Spreading of quasimodes in the Bunimovich stadium

We consider Dirichlet eigenfunctions of the Bunimovich stadium , satisfying . Write where is the central rectangle and denotes the ``wings,' i.e., the two semicircular regions. It is a topic of current interest in quantum theory to know whether eigenfunctions can concentrate in as . We obtain a lower bound on the mass of in , assuming that itself is -normalized; in other words, the norm of is controlled by times the norm in . Moreover, if is an quasimode, the same result holds, while for an quasimode we prove that the norm of is controlled by times the norm in . We also show that the norm of may be controlled by the integral of along , where is a smooth factor on vanishing at . These results complement recent work of Burq-Zworski which shows that the norm of is controlled by the norm in any pair of strips contained in , but adjacent to .

     

Henselian valuations and orderings of a commutative ring

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interplay between henselian valuations and orderings (or semiorderings) of a ring. As a main result, it is proved that for a henselian valuation on a ring , the following statements are equivalent: (1) is compatible with every semiordering of ; (2) is compatible with every ordering of ; (3) Every real prime ideal of is contained in the core of .

     

On a problem of D. H. Lehmer

Let be an odd prime number. For we denote the inverse of modulo by with . Given , we prove that in any range of length the probability that has the same parity as tends to as . This result was previously known only to hold true in the full range of length . We will also obtain quantitative results on the pseudorandomness of the sequence for which we estimate the well-distribution and correlation measures as defined by Mauduit and Sárközy (1997).

     

Lower degree bounds for modular vector invariants

Let be a finite group of order divisible by a prime acting on an vector space where is the field with elements and . Consider the diagonal action of on copies of This note sharpens a lower bound for for groups which have an element of order whose Jordan blocks have sizes at most 2.

     

A Schottky-type theorem for starlike domains in Banach spaces

We show that if is a starlike domain in a Banach space and is a family of holomorphic functions on that omit two distinct values and is bounded at the origin, then is uniformly bounded on each -bounded set.

     

More on partitioning triples of countable ordinals

Consider an arbitrary partition of the triples of all countable ordinals into two classes. We show that either for each finite ordinal  the first class of the partition contains all triples from a set of type  , or for each finite ordinal  the second class of the partition contains all triples of an -element set. That is, we prove that for each pair of finite ordinals and .

     

Sharp Marchaud and converse inequalities in Orlicz spaces

For spaces on , and , sharp versions of the classical Marchaud inequality are known. These results are extended here to Orlicz spaces (on , and ) for which is convex for some , , where is the Orlicz function. Sharp converse inequalities for such spaces are deduced.

     

On characterization and perturbation of local -semigroups

Let be a -group with generator , and let be a local -semigroup commuting with . Then the operators , , form a local -semigroup. It is proved that if is injective and is the generator of , then is closable and is the generator of . Also proved are a characterization theorem for local -semigroups with not necessarily injective and a theorem about solvability of the abstract inhomogeneous Cauchy problem:

     

Hypercyclicity in omega

A sequence of operators is said to be hypercyclic if there exists a vector , called hypercyclic for , such that is dense. A hypercyclic subspace for is a closed infinite-dimensional subspace of, except for zero, hypercyclic vectors. We prove that if is a sequence of operators on that has a hypercyclic subspace, then there exist (i) a sequence of one variable polynomials such that is hypercyclic for every fixed and (ii) an operator that maps nonzero vectors onto hypercyclic vectors for .

We complement earlier work of several authors.

     

Root closed function algebras on compacta of large dimension

Let be a Hausdorff compact space and let be the algebra of all continuous complex-valued functions on , endowed with the supremum norm. We say that is (approximately) -th root closed if any function from is (approximately) equal to the -th power of another function. We characterize the approximate -th root closedness of in terms of -divisibility of the first Cech cohomology groups of closed subsets of . Next, for each positive integer we construct an -dimensional metrizable compactum such that is approximately -th root closed for any . Also, for each positive integer we construct an -dimensional compact Hausdorff space such that is -th root closed for any .

     

A prediction problem in

For a nonnegative integrable weight function on the unit circle , we provide an expression for , in terms of the series coefficients of the outer function of , for the weighted distance , where is the normalized Lebesgue measure and ranges over trigonometric polynomials with frequencies in , , . The problem is open for .

     

Isomorphism of Borel full groups

Suppose that and are Polish groups which act in a Borel fashion on Polish spaces and . Let and denote the corresponding orbit equivalence relations, and and the corresponding Borel full groups. Modulo the obvious counterexamples, we show that .

     

Lightface -indescribable cardinals

-absoluteness for forcing means that for any forcing , . `` inaccessible to reals' means that for any real , . To measure the exact consistency strength of `` -absoluteness for forcing and is inaccessible to reals', we introduce a weak version of a weakly compact cardinal, namely, a (lightface) -indescribable cardinal; has this property exactly if it is inaccessible and .

     

Minimal rank and reflexivity of operator spaces

Let be an -dimensional space of linear operators between the linear spaces and over an algebraically closed field . Improving results of Larson, Ding, and Li and Pan we show the following.

Theorem. Let be a basis of . Assume that every nonzero operator in has rank larger than . Then a linear operator belongs to if and only if for every , is a linear combination of .

     

Dimension distortion of hyperbolically convex maps

In this note, we provide an answer to a question of D. Mejia and Chr. Pommerenke, by constructing a hyperbolically convex subdomain of the unit disc so that the conformal map from to maps a set of dimension 0 on to a set of dimension

     

A condition under which follows from

We will give some sufficient conditions for a -hyponormal operator, , to be normal, and a sufficient condition for a triplet of operators , , with , self-adjoint and unitary such that necessarily satisfies .

     

Algebraic reflexivity of linear transformations

Let be the set of all linear transformations from to , where and are vector spaces over a field . We show that every -dimensional subspace of is algebraically -reflexive, where denotes the largest integer not exceeding , provided is less than the cardinality of .

     

Factorization formulae on counting zeros of diagonal equations over finite fields

Let be the number of solutions of the equation over the finite field , and let be the number of solutions of the equation . If , let be the least integer represented by . and play important roles in estimating . Based on a partition of , we obtain the factorizations of and , respectively. All these factorizations can simplify the corresponding calculations in most cases or give the explicit formulae for in some special cases.

     

Mappings preserving spectra of products of matrices

Let be the set of complex matrices, and for every , let denote the spectrum of . For various types of products on , it is shown that a mapping satisfying for all has the form

for some invertible and scalar . The result covers the special cases of the usual product , the Jordan triple product , and the Jordan product . Similar results are obtained for Hermitian matrices.

     

Asymptotically harmonic spaces in dimension 3

Let be a Hadamard manifold of dimension whose sectional curvature satisfies and whose curvature tensor satisfies for suitable constants and . We show that is of constant sectional curvature provided is asymptotically harmonic. This was previously only known if admits a compact quotient.