铬与人体健康研究

对铬与人体健康关系作了综述，包括：铬作为人体必需微量元素的生理功能，葡萄糖耐量因子定义和结构推测，以及与人体健康有关的生理临床作用研究进展状况，以引起更多的科技工作者对这一领域的关注和重视。     

铬与健康

对铬与人体健康的关系进行了综述，主要内容包括：三价铬的作用、六价铬的作用和环境中的铬。     

流动分析法同时测定铬（Ⅵ）及铬（Ⅲ）过程中铈（Ⅳ）氧化剂的影响

以Ｃｅ（Ⅳ）为氧化剂，采用流动分析在线氧化技术，实现了对Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）和Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）的同时在线分析，发现Ｃｅ（Ⅳ）氧化剂在测定过程中产生负干扰，在而Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）存在时会使Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的测定结果偏高，本文提出了一个校正模型，通过数学方法消除上述干扰，所建立的分析方法对Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）和Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）分析的平均相对误差不大于６．５％。     

地质样品中铬的价态分析方法研究

提出了以离子交换为主要流程进行预处理过程.HCL为提取剂,液土比为50 mL/g.首先用石墨炉原子吸收测得总铬,再将样品过柱(柱中装有717型阴离子树脂)吸附Cr(Ⅳ),利用差减法,从而获得Cr(Ⅲ).本实验石墨炉升温程序得到优化改进.通过实验得到检出限,线性范围,精密度,灵敏度等数据.     

快速溶剂萃取-离子色谱法同时测定塑料中的三价铬和六价铬

建立了采用快速溶剂萃取-离子色谱同时测定塑料中三价铬和六价铬的方法。三价铬和六价铬分别以吡啶-2,6-二羧酸(PDCA)和1,5-二苯卡巴肼(DPC)作为络合剂在柱前和柱后进行衍生化,分别在紫外和可见波长下采用紫外检测器进行检测,灵敏度高,基体干扰小。本方法对三价铬和六价铬的检出限分别为5.0 μg/L和0.5 μg/L;分别在50～1000 μg/L和5.0～100 μg/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系,线性相关系数分别为0.9994和0.9998;三价铬和六价铬的回收率范围为90.7%～101.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.7%～4.4%。该方法分析速度快、灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于塑料中三价铬和六价铬的同时测定。     

罗丹明B—I3^—离子缔合物共振散射测定环境水样中的铬（Ⅵ）和铬（Ⅲ）

研究在磷酸介质中,罗丹明B与I3^-的离子缔合物的共振散射光谱。确定了散射光强度与溶液中Cr(VI)浓度的关系。提出了共振散射测定Cr(VI)的新方法,方法的检出限为2．2ug/L,线性范围为10．0－500ug/L,结合离子交换分离法,用于环境水样中铬的形态分析,结果满意。     

南瓜与人体健康

南瓜是葫芦科南瓜属的一年生蔓性草本植物,它营养成分全面而独特。阐述了南瓜的营养成分及其对人体健康所起的作用。     

镁与人体健康

论述了镁在人体中的作用和缺乏症状，研究了人体补充镁的途径，以及医用镁化合物在人体健康中的应用。     

叶酸与人体健康

叶酸(folicacid)是水溶性维生素的一种,在生物体内有着非常重要的生理作用。本文简介了叶酸的物理及化学性质,在食物和人体中的分布,以及与人体健康的关系。     

地质环境与人体健康

地质环境与人体健康朱琰（浙江省地质环境监测总站，杭州３１００１２）自古以来人们在生产和生活中就意识到地球化学环境与人类健康和疾病间的重要关系。远在两千年前我国的《黄帝内经》一书就提出了“天人相应”的道理。古希腊医学家希波克拉底也在自己的著作《论空气、...     

利用智能手机快速测定水环境中的六价铬含量

利用智能手机和小木盒构建的数字图像比色法(DIC)完成了水中六价铬浓度的快速检测。利用智能手机能够同时对显色溶液进行照明、图像采集和数据处理,可以快速定量检测六价铬。在六价铬0.05～0.80mg/L浓度内有良好的线性范围,线性方程为y=127.939x+73.181,相关系数为0.994;考察了方法的重现性,对2种质量浓度样品进行检测,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.5%～5.5%,测定结果和分光光度法对水样进行测定的结果基本一致,证明了方法的可靠性及准确性。     

超声辅助提取/离子色谱法测定铬污染土壤中的六价铬

建立了超声辅助提取/离子色谱法测定铬污染场地中铬（Ⅵ）的方法。选用0.3 mol/L的KCl溶液作提取剂,对12组土壤样品中的铬（Ⅵ）进行超声辅助提取20 min。采用Metrosep A Supp 4-250（250 mm×4.0mm）型阴离子分离柱,以4 mmol/L Na₂CO₃-1 mmol/L NaHCO₃混合溶液为淋洗液对样品进行分离分析。铬（Ⅵ）在0.01²0 mg/L浓度范围有较好的线性关系,相关系数（r²）为0.999 8;该方法的检出限为0.003 mg/L,加标回收率为96.4%¹06.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD,n=3）为0.56%。该方法具有简便、快速、准确等优点,适用于铬污染场地的监测与调查。     

氟元素与人体健康

氟元素是人体必需微量元素，在人体内主要分布于骨骼和牙齿中。氟通过各种途径对人体发生作用。人体内少量的氟对于生长发育，骨骼代谢等有一定的影响，而含氟量过量或过少会引起某些疾病，并且氟的特性对于人体健康也有影响。     

保健食品中铬及其化合物的应用研究

对铬及其化合物辅助降血糖、降血脂、减肥、延缓衰老、增强免疫力等生理功能、作用机制及其在保健食品中的使用情况进行了阐述,为其在未来的保健食品中得到更好应用提供依据。     

Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles for Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Water

Water treatment is an important concern of human societies. Using magnetic nanoparticles as adsorbents for metal removal has been greatly considered due to their particular characteristics such as small sizes, high surface area to volume ratios, and good magnetic properties. In the present study, a modification was implemented in magnetite particles by functionalized carbon nanotubes and carboxylic groups to enhance the performance of magnetite particles in removing hexavalent chromium from water using the adsorption method. The applicability of the nanoadsorbent and magnetic nanoparticles was compared based on adsorption factors affecting the chromium removal including pH, contact time, pollutant concentration, and the adsorbent amount. Properties of the nanocomposites were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the highest percentage of Cr (VI) removal for both adsorbents was under acidic ambient conditions and lasted less than 45 minutes. The study of Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms in the prediction of adsorption behavior revealed that the Langmuir model better fitted the adsorption equilibrium data. The kinetic analysis of pseudo-first and second-order equations showed that the pseudo-second-order equation was more suitable for describing the kinetic behavior of data. Moreover, the obtained nanocomposite had a better performance in Cr (VI) removal from water in comparison to magnetite nanoparticles.     

Organic Moiety-Regulated Photocatalytic Performance of Phosphomolybdate Hybrids for Hexavalent Chromium Reduction

Visible-light-driven photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction is a promising pathway to moderate environmental pollution, in which the development of photocatalysts is pivotal. Herein, three hourglass-type phosphomolybdate-based hybrids with the formula of: (H₂bpe)₃[Zn(H₂PO₄)][Zn(bpe)(H₂O)₂]H{Zn[P₄Mo₆O₃₁H₆]₂} ⋅ 6H₂O ( 1 ) Na₆[H₂bz]₂[ZnNa₄(H₂O)₅]{Zn [P₄Mo₆O₃₁H₃]₂} ⋅ 2H₂O ( 2 ) and (H₂mbpy) {[Zn(mbpy)(H₂O)]₂[Zn(H₂O)]₂}{Zn[P₄Mo₆O₃₁H₆]₂} ⋅ 10H₂O ( 3 ) (bpe=trans-1,2-bi(4-pyridyl)-ethylene; bz=4,4′-diaminobiphenyl; mbpy=4,4’-dimethyl-2,2’bipyridine) were synthesized under the guidance of the functional organic moiety modification strategy. Structural analysis showed that hybrids 1 – 3 have similar 2D layer-like spatial arrangements constructed by {Zn[P₄Mo₆]₂} clusters and organic components with different conjugated degree. With excellent redox properties and wide visible-light absorption capacities, hybrids 1 – 3 display favourable photocatalytic activity for Cr(VI) reduction with 79%, 70% and 64% reduction rates, which are superior to that of only inorganic {Zn[P₄Mo₆]₂} itself (21%). The investigation of organic components on photocatalytic performance of hybrids 1 – 3 suggested that the organic counter cations (bpe, bz and mbpy) can effectively affect the visible-light absorption, as well as the recombination of photogenerated carriers stemmed from {Zn[P₄Mo₆]₂} clusters, further promoting their photocatalytic performances towards Cr(VI) reduction. This work provides an experimental basis for the design of functionalized photocatalysts via the modification of organic species.     

人体健康与营养平衡

介绍了人体健康与营养平衡的关系和如何做到营养平衡。指出只有保持营养平衡，才能保证健康长寿。