纳米金-二氧化钛纳米针修饰电极用于氯霉素检测

将金胶-TiO2纳米针修饰玻碳(Au-TiO2/GC)电极用于对氯霉素(CAP)浓度的电化学测定。 结果表明,在0.1 mol/L pH=7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS)体系中,CAP在Au-TiO2/GC电极上有较好的电化学响应,CAP浓度在8.0×10-7～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内,峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.8×10-8 mol/L。 并对氯霉素滴眼液中CAP浓度进行了检测,发现该方法有高的检测灵敏度、好的重复性和抗干扰性,且操作简便、成本低廉。     

纸基葡萄糖电化学生物传感器的研究及应用

基于纳米金的自催化无电沉积镀金技术,采用混合纤维素滤膜作为模板,制备了一种纳米多孔纸基薄膜金电极。以该金滤膜电极作为基底电极,使用Nafion溶液分散的碳纳米管-纳米铂(PtNPs)复合材料作为载体,实现了葡萄糖氧化酶(GOD)的直接电化学,并建立了一种低成本的纸基葡萄糖电化学传感器。该传感器对葡萄糖具有良好的安培响应,葡萄糖浓度在5.0×10-6~2.5×10-3 mol/L范围与其0.55V处的氧化电流呈良好的线性关系(R=0.999),检测限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-6 mol/L。制备了8支传感器,对25μmol/L葡萄糖进行检测,结果的相对标准偏差为6.03%,表明该传感器具有较好的重现性。     

薄层二硫化钼-自掺杂聚苯胺纳米复合材料高灵敏检测Pb~(2+)

通过液相剥离法制备了一种新颖的二硫化钼-自掺杂聚苯胺(MoS_2-SPAN)纳米复合材料。在超声过程中,负电荷性的SPAN扩散、吸附并嵌插到同步获得的MoS_2薄层中,从而形成三维结构的复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅氏转换红外光谱和电化学法对MoS_2-SPAN复合材料进行表征。该纳米复合材料的有效表面积大、电化学活性位点多、稳定性较高。采用差分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法(DPASV)研究了铅离子在MoS_2-SPAN修饰玻碳电极(MoS_2-SPAN/GCE)上的电化学行为并优化了电化学检测条件。结果显示MoS_2-SPAN纳米复合材料在铅离子检测中呈现良好的导电性和吸附性。基于MoS_2-SPAN大的比表面积和协同效应,该MoS_2-SPAN/GCE可实现对铅离子的高灵敏检测,在0.1~10μg/L和10~100μg/L浓度范围内,铅离子的溶出峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)达2.87×10~(-8)g/L。该方法具有很好的重现性和较好的抗干扰能力,可应用于实际水样中铅离子的检测。     

基于磁性分子印迹修饰电极的氯霉素电化学发光分析法

基于氯霉素(CAP)强烈抑制Ru(bpy)23+/三丙胺体系的电化学发光(ECL)信号,构建了一种高灵敏检测水体中CAP的磁性分子印迹电化学发光传感器。以Fe3O4-Au磁性纳米粒子为载体,对氨基苯硫酚(4-ATP)和2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙基磺酸(AMPs)作为双功能单体,二甲基丙烯酸乙二酯(EGDMA)作为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)作为引发剂,通过自组装在Fe3O4-Au磁性纳米粒子表面合成氯霉素分子印迹膜(MIPs)。以修饰该磁性分子印迹聚合物的磁性玻碳电极(MGCE)为CAP电化学发光传感器。在优化实验条件下,ECL信号变化值(ΔI=I0-Ip)随着CAP浓度的增大而增大,且ΔI与CAP浓度的对数在0. 010～100 ng/L CAP浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r)为0. 998 0,检出限为0. 010 ng/L。研究结果表明,该传感器对CAP的检测灵敏度高,选择性好,线性范围宽,具有良好的应用前景。     

电化学方法制备石墨烯-铁氰化镍复合物及对抗坏血酸的电催化氧化研究

采用电化学还原方法制备了铁氰化镍-石墨烯复合薄膜电极,扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征电还原石墨烯和铁氰化镍-石墨烯复合材料的表面形貌。采用循环伏安和计时电流技术研究了该修饰电极对抗坏血酸(AA)的电催化氧化性能,据此建立了一种测定AA的电化学分析新方法。由于石墨烯和铁氰化镍纳米颗粒之间的协同效应,使得该复合修饰电极对抗坏血酸具有优异的电催化活性。在0.1 mol/L pH 7.00的PBS溶液中,抗坏血酸的催化氧化电流与其浓度在1.0×10-4~7.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.1×10-5mol/L(S/N)。     

电沉积纳米ZnO修饰玻碳电极交流阻抗法测定硫离子

以Zn(NO3)2和KCl为支持解液,在裸玻碳电极(GCE)上电化学沉积一层纳米Zn O薄膜,制备出一种基于纳米Zn O修饰电极(Zn O/GCE)用于检测S2-的电化学传感器。电化学循环伏安法(CV)表明该修饰电极具有大的比表面积及良好导电性能。将Zn O/GCE置于微酸性的Na2S(p H 6.5)溶液中进行富集反应12 min后,可得到恒定的电化学交流阻抗值(Ret)。在最优实验条件下,该制备电极可成功应用于检测不同浓度的Na2S溶液,其ΔRet值与Na2S浓度范围(1.0×10-7~1.0×10-3mol/L)的对数呈良好的线性关系,检出限为6.37×10-8mol/L。制备电极(Zn O/GCE)可应用于实际水样中硫化物的检测。     

CTAB存在下双酚A在纳米氧化锌/碳纳米管复合材料修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

利用水热法合成了纳米氧化锌/碳纳米管复合材料,将该复合材料滴涂在玻碳电极表面,制得纳米氧化锌-碳纳米管复合材料修饰电极(ZnO-MWCNTs/GCE)。在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)存在下,利用循环伏安法研究了双酚A在修饰电极上的电化学行为。考察了溶液pH值、CTAB浓度和富集时间等对测定的影响。结果表明,在pH 7.0的含8.0×10-5mol/L CTAB的磷酸盐缓冲液中,该修饰电极对双酚A具有良好的电化学响应,双酚A在修饰电极上的氧化峰电流为裸电极上的7倍。在优化条件下,采用差分脉冲伏安法对双酚A进行测定。双酚A的峰电流在5.0×10-8~1.5×10-5mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-8mol/L。对1.0×10-5mol/L双酚A平行测定8次的相对标准偏差为4.6%。该法用于塑料制品中溶出双酚A的测定,回收率为99%~107%,结果满意。     

铂-钯纳米簇/石墨烯修饰电极的制备及其在氯霉素传感中的应用

通过电沉积法制备了铂-钯纳米簇/石墨烯修饰电极(Pt-Pd/RGO/GCE)。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能量色散光谱(EDS)对铂-钯纳米簇/石墨烯修饰电极进行了表征;采用循环伏安法(CV)对修饰电极电化学性质进行了研究,探究了铂钯原子比例和电沉积圈数对制备修饰电极的影响,研究了修饰电极对氯霉素(CAP)电催化作用。利用示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)对CAP进行检测,在1.0×10~(-7)～4.0×10~(-4) mol·L~(-1)浓度范围内,CAP的还原峰电流和浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(R)为0.997,检出限(S/N=3)为5.1×10~(-8 ) mol·L~(-1)。结果表明,该修饰电极可望用于实际样品中CAP的测定。     

ZnO/石墨烯修饰电极的制备及电化学性能研究

采用水热法合成了纳米氧化锌-氧化石墨烯复合材料,并基于该复合材料构制了一种新型双酚A传感器,研究了该传感器的电化学行为。结果表明,在含8.0×10-5mol/L CTAB的p H 7.0磷酸盐缓冲液中,双酚A在0.573V处出现1个不可逆的氧化峰,具有良好的电化学响应;其氧化峰电流与浓度在1.0×10-8~4.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5.0×10-9mol/L;对模拟环境水样中双酚A进行3次平行测定的回收率在96.3%~101.9%之间,相对误差在1.2%~3.8%范围内。该传感器具有灵敏度高、线性范围宽的特点。     

氯霉素在p-PTA/CS-AB/GCE修饰电极上的电化学行为及测定

制备了聚磷钨酸/壳聚糖-乙炔黑修饰电极(p-PTA/CS-AB/GCE),采用循环伏安法(CV)研究了氯霉素在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。结果表明,在p H 6.0的PBS溶液中,氯霉素(CAP)在该修饰电极上出现1个还原峰,在40~400 m V/s扫速范围内,CAP的还原峰电流与扫速呈线性关系,说明CAP在修饰电极上的电化学反应过程是受吸附控制的不可逆过程。用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)对不同浓度的CAP进行检测,在5.0×10-7~1.0×10-4mol/L浓度范围内,还原峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为5.13×10-8mol/L。用该方法对氯霉素片进行检测,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%,回收率为97.7%~105.1%。     

带电组氨酸侧链与DNA碱基间非键作用强度的理论研究

采用MP2方法和6-31+G(d,p)基组优化得到了带有一个正电荷的组氨酸侧链与4个DNA碱基间形成的18个氢键复合物的气相稳定结构, 从文献中获取了组氨酸侧链与DNA碱基间形成的12个堆积和T型复合物的气相稳定结构, 使用包含基组重叠误差(BSSE)校正的MP2方法和aug-cc-pVTZ基组及密度泛函理论M06-2X-D3方法和aug-cc-pVDZ基组计算了这些复合物的结合能. 研究结果表明, 包含BSSE校正的M06-2X-D3方法和aug-cc-pVDZ基组能够给出较准确的结合能; 气相条件下, 组氨酸侧链与同种DNA碱基间的离子氢键作用明显强于堆积作用和T型作用, 组氨酸侧链最易通过离子氢键与胞嘧啶C和鸟嘌呤G作用形成氢键复合物, 组氨酸与胞嘧啶C和鸟嘌呤G间的T型作用强于与腺嘌呤A和胸腺嘧啶T间的离子氢键作用; 水相条件下, 组氨酸侧链与同种DNA碱基间的离子氢键作用仍明显强于堆积作用和T型作用, 组氨酸侧链更易与胞嘧啶C和鸟嘌呤G相互作用形成氢键复合物, 但是最强的组氨酸侧链与胞嘧啶C间的T型作用明显弱于与腺嘌呤A和胸腺嘧啶T间的离子氢键作用, 说明水相条件下组氨酸侧链与DNA碱基间主要通过离子氢键作用形成氢键复合物.     

Influence of linkage chemistry on folding,self-assembly,and photoresponse of amphiphilic azobenzene main chain polymers

Two types of amphiphilic polymers composed of azobenzene repeat units in the main chain connected either via ethynylene (acetylene) or butadiynylene (diacetylene) linkages and carrying oligo(ethylene glycol) side chains were reported. Synthesis was accomplished by polycondensation involving Sonogashira–Hagihara cross coupling and Glaser coupling, respectively. Solvent titration experiments revealed that both polymers fold into stable helices in a polar environment. While the ethynylene-bridged polymer resembled the behavior of its oligomeric counterparts, introduction of the extended diacetylene unit strengthened π,π-stacking interactions in case of the butadiynylene-bridged polymer leading to a pronounced aggregation tendency and suppressing photoisomerization in the folded state. Our study demonstrates the importance of backbone connectivity to balance intra- and intermolecular forces for the successful design of photoresponsive polymers. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 313–318     

Synthesis of polyfluorenes bearing lateral pyreneterminated alkyl chains for dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes

Two kinds of polyfluorenes bearing two lateral pyrene terminated alkyl chains and two alkyl chains per repeating unit were synthesized by Suzuki polycondensation and used to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNT) in organic solvents.Stable polymer-SWCNT complex can be formed via the multivalentπ-πstacking interaction of the lateral pyrene functional groups and the polyfluorene backbone with the outer surface of carbon nanotubes;meanwhile the lateral alkyl chains can impart good solubility to the complex.As expected,polyfluorenes bearing lateral pyrene functional groups and octyl chains exhibited much higher carbon nanotube solubility in common organic solvents than the corresponding polyfluorenes bearing only octyl chains.Photophysical studies indicated that the formation of polymer-SWCNT complex can effectively quench the fluorescence of polyfluorenes.     

Self-Assembly of Bowl-Shaped Naphthalimide-Annulated Corannulene

The self-assembly of a bowl-shaped naphthalimide-annulated corannulene of high solubility has been studied in a variety of solvents by NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Evaluation by the anti-cooperative K₂-K model revealed the formation of supramolecular dimers of outstanding thermodynamic stability. Further structural proof for the almost exclusive formation of dimers over extended aggregates is demonstrated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and diffusion ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) measurements as well as by theoretical calculations. Thus, herein we present the first report of a supramolecular dimer of an annulated corannulene derivative in solution and discuss its extraordinarily high thermodynamic stability with association constants up to >10⁶ M⁻¹ in methylcyclohexane, which is comparable to the association constants given for planar phthalocyanine and perylene bisimide dyes.     

Eu(DBM)3qp和Eu(DBM)3pp的晶体结构及荧光性质对比研究

两种新型铕配合物Eu(DBM)₃qp(DBM=二苯甲酰甲烷,qp=喹喔啉并[2,3-i]-1,10-邻二氮杂菲)和Eu(DBM)_3pp(DBM=二苯甲酰甲烷,pp=吡嗪并[2,3-i]-1,10-邻二氮杂菲)的晶体结构均属单斜晶系,P2(1)/c空间群.中心铕离子分别与DBM配体的六个氧原子及第二配体的两个鳌合氮原子配位,形成八配位的扭曲四方反棱柱构型.两种配合物晶体中,每四个配合物分子的第二配体共轭平面相互平行,形成一种特殊的"块"状π-π堆积单元.在紫外光激发下两种配合物均表现为Eu³⁺的特征发射,由于第二配体能级的不同,Eu(DBM)_3pp的发射强度比Eu(DBM)_3qp高十几倍.     

QAAR exploration on pesticides with high solubility:An investigation on sulfonylurea herbicide dimers formed through π–π stacking interactions

Bioactive compounds could form aggregates that influence the bio-interactive processes. In this letter,based on p–p stacking models, quantitative aggregation–activity relationship(QAAR) studies were carried out on a series of sulfonylurea herbicides with good solubility. Four QAAR/QSAR models were constructed, which indicated that the bioactivity may strongly depend on both the characters of the dimeric aggregates and the monomer. The QAAR approach based on dimer-aggregates was also applicable for the highly water-soluble sulfonylurea herbicides that can form p–p stacking interactions.It was expected that the QAAR studies based on molecular aggregation state would be applied to other pesticide systems.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Thermal Stability of a Supramolecular Lead（II） Complex with 4-Nitrobenzoic Acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline

A new complex [Pb(phen)2(4-NBA)]2·2(NO3)·H2O(phen = 1,10-phenanthroline,4-NBA = 4-nitrobenzoate) has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elemental analyses and IR spectroscopy.The complex crystallizes in monoclinic,space group P21/c with a = 13.416(3),b = 14.065(3),c = 16.845(3) ,β = 110.55(3)o,V = 2976.5(10)3,Z = 2,Dc = 1.796 g/cm3,F(000) = 1564,GOOF = 0.962,the final R = 0.0686 and wR = 0.1746.The crystal structure shows that the lead ion is coordinated with two carboxylate O atoms from the 4-NBA anion,and four N atoms from two phen molecules,forming a slightly distorted pentagonalbipyramidal coordination geometry.It is further extended by various supramo-lecular interactions to form a three-dimensional supramolecular network.The TG analysis result shows that this complex begins decomposing at 30 ℃ and decompounding completely at 733 ℃.     

D-π-A-π-A结构有机光敏染料的合成及其在太阳能光电转化和光解水制氢中的应用

选择N,N'-二甲基苯胺作为电子给体,乙炔基和苯基作为π桥键,苯并噻二唑基团作为辅助受体,氰基丙烯酸为电子受体设计合成了一个具有D-π-A-π-A结构的有机染料OD2。对该染料的光谱性能和电化学性能进行了研究,并将其用作光敏剂引入太阳能光电转化和光解水制氢领域。当OD2应用于光伏领域：在AM1.5（100 mW·cm^-2）的光强下,OD2敏化的电池的光电转化效率（η）为4.40%（短路电流密度（J_sc）=10.58 mA·cm^-2,开路电压（V_oc）=630 mV,填充因子（FF）=0.65）;当OD2应用于染料敏化可见光催化制氢领域：在300 W氙灯光源可见光照射10 h,OD2敏化的Pt/TiO₂在pH=7.0,10%（φ,体积分数）三乙醇胺水溶液中的催化转化数（TON）为140,相应的表观制氢量子产率（Φ_H2）仅为0.42%。显然,OD2在光电转化领域比可见光催化分解水制氢领域更具有应用潜力。     

Covalent Organic Framework for Improving Near-Infrared Light Induced Fluorescence Imaging through Two-Photon Induction

Fluorescent materials exhibiting two-photon induction (TPI) are used for nonlinear optics, bioimaging, and phototherapy. Polymerizations of molecular chromophores to form π-conjugated structures were hindered by the lack of long-range ordering in the structure and strong π–π stacking between the chromophores. Reported here is the rational design of a benzothiadiazole-based covalent organic framework (COF) for promoting TPI and obtaining efficient two-photon induced fluorescence emissions. Characterization and spectroscopic data revealed that the enhancement in TPI performance is attributed to the donor-π-acceptor-π-donor configuration and regular intervals of the chromophores, the large π-conjugation domain, and the long-range order of COF crystals. The crystalline structure of TPI-COF attenuates the π–π stacking interactions between the layers, and overcomes aggregation-caused emission quenching of the chromophores for improving near-infrared two-photon induced fluorescence imaging.     

[Co(Phen)2(H2O)2](HL)NO3·3H2O的合成及晶体结构

在水溶液中,以邻菲咯啉、丁二酸与硝酸钴为原料合成了一个新的超分子化合物[Co(Phen)2(H2O)2].(HL).(NO3).3H2O,并经元素分析、IR、X射线单晶衍射分析进行了结构表征.结构分析表明,晶体属三斜晶系,P1-空间群,a=0.968 0(2)nm,b=1.370(3)nm,c=1.394 9(3)nm,α=61.714(3)°,β=71.495(4)°,γ=79.575(4)°,V=1.543 7 nm3,Z=2,ρ=1.481 g/cm3,C28H31CoN5O12,Mr=688.51,F(000)=714 andμ=0.627 mm-1,7 754个独立衍射点中,5 428个可观察点满足I≥2σ(I),R1=0.074 5,wR2=0.210 7.晶体中[Co(Phen)2(H2O)2]2+通过π-π相互作用堆积成二维层状结构,层间通过氢键作用构成三维超分子.