强阳离子多孔整体柱用于生物大分子的分离

以乙烯基酯树脂为单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯(EDMA)为交联剂,过二硫酸钾为引发剂,泊洛沙姆(PF127)为乳化剂,由原位聚合制备了聚(乙烯基酯树脂-二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯)整体柱,柱材由油包水(W/O)高内相比乳液聚合而得。用扫描电镜和压汞法考察了所得整体柱的结构及孔径分布情况。将该聚合物衍生化处理后制成强阳离子整体柱,考察其用于液相色谱中的分离能力。该柱可快速分离鸡蛋清中的溶菌酶,考察了缓冲盐浓度及pH对溶菌酶在柱上保留行为的影响;测定了该柱对溶菌酶的吸附能力,最大吸附量为1.23mg/g。     

D151阳离子交换树脂吸附Zwittermicin A的热力学

采用静态吸附法研究了D151阳离子交换树脂对Zwittermicin A的吸附过程的热力学性质。结果表明,在温度288、298和318 K和研究的浓度范围内,Zwittermicin A在D151阳离子交换树脂上吸附等温线均符合Freundlich吸附等温线方程。热力学参数表明,吸附过程是自发的、放热的优惠型吸附。     

Ce~(4+)改性阳离子交换树脂催化环氧化反应的研究

以732#强酸性阳离子交换树脂为载体,采用离子交换法合成了Ce4+改性离子交换树脂催化剂,考察了Ce4+浓度、吸附温度和pH值等因素对树脂改性的影响,并测试了催化剂的重复使用性能。结果表明,当Ce4+浓度为0.1mol/L左右,常温25℃、pH值接近中性时,Ce4+改性阳离子交换树脂的催化活性最佳,且重复使用6次仍保持较高的催化活性。试验利用红外光谱(FT-IR)、热重分析(TG)和能谱仪(EDS)等对改性树脂的结构进行分析表征,结果表明,改性后的树脂中氢元素大部分被Ce4+离子所替代,其酸性和稳定性均有所提高。将Ce4+改性732#阳离子交换树脂作为催化剂应用于生物柴油环氧化反应中,产物环氧值较高。     

聚丙烯酸弱酸性阳离子交换树脂对铕的吸附性能及机理

测定了弱酸性阳离子交换树脂对Eu~(3+)的交换容量(358.2mgEu~(3+)/g树脂),介质pH、温度、吸附时间等因素对吸附的影响。测得吸附速率常数K_(25℃)—1.66×10~(-3)S~(-1)、K_(28℃)—2.06×10~(-3)S~(-1)、K_(32℃)=2.44×10~(-3)S~(-1)。探讨了吸附机理。在不同浓度比范围,吸附过程中树脂功能基与Eu~(3+)的吸附摩尔比,[COOH]/[EU~(3+)],分别近于1、2、3。     

DuoliteA-30树脂对5’-三磷酸尿苷的静态吸附热力学及动力学特征

研究了DuoloyeA-30树脂对水溶液中5'-三磷酸尿苷(UTP)的静态吸附热力学和动力学特征,测定了不同温度下吸附等温线热力学性能的变化,利用热力学函数关系计算了吸附焓、自由能和吸附熵,确定在实验范围内,DuoliteA-30树脂对UTP的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附过程为自发的吸热过程.考察了温度、浓度、粒径、溶液pH值和搅拌速度对交换过程的影响,运用动边界模型(MBM)描述交换过程的动力学,确定在实验范围内离子交换行为的速度控制步骤为颗粒扩散,并推算出了交换过程的表观活化能,反应级数以及速率常数,得到了UTP在DuoliteA-30树脂上的动力学总方程.     

离子交换法提高L-赖氨酸回收率的一些研究

我们研究了某些阳离子交换树脂对L-赖氨酸吸附容量与实验条件如溶液的pH值、浓度和流量之间的关系,探索了应用铵式强酸性阳离子交换树脂提高L-赖氨酸回收率的某些途径。     

离子交换树脂脱除MDEA溶液中氯离子效果对比及其吸附行为研究

采用强碱性阴离子交换树脂开展醇胺溶液中Cl~-的吸附脱除效果评价。结果表明,SA17阴离子交换树脂具有对Cl~-的吸附能力强、工作交换容量大和交换速度快的优点,是适宜的脱Cl~-吸附剂。空速υ=10h~(-1)时,前60min内,SA17树脂对溶液中Cl~-的脱除率高达99%,吸附穿透曲线符合Thomas模型;吸附等温线Freundlich模型能较好反映SA17树脂的吸附行为,速率控制步骤为液膜扩散。SA17树脂吸附Cl~-过程,ΔG0,该吸附过程可自发进行;ΔH0,说明吸附过程放热,焓变值为-23.22k J/mol,说明该吸附过程为物理吸附;ΔS0,说明该树脂吸附MDEA溶液中Cl~-是熵减过程。红外光谱和能谱分析结果表明,吸附后只是树脂N-OH中的OH-被Cl~-取代,并未改变树脂骨架和功能基团。     

阳离子交换树脂分离-分光光度法测定水中痕量铜

采用静态法研究了HD-8阳离子交换树脂对铜的吸附速率、吸附温度和吸附量等性能。试验结果表明:在0.1～0.5mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液介质中铜的吸附率在95%以上,用3mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液3mL可将吸附于柱上的铜(Ⅱ)完全洗脱下来。在优化的试验条件下,该HD-8阳离子交换树脂微柱对铜的富集限为2μg/200mL,富集倍数为67倍。在此基础上提出了一种阳离子交换树脂分离分光光度法测定水样中痕量铜的方法。该方法用于测定鄱阳湖水中痕量铜,测得平均回收率为101.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.82%。     

离子交换预富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地下水中重金属

建立了采用强酸性阳离子交换树脂富集与火焰原子吸收光谱法测定地下水中铜、钴、镍、镉、锌、铁、锰、铋、锑、铅等金属离子,讨论了洗脱剂类型、浓度、洗脱流速和阳离子交换树脂用量等对交换树脂富集效果的影响。结果表明,在交换柱内径为1.0cm,柱高为50cm,732#树脂用量为30ml,吸附速度为4.0ml·min-1时,用2.4mol·L-1盐酸以1.0ml·min-1的速度洗脱,可达到良好效果。该方法可同时测定地下水中痕量重金属元素,其加标回收率为97%～103%。     

新型反相分配及强阳离子交换固相萃取材料对三聚氰胺的吸附性能研究

采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)技术研究了新型反相分配和强阳离子交换固相萃取柱的性能,确定了该新型固相萃取柱的最佳p H值、最佳流速、最大吸附容量及饱和吸附容量。研究了新型固相萃取柱对三聚氰胺在不同起始浓度下的吸附动力学和不同温度下的吸附热力学性能,并对吸附等温线数据进行了拟合。结果显示:该新型固相萃取柱的最佳吸附p H值为5.0,最佳流速为1.0 m L/min,最佳洗脱体积为1.0 m L,最大吸附量为900μg。30℃下该萃取柱的饱和吸附容量为81.45μg/mg。该吸附过程符合准二级动力学吸附模型,吸附等温线符合Langmuir吸附模型,且该过程为自发进行的吸热反应。     

Adsorption characteristics of carbon on ion exchange resin in nuclear power plant

The adsorption characteristics of carbon on a strong base anion and cation exchange mixed resin, Amberlite IRN-150 in OH⁺ and H⁻ (1∶1) used in nuclear power plant, were investigated at 6, 30 and 50 °C at a concentration of carbon up to 0.02M. The expression for the adsorption of carbon was well fitted to the Freundlich equation and the constants,k andn in the equation were deduced. Furthermore, we could explain that the adsorption capacity on the mixed resin increases with temperature.     

Kinetics and thermodynamics of uranium ion adsorption from waste solution using Amberjet 1200 H as cation exchanger

The present work deals with the adsorption of uranium from a nitric acid waste solution using the cation exchange resin Amberjet 1200 H (AHR) . Batch experiments were performed in order to assess the performance of AHR in uranium adsorption. The influences of pH, contact time, initial uranium concentration and temperature have been enhanced. The physical parameters including the adsorption kinetics, the isotherm models and the thermodynamic data have also been determined to determine the nature of the uranium adsorption by AHR. The studied resin has been agreed with both the pseudo second order reaction and Langmuir isotherm.     

Behavior of human serum albumin on strong cation exchange resins: I. Experimental analysis

Experiments with human serum albumin on the strong cation exchange resin Fractogel EMD SE Hicap (M) were carried out. Even though human serum albumin was used at high purity, two peaks in gradient elution experiments occurred. The obtained data can be explained by considering that human serum albumin binds to Fractogel EMD SE Hicap (M) in two different binding conformations: the protein adsorbs instantaneously in the first conformation and then changes into the second one with a kinetic limitation. The two-peak behavior of human serum albumin was analyzed in detail, especially at various gradient lengths, concentrations and temperatures. Breakthrough curves were performed at four modifier concentrations and three velocities. The characteristic adsorption behavior, found for gradient experiments, was confirmed by the breakthrough curves. The two-peak elution pattern of human serum albumin was also found for other strong cation exchange resins, but not for weak cation exchange resins. It is concluded that the described behavior is peculiar for the interaction of human serum albumin with the strong cation exchange ligand of the resin.     

Adsorption of Zinc and Cyanide from Cyanide Effluents on Anionic Ion-exchange Resin

The adsorption of zinc and cyanide from cyanide effluents onto strong and weak basic anion exchange resins was studied in a batch adsorption system. Factors influencing the adsorption rates such as resin selection, resin amounts, contact time and temperature were studied and scanning electron microscopy-energy disperse spectroscopy(SEM-EDS) was used in the analysis. The present study shows that the adsorption capacity of resin 201×7 is better than that of resin 301. The adsorption process was relatively fast and came to equilibrium after 60 min. The kinetic data were analyzed with three models and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was found to agree with the experimental data well. The equilibrium data could also be described well by Langmuir isotherm model. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change(ΔH⁰), free energy change(ΔG⁰) and entropy change(ΔS⁰) were calculated and the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic.     

大孔阳离子交换树脂对奈替米星的吸附研究

通过正交实验合成了9种大孔弱酸性阳离子交换树脂,筛选出具有最大动态饱和吸附量的FB-1树脂.采用红外光谱和热重分析的方法对其表征,并研究其对奈替米星的吸附及解吸性能,结果表明:该树脂对奈替米星的吸附符合Langrnuir吸附:用氨水做洗脱剂,0.3mol/L和0.4mol/L的氨水解吸率均达95%以上.FB-1与HD-2树脂比较:动态吸附量FB-1为398.0mg/mL湿树脂、HD-2为232.1mg/mL湿树脂;0.3mol/L氨水解吸,前者解吸率较后者高约15%.     

Comparison of silica-based and polymer-based cation exchangers for the ion chromatographic separation of transition metals

Silica gel- and polymer-based exchangers differ not only in the substrate but usually also in the structure of their sulphonic acid exchange group. The performance and chromatographic behaviour of modern macroporous poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) polymers of 5-μm particle size after surface sulphonation were examined. Further, two commercially available silica gel cation exchangers were investigated as references for what is now possible and how the chromatographic performance is influenced by the substrate and the structure of the exchange site. The influence of the capacity of surface-sulphonated exchangers for acid and complexing eluents, which are necessary when transition metals are to be separated, was studied. The interaction of polarizable metal cations with the π-system of the polymer depends on the resin capacity, and a comparable dependence for H⁺ and complexing eluents was found. The distance of the functional group from the core influences the adsorption effects dramatically. Lowering the non-specific interaction increases the chromatographic efficiency rapidly. The performance of silica gel-based exchangers is nearly one order of magnitude better than that of surface-sulphonated exchangers. The selectivity of the exchangers investigated is strongly dependent on the structure of the exchange site and on the resin capacity.     

Phenol removal from aqueous solution by adsorption and ion exchange mechanisms onto polymeric resins

The removal of phenol from aqueous solution was evaluated by using a nonfunctionalized hyper-cross-linked polymer Macronet MN200 and two ion exchange resins, Dowex XZ (strong anion exchange resin) and AuRIX 100 (weak anion exchange). Equilibrium experimental data were fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms at different pHs. The Langmuir model describes successfully the phenol removal onto the three resins. The extent of the phenol adsorption was affected by the pH of the solution; thus, the nonfunctionalized resin reported the maximum loading adsorption under acidic conditions, where the molecular phenol form predominates. In contrast both ion exchange resins reported the maximum removal under alkaline conditions where the phenolate may be removed by a combined effect of both adsorption and ion exchange mechanisms. A theoretical model proposed in the literature was used to fit the experimental data and a double contribution was observed from the parameters obtained by the model. Kinetic experiments under different initial phenol concentrations and under the best pH conditions observed in the equilibrium experiments were performed. Two different models were used to define the controlling mechanism of the overall adsorption process: the homogeneous particle diffusion model and the shell progressive model fit the kinetic experimental data and determined the resin phase mechanism as the rate-limiting diffusion for the phenol removal. Resins charged after the kinetic experiments were further eluted by different methods. Desorption of nonfunctionalized resin was achieved by using the solution (50% v/v) of methanol/water with a recovery close to 90%. In the case of the ion exchange resins the desorption process was performed at different pHs and considering the effect of the competitive ion Cl⁻. The desorption processes were controlled by the ion exchange mechanism for Dowex XZ and AuRIX 100 resins; thus, no significant effect for the addition of Cl⁻ under acidic conditions was observed, while under alkaline conditions the total recovery increased, specially for Dowex XZ resin.     

Exploration of overloaded cation exchange chromatography for monoclonal antibody purification

Cation exchange chromatography using conventional resins, having either diffusive or perfusive flow paths, operated in bind-elute mode has been commonly employed in monoclonal antibody (MAb) purification processes. In this study, the performance of diffusive and perfusive cation exchange resins (SP-Sepharose FF (SPSFF) and Poros 50HS) and a convective cation exchange membrane (Mustang S) and monolith (SO(3) Monolith) were compared. All matrices were utilized in an isocratic state under typical binding conditions with an antibody load of up to 1000 g/L of chromatographic matrix. The dynamic binding capacity of the cation exchange resins is typically below 100 g/L resin, so they were loaded beyond the point of anticipated MAb break through. All of the matrices performed similarly in that they effectively retained host cell protein and DNA during the loading and wash steps, while antibody flowed through each matrix after its dynamic binding capacity was reached. The matrices differed, though, in that conventional diffusive and perfusive chromatographic resins (SPSFF and Poros 50HS) demonstrated a higher binding capacity for high molecular weight species (HMW) than convective flow matrices (membrane and monolith); Poros 50HS displayed the highest HMW binding capacity. Further exploration of the conventional chromatographic resins in an isocratic overloaded mode demonstrated that the impurity binding capacity was well maintained on Poros 50HS, but not on SPSFF, when the operating flow rate was as high as 36 column volumes per hour. Host cell protein and HMW removal by Poros 50HS was affected by altering the loading conductivity. A higher percentage of host cell protein removal was achieved at a low conductivity of 3 mS/cm. HMW binding capacity was optimized at 5 mS/cm. Our data from runs on Poros 50HS resin also showed that leached protein A and cell culture additive such as gentamicin were able to be removed under the isocratic overloaded condition. Lastly, a MAb purification process employing protein A affinity chromatography, isocratic overloaded cation exchange chromatography using Poros 50HS and anion exchange chromatography using QSFF in flow through mode was compared with the MAb's commercial manufacturing process, which consisted of protein A affinity chromatography, cation exchange chromatography using SPSFF in bind-elute mode and anion exchange chromatography using QSFF in flow through mode. Comparable step yield and impurity clearance were obtained by the two processes.     

Adsorption Study of Acid Soluble Lignin Removal from Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate by a Self-Synthesized Resin for Lipid Production

An adsorption resin CX-6 was synthesized and used for acid soluble lignin (ASL) removal from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (SCBH). The adsorption conditions of pH value, amount of adsorbent, initial ASL concentration, and temperature on ASL adsorption were discussed. The results showed the adsorption capacity of ASL was negatively affected by increasing temperature, solution pH, and adsorbent dose, and was positively affected by increasing initial concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity of ASL was 135.3 mg/g at initial ASL concentration 6.46 g/L, adsorption temperature 298 K, and pH 1. Thermodynamic study demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and exothermic. Equilibrium and kinetics experiments were proved to fit the Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order model well, respectively. Fermentation experiment showed that the SCBH after combined overliming with resin adsorption as fermentation substrate for microbial lipid production by Trichosporon cutaneum and Trichosporon coremiiforme was as better as that of SCBH by combined overliming with active charcoal adsorption, and more efficient than that of SCBH only by overliming. Moreover, the regeneration experiment indicated that the CX-6 resin is easy to regenerate and its recirculated performance is stable. In conclusion, our results provide a promising adsorbent to detoxify lignocellulose hydrolysate for further fermentation.

     

弱碱性阴离子交换树脂分离1,6—二磷酸果糖的研究

采用弱碱性阴离子交换树脂HJ-30对发酵液中1，6-二磷酸果糖的分离进行了研究。详细地研究了树脂的吸附和脱附性能。实验结果表明，HJ-30树脂对FDP的吸附量达0．28gFDP／g湿树脂，以0．05mol／LNaCl洗脱光机磷和1mol／LNaCl洗脱1，6-二磷酸果糖，产品的收率和纯度分别为92％和99．4％。