the null geodesic method, Hawking radiation from the horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole is calculated. The thermodynamics can be built successfully on the horizon where the apparent horizon and event horizon are coincident with each other. When a relativistic perturbation is given to the horizon, the first law of thermodynamics can also be constructed at a new supersurface near the horizon successfully. The expressions of the characteristic position and temperature are consistent with the previous result while the thermodynamics was built on the event horizon in a Vaidya black hole. Therefore, the thermodynamics of a dynamical black hole should be constructed on the apparent horizon exactly, and the event horizon thermodynamics is just one of the perturbations near the apparent horizon.     

Hawking radiation from the charged and magnetized BTZ black hole via covariant anomaly

This paper discusses Hawking radiation from the charged and magnetized Ba?ados--Teitelboim--Zanelli (BTZ) black hole from the viewpoint of anomaly, initiated by Robinson and Wilczek recently. It reconstructs the electromagnetic field tensor and the Lagrangian of the field corresponding to the source with electric and magnetic charges to redefine an equivalent charge and gauge potential. It employs the covariant anomaly cancellation method to determine the compensating fluxes of charge flow and energy-momentum tensor, which are shown to match with those of the 2-dimensional blackbody radiation at the Hawking temperature exactly.     

从乌龟坐标在动态Vaidya黑洞上的推广谈起

从一类参数未定的一般形式的乌龟坐标变换出发, 找出了在动态Vaidya黑洞背景下能将波动方程化为标准形式且无发散的乌龟坐标所满足的条件. 结果表明, 以乌龟坐标变换为主要特征的Damour-Ruffini方法, 用来计算动态黑洞的Hawking辐射时, 只适用于事件视界, 无法应用于表观视界.     

包围有暗能量黑洞的Hawking辐射修正

运用由Banerjee和Majhi所发展的非半经典近似的Hamiliton-Jacobi方法,计算了被暗能量包围的黑洞温度和熵,得到了修正后的温度和熵.在修正后的熵中,面积定理包含面积对数修正和面积幂的倒数。     

Hawking radiation from a five-dimensional Lovelock black hole

We investigate Hawking radiation from a five-dimensional Lovelock black hole using the Hamilton–Jacobi method. The behavior of the rate of radiation is plotted for various values of the ultraviolet correction parameter and the cosmological constant. The results show that, owing to the ultraviolet correction and the presence of dark energy represented by the cosmological constant, the black hole radiates at a slower rate in comparison to the case without ultraviolet correction or cosmological constant. Moreover, the presence of the cosmological constant makes the effect of the ultraviolet correction on the black hole radiation negligible.     

Hawking radiation from Kerr--Newman--Kasuya black hole via quantum anomalies

We have studied the Hawking radiation of the Kerr-Newman-Kasuya black hole via gauge and gravitational anomaly in the dragging coordinates. The fluxes of the electromagnetic current and the energy momentum tensor for each partial wave in two-dimensional field are obtained.     

Non-thermal Hawking radiation from the Kerr black hole

We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation by using the Damour-Ruffini method, as taking into account the self-gravitational interaction from the Kerr black hole. It is found that the radiation is not exactly thermal, and because the derivation obeys conservation laws, the non-thermal Hawking radiation can carry information from the black hole. So it can be used to explain the black hole information paradox, and the process satisfies unitary.     

Non-thermal Hawking radiation from the Kerr black hole

We present a short and direct derivation of Hawking radiation by using the Damour-Ruffini method, as taking into account the self-gravitational interaction from the Kerr black hole. It is found that the radiation is not exactly thermal, and because the derivation obeys conservation laws, the non-thermal Hawking radiation can carry information from the black hole. So it can be used to explain the black hole information paradox, and the process satisfies unitary.     

动态球对称Einstein-Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons黑洞的霍金辐射

用Hamilton-Jacobi方法研究了动态球对称Einstein-Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons 黑洞事件视界处的隧穿辐射特征及其黑洞事件视界处的温度. 其结果表明,黑洞温度及隧穿率与黑洞的固有性质及其动态特征有关. 这对于进一步研究动态黑洞的热力学性质及其相关问题是有意义的. 其方法的重要意义在于研究这类动态黑洞的霍金辐射时, 不仅适用于标量场隧穿辐射的情形, 同时也适用于研究旋量场、矢量场以及引力波的隧穿辐射. 关键词： Einstein-Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons黑洞 霍金隧穿辐射 Hamilton-Jacobi方程     

Non-equilibrium Landauer transport model for Hawking radiation from a Reissner—Nordstrom black hole

The recent work of Nation et al., in which the Hawking radiation energy and entropy flow from a black hole is considered to be produced in a one-dimensional Landauer transport process, is extended to the case of a Reissner- Nordstrom black hole. The energy flow contains not only the contribution of the thermal flux but also that of the particle flux. It is found that the charge can also be transported via the one-dimensional quantum tunnel. Because of the existence of the electrostatic potential, the entropy production rate is shown to be smaller than that of the Schwarzschild black hole.     

The thermodynamics in a dynamical black hole

Considering the back-reaction of emitting particles to the black hole, a “new” horizon is suggested where thermodynamics can be built in the dynamical black hole. It, at least, means that the thermodynamics of a dynamical black hole should not be constructed at the original event horizon any more. The temperature, “new” horizon position and radiating particles’ energy will be consistent again under the theory of equilibrium thermodynamical system.      

Hawking radiation from the with a global monopole via Schwarzschild black hole gravitational anomaly

This paper derives the Hawking flux from the Schwarzschild black hole with a global monopole by using Robinson and Wilczek＇s method. Adopting a dimensional reduction technique, it can describe the effective quantum field in the （3 ＋ 1）-dimensional global monopole background by an infinite collection of the （1 ＋ 1）-dimensional massless fields if neglecting the ingoing modes near the horizon, where the gravitational anomaly can be cancelled by the （1 ＋ 1）- dimensional black body radiation at the Hawking temperature.     

Hawking radiation from Kerr--Newman de Sitter black hole via anomalies

In this paper, Hawking radiation from the Kerr Newman de Sitter black hole is studied via gauge anomaly and gravitational anomaly. The obtained results of Hawking radiation from the event horizon and the cosmological horizon accord with those by other methods.     

直线加速Kinnersley黑洞中Dirac粒子的热辐射

在直线加速Kinnersley时空中,将相互耦合的Dirac方程化为二阶方程,采用新的乌龟坐标变换,在视界面附近消除二阶方程中的耦合化成了标准波动方程,得到辐射温度函数和Hawking热辐射谱. 关键词： 黑洞 Dirac方程 乌龟坐标变换 Hawking辐射     

直线加速Kinnersley黑洞中Dirac粒子的热辐射

在直线加速Kinnersley时空中，将相互耦合的Dirac方程化为二阶方程，采用新的乌龟坐标变换，在视界面附近消除二阶方程中的耦合化成了标准波动方程，得到辐射温度函数和Hawking热辐射谱.     

Hawking radiation via tunnelling from general stationary axisymmetric black holes

Hawking radiation is viewed as a tunnelling process. In this way the emission rates of massless particles and massive particles tunnelling across the event horizon of general stationary axisymmetric black holes are calculated, separately. The emission spectra of these two different kinds of outgoing particles have the same functional form and both are consistent with an underlying unitary theory.     

Massive particle radiation from Gibbons-Maeda black hole

This paper investigated the massive particle radiation from Gibbons-Maeda black hole by using a semi-classical method.The calculations showed that,if the self-gravitation of the radiated particle is taken into account,the radiation spectrum deviates from exact black body spectrum and the rate of tunneling equals precisely the exponent of the difference of the black hole entropies before and after emission.The conclusion supports the viewpoint of information conservation.     

任意加速带电动态黑洞中Dirac粒子的Hawking辐射

在任意加速带电动态时空中，选取零标架、计算出旋系数，把四个耦合的Dirac方程中化成两个耦合的方程，采用Tortoise坐标变换将其两个耦合的方程变换成Tortoise坐标下的形式，在黑洞视界面附近化成了典型的波动方程，得到在视界面附近Dirac粒子的Hawking辐射温度，成功地导出了Hawking热谱公式. 关键词： Dirac方程 Hawking辐射 黑洞 Tortoise坐标变换     

The relation between a black hole and a general blackbody system

Taking a black hole as a black body system, using general black body radiation theory, a Schwarzschild black hole and a Kerr--Newman black hole are investigated respectively. It is concluded that a black hole can be regarded as an ideal general black body system exactly for the changing process only. However, a stationary global black hole cannot be smoothly regarded as a general black body system. A black hole has some special characteristics which different from a general thermodynamics system. This conclusion means that a black hole should be inherently dynamical, at least when it is taken as a black body system.     

Hawking radiation of scalar and Dirac quanta from a Kerr black hole

Unruh’s technique of replacing collapse by boundary conditions on the past horizon (theξ-quantisation scheme) for the derivation of the well-known Hawking radiation is extended to the Kerr black hole for the scalar and especially for the spin half field. The expectation value of the energy momentum tensor is evaluated asymptotically in theξ-vacuum state yielding explicitly the net Hawking flux of scalar and spin half quanta. The appropriate statistical distribution that emerges naturally for Dirac quanta validates the ξ-scheme for fermions and confirms the association of temperature with a Kerr black hole.