用H_α线研究Freon12(CF_2CCl_2)对电感耦合等离子体(ICP)电子密度的影响——ICP技术在危险废弃物处理方面的应用研究

电感耦合等离子体（ＩＣＰ）被应用于Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２（ＣＦ２ＣＣｌ２）的焚烧处理。通过观察引入Ｆｒｅ－ｏｎ１２前后ＩＣＰ电子密度分布的变化，可在一定程度上间接了解焚烧的效果。由于Ｈβ线在低观察高度受到较为严重的光谱干扰，本文采用Ｈα线进行ＩＣＰ电子密度的测定。发射强度与电子密度测定的结果显示了Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２在ＩＣＰ的不同观测高度产生不同的影响，表明ＩＣＰ在导入Ｆｒｅｏｎ１２后出现了明显的“热箍缩”效应，从而有利于该化合物的完全分解。     

金属羰基化合物（CpFe（CO）2）2与金属氧化物表面作用的傅里叶变…

用漫反射红外光谱和光声红外光谱研究了金属羰基化合物（ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２）２Ｃｐ＝η＾５－Ｃ５Ｈ５与酸性，中性和碱性Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ＴｉＯ２的相互作用，结果表明，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面生成的洗生物种类及浓度与Ａｌ２Ｏ３的酸碱度明显相关，在酸性Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面，主要存在衍生物（ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｆｅ－Ｈ－Ｆｅ（ＣＯ２Ｃｐ）＾＋及少量的ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２（－Ｏ－）；在中性Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面存在的ＣｐＦｅ（ＣＯ）２（－Ｏ     

新型环保制冷剂氟化醚类物质的热力学分析

本文筛选了可能作为替代制冷剂的氟化醚类（ＨＦＥｓ）纯物质和混合物,然后对这些工质的制冷循环性能进行了热力学分析。分析结果表明：在醚类纯质及混合物中 ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６、 ＨＦＥ１４３ａ、 ｃ－Ｅ２－２１６、 ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６／ＨＦＥ１４３ａ和ｃ－ＨＦＥ２１６／ｃ－Ｅ２－２１６适合替代 ＣＦＣ１２和 ＨＦＣ１３４ａ ; ＨＦＥ１２５适合替代 ＣＦＣ１１５; ＨＦＥ１３４、 ＨＦＥ２４５ｃｂ β和 ＨＦＥ１４３／ＨＦＥ３１－１０适合替代 ＣＦＣ１１４ ; ＨＦＥ３３８ｍｆ、 ＨＦＥ２４５ｆａ、 ＨＦＥ１４３、 ＨＰＥ２６３ｆｂ、 ＨＦＥ２３６ｅａ／ＨＰＥ２４５ｆａ和 ＨＦＥ２３６ｅａ／ＨＦＥ１４３有望成为ＣＦＣ１１的替代物。     

负载型铁催化剂上费托合成的反应机理

用瞬时应答技术对费托合成的初始态动力学行为进行跟踪，研究了Ｆｅ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ／γ－ＡＬ２Ｏ３和Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ－Ｋ２Ｏ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上ＣＯ氢化生成轻的催化性能和Ｃ２烃的生成机理。结果表明，在Ｆｅ－Ｃｏ－Ｋ２Ｏ／γ－Ａ２Ｏ３上ＣＯ解离吸附形成的表面碳是合成烃反应的活性中心，表面碳的逐步氢化，生成亚甲基物种而亚甲基物种的聚合促成了烃键的增长。     

NH4Cl作助熔剂合成CaS：Ce的光谱特性及其浓度效应

以ＮＨ４Ｃｌ作助溶剂，碳还原硫酸钙的方法合成了ＣａＳ：Ｃｅ。在紫外光激发下，ＣａＳ：Ｃｅ中存在着Ｃｅ＾３＋的＾２Ｄ－＾２Ｆ５／２（５００ｎｍ）和＾２Ｄ－＾２Ｆ７／２（５５０ｎｍ）跃迁发射，但在蓝色光激发下，只有波峰为５３２ｎｍ半宽度为９２ｎｍ的宽带发射。当Ｃｅ＾３＋的浓度为０．０７５ｍｏｌ％时，＾２Ｄ－＾２Ｆ５／２跃迁发射强度与＾２Ｄ－＾２Ｆ７／２跃迁发射强度相等，而５３２ｎｍ发射猝灭。     

热稳定法拉第旋转TbYbBiIG磁光单晶及性能

采用高温溶液法，以Ｂｉ２Ｏ３／Ｂ２Ｏ３为助熔剂成功地生长出掺铋复合稀土铁石榴石（ＴｂＹｂＢｉ）３Ｆｅ５Ｏ１２（简称ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ）晶体。晶体外形规则，最大尺寸为７×６×４ｍｍ３，Ｘ射线衍射分析证实，生长的晶体为ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ单相单晶体，扫描电镜能谱分析其组成为Ｔｂ２．０６Ｙｂ０．４６Ｂｉ０．４８Ｆｅ５Ｏ１２。在１．０μｍ～１．７μｍ波段测量出晶体法拉第旋转谱和光吸收谱。当λ＝１．５５μｍ时，在１０°Ｃ～８０°Ｃ温度范围内测得法拉第旋转θＦ的温度系数为ｄθＦ／ｄＴ＝－２．３×１０－２ｄｅｇ·ｍｍ－１Ｋ－１。研究结果表明，ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ单晶体在近红外波段θＦ约为ＹＩＧ单晶的３倍，温度系数小，是制作高性能光隔离器的一种好材料     

亚稳态分子CO（α^3П）猝灭过程

用流动余辉技术测定了亚稳态分子ＣＯ（α＾３П）被ＣＳ２，ＳＯ２，ＳＯ，ＮＯＣ１２，ＩＣ１，ＳＯ２Ｃ１２，ＳＣ１２，Ｈ２Ｏ，ＣＨＣ１３，ＣＨ２Ｃ１２，Ｈｅ和Ｎｅ猝灭的速率常数，并较为详细地讨论了ＣＯ（α）和ＣＳ２，ＳＯ２，ＳＯ，ＮＯ等分子的猝灭反应的可能出口通道，指出ＣＯ（α）被其他分子猝灭时，主要出口通道是化学反应，Ｅ－Ｅ和Ｅ－Ｖ能量转移，有时是几种不同的出口通道同时存在。     

高温下CF4在H2中解离的反应动力学研究

用单脉冲激波管研究了有少量ＣＦ３Ｃｌ参予下的ＣＦ４与Ｈ２的混合在高温下的反应动力学，发现主要产物为Ｃ２Ｆ４和ＣＦ３Ｈ。对实验结果的分析表明，反应过程为一个双中心链反应。始发反应为ＣＦ３Ｃｌ的Ｃ－Ｃｌ键的断裂，继之以由Ｈ２和ＣＦ４为媒介的双中心链传递，最后测得温度由１０００至１０８０Ｋ，压力为０．１ＭＰａ下的ＣＦ４表观分解速率常数为ｋｅｆｆ＝１０＾１３．７ｅｘｐ（－５５０００／ＲＴ）ｌ＾１／２ｍｏｌ     

BaFCl_（x）Br_（1－x）：Sm~（2＋）中_（5）D_2→~（7）F_

本文以ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ－１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋Ｄ２→７Ｆ０的跃迁几率随ｘ变化为中心对ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ－１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋体系４ｆ５ｄ带的激发光谱、５Ｄ２→７Ｆ０跃迁的荧光衰减随温度的变化特性、５Ｄ２→７Ｆ０的跃迁几率等进行了研究．从而得出结论：在ＢａＦＣｌｘＢｒ１－ｘ：Ｓｍ２＋中，随Ｂｒ含量的增大，４ｆ５ｄ带与５Ｄ２能级更加接近，使７Ｆ０→Ｄ２的吸收截面增大，从而可能提高在５Ｄ２：能级烧孔的效率．     

取代苯胺基亚胺二茂铁类化合物莫斯鲍尔谱及分子光谱研究

本文报道了６种取代苯胺基亚胺二茂铁类化合物Ｒ－Ｎ＝ＣＨ－Ｆｅ（－Ｆｅ为二茂铁基，Ｒ为－Ｃ６Ｈ４Ｘ，（Ｘ＝Ｈ，４－Ｂｒ，４－ＯＨ，２－ＣＨ３，４－ＣＯＯＨ）及４－ＮＨＣ６Ｈ４ＮＯ２）的Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱数据，其化学位移分别为（ｍｍ．ｓ＾－１）：０．３２３，０．３３２，０．３３８，０．３２４，０．３１５和０．３１０。其四极矩分裂值分别为（ｍｍ．ｓ＾－１）：２．２６３，２．２８５，２．２８７，２．２１     

FREE VIBRATIONS OF MULTILAYERED PLATES BASED ON A MIXED VARIATIONAL APPROACH IN CONJUNCTION WITH GLOBAL PIECEWISE-SMOOTH FUNCTIONS

This paper presents a two-dimensional model for the analysis of freely vibrating laminated plates. The governing differential equations, associated boundary conditions and constitutive equations are derived from Reissner's mixed variational theorem. Both the governing differential equations and the related boundary conditions are presented in terms of resultant stresses and displacements. The model is able to provide the results for the corresponding three-dimensional theory. Such a performance is guaranteed from an appropriate expansion of relevant kinetic and stress quantities through the thickness of the multilayered plate. The expansion is realized by using a novel selection of global piecewise-smooth functions (GPSFs). The number of GPSFs can be arbitrarily increased to achieve a two-dimensional plate theory which is, at least, as accurate as that of a full layerwise theory. It is also shown that GPSFs permit to deal a multilayered plate as if it was virtually made of a single layer. Indeed, the theory need not explicitly introduce continuity conditions for both displacements and relevant stresses. The performance of the present two-dimensional model in conjunction with the global piecewise-smooth functions is tested and discussed by comparing its resulting eigen-parameters, for a class of simply supported plates, with those of other two-dimensional models and with those existing of the exact three-dimensional theory.     

结构光传感器模型及特性分析

给出了结构光传感器的数学模型，并依此模型详细分析了结构光传感器的各项参量，讨论了这些参量对结构光传感器性能的影响，得到了关于传感器参量和传感器特性之间关系的公式，给出了传感器设计必须遵守的条件。利用所给出的公式可以方便地讨论传感器的性能，对结构光传感器的设计起指导作用。     

Hybrid model for evaluating the performance of open-cycle absorption systems for waste heat recovery

An analytical model has been developed to predict the performance of open-cycle absorption systems for waste heat recovery. The model is based on the integral control volume approach. The system conservation equations as well as constitutive relations are presented.Predicted results demonstrated the capabilities of the model and showed that the model compared well with other existing models and data.     

An efficient method for model refinement in diffuse optical tomography

Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) is a non-linear, ill-posed, boundary value and optimization problem which necessitates regularization. Also, Bayesian methods are suitable owing to measurements data are sparse and correlated. In such problems which are solved with iterative methods, for stabilization and better convergence, the solution space must be small. These constraints subject to extensive and overdetermined system of equations which model retrieving criteria specially total least squares (TLS) must to refine model error. Using TLS is limited to linear systems which is not achievable when applying traditional Bayesian methods. This paper presents an efficient method for model refinement using regularized total least squares (RTLS) for treating on linearized DOT problem, having maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator and Tikhonov regulator. This is done with combination Bayesian and regularization tools as preconditioner matrices, applying them to equations and then using RTLS to the resulting linear equations. The preconditioning matrixes are guided by patient specific information as well as a priori knowledge gained from the training set. Simulation results illustrate that proposed method improves the image reconstruction performance and localize the abnormally well.     

掺Er及Yb-Er共掺Al2O3光波导放大器的理论与实验研究

抽运波长为0.98μm时,考虑合作上转换、交叉弛豫、激发态吸收等上转换机理给出了掺Er及Yb-Er共掺系统的速率方程,并利用二维波导的有限元理论及包含正反向放大的自发辐射的场传输方程,建立了一套分析光波导放大器增益特性的综合理论模型。得到掺Er及Yb-Er共掺Al2O3光波导放大器增益与波导长度、抽运功率、掺杂浓度等多个参量的关系,绘制出具有实用性的优化设计曲线。将该理论模型应用于实际制作的Yb-Er共掺Al2O3光波导放大器,结果与实验数据相符。     

Performance evaluation of numerical methods for the Maxwell–Liouville–von Neumann equations

The Maxwell–Liouville–von Neumann (MLN) equations are a valuable tool in nonlinear optics in general and to model quantum cascade lasers in particular. Several numerical methods to solve these equations with different accuracy and computational complexity have been proposed in related literature. We present an open-source framework for solving the MLN equations and parallel implementations of three numerical methods using OpenMP. The performance measurements demonstrate the efficiency of the parallelization.     

Three-dimensional modelling and dynamic analysis of an automatic ball balancer in an optical disk drive

Dynamic behaviours and stability of an automatic ball balancer (ABB) in an optical disk drive are analyzed based on the proposed three-dimensional dynamic model. For dynamic analysis, the feeding deck with the ball balancer and a spindle motor is modelled as a rigid body with six degrees of freedom. The nonlinear equations of motion are derived using Lagrange's equation in order to describe the translational and rotational motions of the system. From the derived nonlinear equations, the linearized equations of motion in the neighbourhood of a balanced equilibrium position are obtained by the perturbation method. These equations are coupled, linear, differential equations with time-dependent periodic coefficients, from which the stability of the system is analyzed by using the Floquet theory. Finally, the time responses are computed to verify the results of the stability analysis, and to investigate the balancing performance of the ABB.     

A three-zone simulation model for a air-cooled condensers

The present paper deals with the development of a mathematical model for the performance prediction of air-cooled condensers. The model considers the heat exchanger as formed by three distinct zones: de-superheater, condenser and subcooler. To make the model as generally applicable as possible, each piece of straight tube, between two return bends, is treated as a separate heat exchanger. The coil can thus be formed by any particular composition of straihgt tubes, enabling the overall effectiveness of each zone to be determined, with the use of correlations available in the literature. Zone-ending (starting of condensation or subcooling half-way along a tube) is also considered, with appropriate modelling. The energy balances over each zone, for both air and refrigerant streams, together with the effectiveness equations, form a set of non-linear equations, which are solved numerically. Despite its simplicity the method produces results comparable with those produced by more sophisticated local analyses. In the present paper six coil configurations are studied. Predicted results are compared with existing experimental data, with generally good agreement. A few possible applications of the method are also presented.     

Thermal modeling and performance analysis of a thermoacoustic refrigerator

A heat-driven thermoacoustic refrigerator has been designed and tested. A detailed thermal model of the device is presented. Energy balances within the system are discussed using external, heat exchanger, and stack control volumes in order to clarify the relationships of work and heat fluxes below and above onset. Thermal modeling is discussed as a tool for performance analysis as well as for determining system heat losses and finding input heat flows required by a thermoacoustic code. A method of using the control volume balance equations to find stack work and device efficiencies is presented. Experimental measurements are compared to DELTAE thermoacoustic modeling predictions. Modeling results show that viscous losses within the system have a significant impact on the device performance as well as on the ability of DELTAE to accurately predict performance. Modeling has led to an understanding of system performance and highlighted loss sources that are areas for improvement in a redesign.     

A method of solving the stiffness problem in Biot＇s poroelastic equations using a staggered high-order finite-difference

In modelling elastic wave propagation in a porous medium, when the ratio between the fluid viscosity and the medium permeability is comparatively large, the stiffness problem of Blot＇s poroelastic equations will be encountered. In the paper, a partition method is developed to solve the stiffness problem with a staggered high-order finite-difference. The method splits the Biot equations into two systems. One is stiff, and solved analytically, the other is nonstiff, and solved numerically by using a high-order staggered-grid finite-difference scheme. The time step is determined by the staggered finite-difference algorithm in solving the nonstiff equations, thus a coarse time step may be employed. Therefore, the computation efficiency and computational stability are improved greatly. Also a perfect by matched layer technology is used in the split method as absorbing boundary conditions. The numerical results are compared with the analytical results and those obtained from the conventional staggered-grid finite-difference method in a homogeneous model, respectively. They are in good agreement with each other. Finally, a slightly more complex model is investigated and compared with related equivalent model to illustrate the good performance of the staggered-grid finite-difference scheme in the partition method.