芘与1,4—二氰基苯形成的三分子激基复合物

本文用稳态和瞬态荧光光谱技术研究了芘与１，４－二氰基苯体系形成三分子激基复合物的条件。测定了该体系中激基缔合物，激基复合物，三分子激基复合物的稳态荧光光谱及荧光强度随时间变化的行为和特性，测定了芘在苯溶液中的荧光衰减寿命，讨论了三分子激基复合物形成的光物理机理。     

N-芳基-N＇-（4-乙氧基苯甲酰基）硫脲衍生物阴离子识别性能的光谱研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及^1H NMR考察了两种N-芳基-N＇-（4-乙氧基苯甲酰基）硫脲作为受体分子与F^-，Cl^-，Br^-，I^-，CH3COO^-，H2PO4^-，HSO4^-，NO3^-等阴离子的作用。结果表明，客体阴离子F^-，CH3COO^-，H2PO4^-可以与该类受体分子形成氢键配合物，溶液颜色由无色转变为黄色，而加入其他阴离子则无变化。测定了主客体配合物的稳定常数和化学配位比，对苯环上不同取代基的受体分子与不同阴离子客体的识别作用以及同一受体对不同阴离子的识别作用进行了比较，其识别性能呈现规律性变化，提出了可能的配合物的结合模式。     

N-芳基-N′-(4-乙氧基苯甲酰基)硫脲衍生物阴离子识别性能的光谱研究

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱及1H NMR考察了两种N-芳基-N′-(4-乙氧基苯甲酰基)硫脲作为受体分子与F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,CH₃COO-,H₂PO-₄,HSO-₄,NO-₃等阴离子的作用。结果表明,客体阴离子F-,CH₃COO-,H₂PO-₄可以与该类受体分子形成氢键配合物,溶液颜色由无色转变为黄色,而加入其他阴离子则无变化。测定了主客体配合物的稳定常数和化学配位比,对苯环上不同取代基的受体分子与不同阴离子客体的识别作用以及同一受体对不同阴离子的识别作用进行了比较,其识别性能呈现规律性变化, 提出了可能的配合物的结合模式。     

联萘基-芘衍生物结构和ECD光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法研究s-联萘基-芘分子结构、联萘二面角、能隙、电子的圆二色(electronic circular dichroism, ECD)光谱等性质,系统考察其溶剂效应和取代基效应.研究发现,在苯、四氯化碳、氯仿、环己烷和水五种溶剂中,s-联萘基-芘分子的结构和ECD光谱等性质均相似.然而,在氯基、甲基、羟基、甲氧基和苯基五种取代基中,苯基取代基可以调节s-联萘基-芘分子的结构和ECD光谱等性质.     

聚β-乙烯基萘与1,4-二氰基苯形成的三分子激基复合物

本文旨在研究聚β-乙烯基萘链内激发态缔合物与基态受体分子1,4-二氰基苯相互作用后,形成三分子激基复合物的机理,用稳态和时间分辨荧光光谱技术证明了分子间的三分子激基复合物形成机理:测定了分子内激基缔合物的形成速度; 三分子激基复合物的形成速度常数,详细讨论了由激发态激基缔合物形成分子间三分子激基复合物的处理模型。     

新型含芘荧光探针分子与蛋白质相互作用的光谱研究

利用荧光发射光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱,研究了新型含芘荧光探针分子芘丁酰谷氨酸(PLE)和芘甲酰谷氨酸(PYE)与溶菌酶(Lyso)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用,分析了结合过程和机理。结果显示:不同间隔链长度的探针分子在与Lyso作用时,表现的光谱性质差别不大,这主要是由于探针分子结合到了Lyso的表面;而不同间隔链长度的探针分子在与BSA作用过程中,却表现不同的光物理性质,这可能是探针分子作用于BSA空腔时其结合位点或者结合方式的不同引起的。目前的研究对揭示蛋白质分子的识别位点和定位切割具有重要的意义。     

利用19F NMR与荧光光谱法检测高分子酰胺化反应

通过血红素上羧基与端氨基聚乳酸上的氨基之间进行酰胺化反应,制得了血红素-聚乳酸分子.利用六氟异丙醇与端羧基反应生成六氟异丙醇酯,结合19F NMR峰面积积分的方法测定羧基含量,以荧光胺作为荧光试剂,采用荧光光谱法测定伯胺端基.进而,采用端基分析方法计算了血红素-聚乳酸的数均分子量,检测了血红素与聚乳酸1∶1和1∶2投料...     

2-[(4-羟基苯基)偶氮]蒽醌的合成及其阴离子识别

以酚羟基为识别位点,蒽醌基和偶氮基为信号报告基团,设计合成了识别阴离子的主体分子2-[(4-羟基苯基)偶氮]蒽醌.紫外-可见吸收光谱结果表明,在DMSO介质中,主体分子可以“裸眼”识别F-和Ac-,吸收光谱发生显著变化,溶液颜色由黄色变为蓝绿色,其它阴离子不影响其对F-和Ac-的识别.初步探讨了识别机理,表明主体分子与阴离子之间形成氢键促进了分子内电荷转移,使吸收光谱发生显著红移,溶剂对主体分子与阴离子之间的反应存在影响.     

Spectral Properties and Solubilization Location of 2'-Ethylhexyl 4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)benzoate in Micelles

在阳离子、非离子和阴离子表面活性剂胶束溶液中,研究了4-(N,N-二甲氨基)苯甲酸2'-乙基己基酯(EHDMAB)的双重荧光和紫外吸收．当EHDMAB增溶在不同的胶束溶液中,紫外吸收增强,在离子型胶束溶液中,可观察到具有较长波长的EHDMAB分子内扭转电荷转移(TICT)荧光,相反,在非离子型胶束溶液中,可观察到具有较短波长TICT荧光,特别是位于阳离子胶束Stern层中的吡啶阳离子可强烈猝灭EHDMAB分子的双重荧光,所吸收的紫外辐射主要通过TICT荧光和非辐射去活化衰减．按照EHDMAB分子TICT荧光在有机溶剂中的极性依赖性,EHDMAB分子的4-(N,N-二甲氨基)在离子型胶束和非离子型胶束中处于不同的极性环境;根据EHDMAB和表面活性剂分子的结构和大小分析,EHDMAB分子的4-(N,N-二甲氨基)应朝向胶束的极性头基团,而2'-乙基己基链则朝向疏水性的胶束内核．动态荧光猝灭测量为EHDMAB分子在不同胶束中的位置进一步提供了佐证．     

两种取代酞菁锌的合成及其光物理性质的研究

文章采用熔融法合成了两种通过不同基团连接的邻苯二甲酰亚胺取代酞菁锌,四-β-(邻苯二甲酰亚胺丁氧基)酞菁锌(1)和四-β-(邻苯二甲酰亚胺甲基)酞菁锌(2)。比较了两种不同的取代基连接方式对酞菁的电子吸收光谱、荧光光谱及荧光量子产率和产生单线态氧的能力的影响。结果表明：与无取代酞菁锌相比,四-β-(邻苯二甲酰亚胺丁氧基)酞菁锌(1)的电子光谱和荧光光谱的红移程度均大于四-β-(邻苯二甲酰亚胺甲基)酞菁锌(2)。由于1的给电子能力比2强,两种锌酞菁的荧光量子产率(Ф_F)的大小顺序为：1＞2,产生1O₂的能力的大小顺序为：2＞1。     

Infrared spectra of oxalate, malonate and succinate adsorbed on the aqueous surface of rutile, anatase and lepidocrocite measured with in situ ATR-FTIR

The adsorption of oxalate, malonate and succinate on anatase, rutile and lepidocrocite, was studied by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) at aqueous concentrations of 200 μM between pH 9 and 3. Clear spectral differences between the aqueous species and the surface adsorbed species for all three dicarboxylates are taken as strong evidence for inner-sphere adsorption. The characteristically different spectra on each oxide reveal surface specific interactions and could be used as a diagnostic tool, e.g., to probe the relative abundance of anatase and rutile on the surface of TiO₂ samples. Spectral changes between pH 7.0 and 3.0 show that two to three different surface complexes of oxalate and one to three surface complexes of malonate and succinate are formed on each of the three surfaces. While the exact structures of each complex can currently not be derived, important differences between the dicarboxylates can be identified. Only adsorbed oxalate exhibits two strong bands above 1670 cm⁻¹, as expected for a five- (bidentate chelating) or six-membered (bidentate bridging) ring structure with one oxygen of each carboxylic group coordinated to surface sites and two CO double bonds pointing away from the surface. The absence of clear CO double bond vibrations above 1620 cm⁻¹ show that malonate and succinate adsorb differently, with one or both of the carboxylic groups independently forming monodentate hydrogen bonded, bidentate chelating (four-ring) or bidentate bridging (five-ring) structures. Oxalate is the only one of the three dicarboxylates that formed additional surface complexes at low pH on rutile and anatase and lead to rapid dissolution of lepidocrocite below pH 5.0.     

Manifestation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds in the IR spectra of bioactive aminophenols

The intermolecular interactions in solutions of aminophenols in CCl₄ are studied by the methods of IR Fourier spectroscopy. If the hydroxyl groups of aminophenol molecules occupy the ortho positions with respect to the amino groups of the molecules, the hydroxyl and amino groups are involved in intramolecular interactions with the formation of hydrogen bonds O-H...N and N-H...O. The introduction of two additional tert-butyl groups into the structure of the aminophenol molecule facilitates the formation of O-H...N bonds and impedes the formation of N-H...O bonds. The occurrence of the carbonyl group in the structure of aminophenols leads to the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds O-H...O=C. The introduction of the methyl groups into carbonyl-containing aminophenols transforms the O-H...O=C bond into the hydrogen bond N-H...O=C.     

SERS as a probe for adsorbate orientation on silver nanoclusters

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has been used to characterize multilayers of three isomeric aromatic compounds adsorbed on silver nanoclusters. The three structural isomers, all of which adsorb in the carboxylate form onto the silver nanoclusters, bind in two different geometries to the silver surface. Different molecular configurations correlate to differences in bonding strength of these molecules to the silver surface, which can be probed by SERS. For ortho‐hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid), we observed red shifts of major SERS peaks in comparison to the normal Raman vibrations of nonadsorbed crystalline material. For this molecule the steric hindrance between the adjacent carboxylate and hydroxyl groups causes the carboxylate group to rotate from the common flat geometry of benzene substituents on surfaces and bond directly through one of the oxygen atoms to the surface. In this case, strong coordinative bonding between the carboxylate group and the metal surface causes the red shifts in the SERS peaks. For para‐, and meta‐hydroxybenzoic acid, the steric hindrance is less likely since the two functional groups are not at adjacent positions, and therefore these molecules adsorb on the silver surface in a totally flat geometry. For these molecules, in contrast to the ortho isomer, the CO₂ interacts with the surface through an extended π bond, and these molecules are physically adsorbed in the common flat position. Therefore, for the meta and para substituents, we do not observe significant red shifts in the SERS spectrum. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

表面活性剂及水溶性功能高分子的NMR研究

核磁共振（NMR）技术是研究表面活性剂在溶液中聚集状态的一种非常有用的工具,本文运用多种NMR技术研究了几种不同类型表面活性剂及水溶性功能高分子在水溶液中的聚集行为： 1. 季铵盐型双子表面活性剂16-4-16的聚集行为季铵盐型双子表面活性剂N,N′-双(十六烷基二甲基)-α,ω-丁烷溴化铵(16-4-16)分子中联接基团及靠近离子头的质子位于胶束的壳层, 运动受到一定限制. 而距离离子头较远的烷烃链位于胶束的内部,运动相对自由. 与对应的单链表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)相比,16-4-16形成的胶束堆积更为紧密. 通过NOESY谱中交叉峰强度的定量计算,认为16-4-16在胶束中分子以上下交错排列的方式形成球形聚集体.  2. 脱氧胆酸钠与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的相互作用在脱氧胆酸钠(NaDC)溶液中,NaDC质子H3与其他质子不同,其横向弛豫时间(T₂)表现为双指数衰减,表明此质子可能存在两种不同的状态. 实验证明,其它胆酸盐的H3的横向弛豫也呈现双指数衰减. 因此推测在胆酸盐的稀溶液中,3-OH质子和羰基氧之间有可能存在氢键作用,形成了头尾相连的分子对结构.  在NaDC和CTAB的混合溶液中,两者形成1∶1的混合胶束. 用NOESY和ROESY研究混合胶束的结构,显示CTAB的离子头位于NaDC的羧酸基团附近. 这可能是正负离子之间的静电性相互作用的结果.  3. 丙烯酰胺/丙烯酸模板共聚物的微结构研究了不同pH值条件下,丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸共聚物分子在水溶液中的聚集形态. 在酸性溶液中,分子内的氢键致使聚集体形成较为紧密的堆积,侧链的苯氧基团运动受阻;随着溶液pH值的增大,丙烯酸电离产生的阴离子使得分子间的静电斥力增大,分子链变得伸展,分子间的氢键作用导致了聚集体体积变大. 当溶液呈强碱性,丙烯酸完全电离,氢键作用力被破坏,分子呈现自由伸展的状态,侧链的苯氧基团运动相对自由.     

Intramolecular hydrogen bonds and antioxidant activity of aminophenols

We have used IR Fourier spectroscopy to study intramolecular interactions in solutions of aminophenols in n-hexane. When the hydroxyl group in the molecule is ortho to the amino group, O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed in the aminophenols. Adding two tert-butyl groups to the benzene ring of ortho-aminophenols strengthens the O-H⋯N bond in the molecules, and prevents formation of an N-H⋯O bond. Additional acylation of the amino group in ortho-aminophenols leads to formation of an O-H⋯O=C intramolecular hydrogen bond. Formation of the above-indicated intramolecular hydrogen bonds in aminophenols affects the course of radiation-induced reactions occurring in n-hexane with participation of these compounds. The antioxidant properties of the aminophenols are enhanced when the hydroxyl groups in the molecules are found in the free state, and are diminished when strong O-H⋯N or O-H⋯O=C intramolecular hydrogen bonds are formed. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 5, pp. 577–582, September–October, 2007.     

苝二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的氢键组装

用半经验AM1方法对苝二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的1:1及1:2氢键复合物进行理论研究,表明随着氢键数目增多,弱相互作用能变大,主体上的供电基和客体上的吸电基有利于氢键相互作用,氢键导致电子从主体流向客体.用INDO/SCI方法计算配合物的电子光谱,表明其长波吸收峰与主体相比发生兰移,各配合物的长波吸收峰位置相差不大,与实验一致.讨论吸收峰兰移的原因并对电子跃迁进行理论指认,同时得到了配合物的双质子转移势能曲线,给出了相对于N-H键的过渡态和活化能.     

花二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的氢键组装(英文)

用半经验AM1方法对苝二酸酐与嘧啶衍生物的1∶1及1∶2氢键复合物进行理论研究,表明随着氢键数目增多,弱相互作用能变大,主体上的供电基和客体上的吸电基有利于氢键相互作用,氢键导致电子从主体流向客体。用INDO／SCI方法计算配合物的电子光谱,表明其长波吸收峰与主体相比发生兰移,各配合物的长波吸收峰位置相差不大,与实验一致。讨论吸收峰兰移的原因并对电子跃迁进行理论指认,同时得到了配合物的双质子转移势能曲线,给出了相对于N-H键的过渡态和活化能。     

Hydrogen bonding in oxalic acid and its complexes: A database study of neutron structures

The basic result of carboxylic group that the oxygen atom of the -OH never seems to be a hydrogen bond acceptor is violated in the cases, namely urea oxalic acid and bis urea oxalic acid complexes, where the hydroxyl oxygen atom is an acceptor of a weak N—H… O hydrogen bond. The parameters of this hydrogen bond, respectively in these structures are: hydrogen acceptor distance 2.110 Å and 2.127 Å and the bending angle at hydrogen, 165.6° and 165.8°. The bond strength around the hydroxyl oxygen is close to 1.91 valence units, indicating that it has hardly any strength left to form hydrogen bonds. These two structures being highly planar, force the formation of this hydrogen bond. As oxalic acid is the common moiety, the structures of the two polymorphs, α-oxalic acid and β-oxalic acid, also were looked into in terms of hydrogen bonding and packing.     

Theoretical study of hydrogen adsorption in Ti-decorated capped carbon nanotube

We present ab initio study using dispersion-corrected density functional theory calculations to investigate the hydrogen interaction with Ti-coated, one end closed, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT). Our results demonstrate that a single Ti atom binds up to five hydrogen molecules on SWCNT cap top, whereas adsorption of four hydrogen molecules is energetically more favourable. The analyses from adsorption energy profile, highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital gap and Mulliken charge distribution show contrast in first hydrogen molecule adsorption compared with the rest of four configurations. This is clearly due to the strongly different bonding nature of first hydrogen adsorption among others, between hydrogen molecules and Ti-coated SWCNT. These results not only support our understanding of adsorption nature of hydrogen in Ti-coated SWCNTs but also suggest new directions for smart storage techniques.     

Temperature and hydration dependence of proton MAS NMR spectra in MCM-41: Model based on motion induced chemical shift averaging

The proton MAS NMR spectra in MCM-41 at low hydration levels (less than hydration amounting to one water molecule per surface hydroxyl group) show complex proton resonance peak structures, with hydroxyl proton resonances seen in dry MCM-41 disappearing as water is introduced into the pores and new peaks appearing, representing water and hydrated silanol groups. Surface hydroxyl group–water molecule chemical exchange and chemical shift averaging brought about by a water molecule visiting different surface hydrogen bonding sites have been proposed as possible causes for the observed spectral changes. In this report a simple model based on chemical shift averaging, due to the making and breaking of hydrogen bonds as water molecules move on the MCM-41 surface, is shown to fully reproduce the NMR spectra, both as a function of hydration and temperature. Surface proton–water proton chemical exchange is not required in this model at low hydration levels.