Effective Field Theory and the Gamow Shell Model

We combine halo/cluster effective field theory (H/CEFT) and the Gamow shell model (GSM) to describe the 0⁺ ground state of ⁶He as a three-body halo system. We use two-body interactions for the neutron-alpha particle and two-neutron pairs obtained from H/CEFT at leading order, with parameters determined from scattering in the p_3/2 and s₀ channels, respectively. The three-body dynamics of the system is solved using the GSM formalism, where the continuum states are incorporated in the shell model valence space. We find that in the absence of three-body forces the system collapses, since the binding energy of the ground state diverges as cutoffs are increased. We show that addition at leading order of a three-body force with a single parameter is sufficient for proper renormalization and to fix the binding energy to its experimental value.     

Two-body forces and amplitudes in the three-body model for the4He(\vec d,pα)n reaction withE d =12 and 17 MeV

The⁴He( ,p)n cross section, vector and tensor analyzing-power data with 12 and 17 MeV deuterons at kinematic conditions including proton-alpha quasifree scattering, neutron-alpha and proton-alpha final-state interactions, as well as collinearity, are compared with the predictions of the three-body model using different nucleon-alpha and neutron-proton forces. In general, better two-body potentials give a better fit to the data, except for the vector analyzing-power data. The roles of the impulse and multiple-scattering amplitudes are studied to understand the sensitivity to two-body potentials and to understand the reason for the successes and the failures of the model.     

用拉曼光谱测定CCl_4散射介质的温度

作者发展了测量散射体温度的拉曼光谱方法,选用CCl4液体做散射介质,对它的217、315和459等三个散射带进行观测,分别记录它们的Stokes和AntiStokes分量的光谱强度,测量得到CCl4液体散射体的温度。实验结果显示,这种非接触光谱测量法具有重要的实用价值。     

Pair production of J/ψ as a probe of double parton scattering at LHCb

We argue that the recent LHCb observation of J/ψ-pair production indicates a significant contribution from double parton scattering, in addition to the standard single parton scattering component. We propose a method to measure the double parton scattering at LHCb using leptonic final states from the decay of two prompt J/ψ mesons.     

逆Compton散射的MonteCarlo模拟

研究模拟均匀、各向同性介质内的逆康普顿散射过程的Monte Carlo方法,分析电子速度分布乘抽样法和光子散射方向分布乘抽样法的抽样效率,完善电子速度分布的直接抽样法、光子散射能量分布的乘加抽样法.通过对这四种抽样方法抽样费用的分析和比较,得出各种方法的最适条件,该方法可以模拟更高能的辐射.     

Determination of g and mu using multiply scattered light in turbid media

We propose an inversion scheme to reconstruct the scattering coefficient mu and the anisotropy factor g that characterize the optical properties of a turbid medium. It is based on a theory for the scattering of light inside the medium from an angularly collimated light source. We demonstrate the feasibility of this method using light scattering data obtained from a Monte Carlo simulation.     

Interferometric determination of the s and d-wave scattering amplitudes in 87Rb

We demonstrate an interference method to determine the low-energy elastic scattering amplitudes of a quantum gas. We linearly accelerate two ultracold atomic clouds up to energies of 1.2 mK and observe the collision halo by direct imaging in free space. From the interference between s- and d- partial waves in the differential scattering pattern we extract the corresponding phase shifts. The method does not require knowledge of the atomic density. This allows us to infer accurate values for the s- and d-wave scattering amplitudes from the zero-energy limit up to the first Ramsauer minimum using only the van der Waals C6 coefficient as theoretical input. For the 87Rb triplet potential, the method reproduces the scattering length with an accuracy of 6%.     

Radiative properties of scattering and absorbing dense media: theory and experimental study

We investigate the validity of the radiative transfer equation to model transmission of light through an absorbing and scattering medium. Assuming that radiative transfer equation is valid, the inverse scattering problem for non-polarized radiative transfer in one-dimensional absorbing and scattering media is solved using a parameter identification method. We discuss how to identify the albedo, phase function and extinction coefficient of the medium. We present experimental data that confirm that this approach is robust and can be used to make reliable predictions of the behavior of scattering absorbing systems.     

Computer programs for light scattering by particles with inclusions

We present a comparison of computational results from light scattering by spherical particles with inclusions. The different simulation methods like the T-matrix method, multiple multipole method and the method of separation of variables are presented shortly. Exemplary numerical simulations involve scattering by particles with one or two spherical inclusions and scattering by particles with non-spherical inclusions.     

Dispersion relations of surface phonons from atomic scattering

We show the existence of a spatial forbidden zone for one-phonon atomic scattering by surfaces. In case of scattering by surface modes, this region is bounded by sharp observable maxima of the scattering intensity, whose angular locations depend only on the dispersion relation of the modes involved. A method for obtaining the dispersion relation of surface modes needing no measurement of scattering energies then follows. The method is applied to the He-NaF system.     

Observation of neutron truncation rod scattering

We report measurements of neutron truncation rod scattering. This surface-induced neutron scattering has been observed at the (111) surface of a perfect Si single crystal by a high-resolution three-crystal scattering experiment. We describe the details of the experiment and discuss the experimental findings within a kinematic approach. Possible applications of this new neutron scattering method lie in the field of surface magnetism and the study of surfaces of light-element systems.     

Immersing method for the multichannel scattering problem

We propose a method for solution of the multichannel scattering problem. In particular, the scattering problem is considered when a particle makes a finite motion in the transverse direction of the scattering. In this case the scattering becomes multichannel, which is connected with the presence of discrete energy levels of the transverse movement of the particle. For the case of two-channel scattering, the problem is formulated up to the end. A method for determination of scattering amplitudes for the potential V=V(x,y) is proposed.     

拉曼光谱测定散射介质的温度

本文发展了测量散射体温度的拉曼光谱方法,选用Ｓｒ（ＮＯ３）２粉晶做散射介质,观察到７３８ｃｍ＾－１,１０５７ｃｍ＾－１两个拉曼散射带,记录它们的Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ、Ａｎｔｉ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ分量的光谱强度,得到硝酸锶粉晶散射体的温度。实验结果显示,这种非接触光谱测温法具有重要的实用价值。     

Local solutions to high-frequency 2D scattering problems

We consider the solution of high-frequency scattering problems in two dimensions, modeled by an integral equation on the boundary of a smooth scattering object. We devise a numerical method to obtain solutions on only parts of the boundary with little computational effort. The method incorporates asymptotic properties of the solution and can therefore attain particularly good results for high frequencies. We show that the integral equation in this approach reduces to an ordinary differential equation.     

颗粒溶液颗粒尺寸及浓度的差分偏振弹性散射光谱在线分析方法

偏振弹性散射光谱技术的基本原理为在偏振光入射条件下,根据出射光的偏振特性不同可以筛选出浅表层组织的单次散射光信息和深层组织的漫散射光信息。该研究的创新点在于将这种方法应用于颗粒溶液检测,目的是在颗粒溶液原始状态下实现对颗粒尺寸及浓度的同时检测。设计了一个共轴笼式光学系统,测量了聚苯乙烯微球颗粒溶液某一角度的背向散射信号,通过控制入射端和收集端偏振片的偏振方向获得了颗粒溶液的偏振平行光谱与偏振垂直光谱,两者之差即偏振差分光谱对应颗粒的单次散射信息,将该单次散射信息与Mie散射数据库进行比对获得颗粒的尺寸,然后在颗粒尺寸作为已知的条件下进一步分析偏振垂直光谱,将该垂直光谱对应的颗粒溶液的漫散射信息代入光漫散射下的近似表达式拟合得到颗粒的浓度信息。将实验结果与样品提供值进行了比对,并进一步分析了在获取颗粒数浓度时,颗粒直径的方差分布对结果的影响,最终验证了该实验方法的可行性。该方法的潜在应用包括对标准颗粒制造厂商的产品在线检测以及对牛奶制品中脂肪和蛋白质的浓度检测研究。     

Numerical study of the characterization of forward scattering Mueller matrix patterns of turbid media with triple forward scattering assumption

We propose a triple forward scattering model to numerically investigate the forward scattering Mueller matrix of a turbid medium. The calculated results show that the Mueller matrix based on the triple scattering model can completely describe the basic symmetries and azimuthal structures of the forward scattering Mueller matrix of a turbid medium. The results show that the forward scattering Mueller matrix is characterized with special symmetric structure compared with backscattering Mueller matrix patterns. The method will extend the investigation to light scattering mechanism from cells and to diagnosis of diabetes and other blood related diseases.     

Multiple-discriminant analysis for light-scattering spectroscopy and imaging of two-layered tissue phantoms

We propose a new method for enhancing the sensitivity of the reflectance spectrum to the scattering feature of the superficial tissue layer. This method is based on multiple-discriminant analysis in the eigensubspace of the spectrum. Considering the application of scattering imaging, we evaluated this method by performing multispectral imaging of two-layered tissue phantoms. A color map converted from the spectral reflectance corresponds well to variations in the size of the scattering in the first layer.     

三维海洋波导中散射目标快速声学远场成像

研究用声传播远场分布信息成像海洋波导环境中三维散射目标的反问题,提出一种指示器样本成像方法,在不需要预先知道散射目标的任何声学和几何特性的情况下,可以快速得到其位置、形状等几何信息的一个理想的像.数值试验表明,该方法对成像海洋波导中三维散射目标是有效的,即使在有限孔径测量方式和具有噪声测量数据时,也能够得到散射目标的一个理想成像,表明海洋波导边界的多重反射效应对成像效果具有一定的正面影响.     

Solution to the inverse scattering problem for strongly fluctuating media using partially coherent light

We investigate the inverse scattering problem for statistically homogeneous, isotropic random media under conditions of strong fluctuations of optical wavefields. We present a method for determining the spectral density of the dielectric constant fluctuations in such media from scattering of partially coherent light. The method may find applications to a wide class of turbulent media such as the turbulent atmosphere and certain turbulent plasmas where backscattering and depolarization effects are negligible.     

Grouping and adding method for calculating light scattering by large fluffy aggregates

We present a method to derive the light scattering properties of very porous fractal aggregates composed of a large number of monomers where the size parameter of monomer is larger than unity. Our new method is based on the grouping of the aggregate: The aggregate is divided into groups, where each group is located along a line of the incident light, and the scattering properties of the group are calculated taking into account multiple scattering with monomers located inside the group, as well as those in a buffer region around the group. The scattering and absorption efficiencies are obtained by adding the resultant scattering properties for all the groups. We have shown that the method effectively works when the monomer scatters the incident lights predominantly in the forward direction, which is the case if the monomer size is large compared to the wavelength of the incident light.The errors in resulting scattering and absorption efficiencies for porous aggregates are investigated for various refractive indices and sizes of monomers. We found that the errors are larger for low absorbing materials and they can be reduced by expanding the buffer region. In the case of the buffer region for each group consisting of 1/8 of the total number of monomers, the results show errors less than 15% and 10% for absorption and scattering, respectively. It is also shown that the errors have a small standard deviation (i.e., 2%) for different directions of the incident light.