变质量任意阶非线性非完整系统的相对论性广义Volterra型方程

研究n个质点构成的理想约束系统,i质点的质量m_i、受主动力,微元dm_i并入或分离m_i的速度,在m次速度空间中,我们建立变质量系统的相对论性万有DAlembert原理     

具有两食饵趋向的食物链模型古典解的全局存在性

本文探讨在留曼边界条件下带有两食饵趋向和功能Ⅱ反应函数的三物种食物链模型,此模型的主要特征是捕食者捕食速度空间上的临时变化是由食饵的梯度决定的.应用压缩原理,抛物方程的Schauder估计和Lp估计,证明了此模型古典解的全局存在性.     

均匀格子气Boltzmann方程的稳定性研究

１．引言格子气的基本方程是在几何空间、速度空间和时间上都是离散的Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程（Ｂ方程）．这是一个有限差分方程．在离散速度气体运动论中［１］,Ｂ方程在速度空间上是离散的,在几何空间和时间上是连续的．这是一个偏微分方程．人们对离散速度气体Ｂ方程的稳定性和渐近特性的研究已经取得了很多结果．Ｍａａｓｓ~［２］通过构造Ｌｙaｐｕｎｏｖ函数族,在分布函数在空间上均匀的条件下,证明了平衡分布的渐近稳定性．信息函数Ｈ是该函数族的一员．Ｂｅｌｌｏｍｏｅｔａｌ~［３］．采用小扰动线性化方法在初值距离平衡解足…     

C~r－局部线性化

本文在非定常系统中引入了半轴上的Ｃｒ－结构稳定和Ｃｒ－局部线性化的概念，并且得到，一致渐近稳定的线性系统具有Ｃｒ－结构稳定以及其零解的变分方程系具有一致渐近稳定的ｒ阶拟线性系统可Ｃｒ－局部线性化．     

数学问题解答

20 0 2年 2月号问题解答(解答由问题提供人给出 )1 3 5 6　正△ＡＢＣ的内切圆圆心为Ｉ,半径为ｒ,在⊙Ｉ内任取一点Ｐ ,设Ｐ点到ＢＣ ,ＣＡ ,ＡＢ的距离分别为ｒ1 ,ｒ2 ,ｒ3,求证 :以ｒ1 ,ｒ2 ,ｒ3为边可以构成一个三角形 ,且其面积为 34 ｒ2 -ＰＩ2 .(山东枣庄市立新学校　孔令恩　 2 771 0 1 )证明　设正△ＡＢＣ边长为 1 ,则ＩＡ =ＩＢ =ＩＣ=2ｒ =33 ,由Ｓ△ＡＰＢ∶Ｓ△ＣＰＡ =ｒ3∶ｒ2 ,可见ＢＤ∶ＤＣ =ｒ3∶ｒ2 .由ＤＰ∶ＤＡ =Ｓ△ＢＰＣ∶Ｓ△ＡＢＣ =ｒ1 ∶ (ｒ1 +ｒ2+ｒ3) ,可见ＤＰ∶ＰＡ =ｒ1 ∶ (ｒ2 +ｒ3) .分别在△ＢＩＣ…     

数学问题解答

１９９８年９月号问题解答（解答由问题提供人给出）１１５１设Ｓｎ＝１＋１２＋１３＋…＋１ｎ，求Ｓ１９９９的整数部分．解当ｒ为自然数时，显然有：ｒ＋１２＋ｒ－１２２＜ｒ＜ｒ＋１＋ｒ２，∴ｒ＋１－ｒ＜１２ｒ＜ｒ＋１２－ｒ－１２．在上式中令ｒ＝３，４，…，ｎ...     

一个涉及六条角平分线的几何不等式

１９９４年,刘健在文献［１］中建立了以下一个几何不等式：（ｒ２ｒ３）ｋ＋（ｒ３ｒ１）ｋ＋（ｒ１ｒ２）ｋ≤１９ｋ（ｈ２ｋａ＋ｈ２ｋｂ＋ｈ２ｋｃ）①其中０＜ｋ≤１,ｒ１,ｒ２,ｒ３表示△ＡＢＣ内部任一点至三边的距离,ｈａ,ｈｂ,ｈｃ表示△ＡＢＣ的三高．特...     

关于三角形区域的Heilbronn数

设Ｋ是一个具有面积｜Ｋ｜的平面凸体。用（ｒ＿１ｒ＿２ｒ＿３）表示三角形ｒ＿１ｒ＿２ｒ＿３的面积，并令然后将Ｋ中ｎ个点的Ｈｅｉｌｂｒｏｎｎ数定义为对于三角形区域Δ，我们证明了     

求两圆公切线方程的简捷方法

设⊙Ｏ1,⊙Ｏ2 的半径分别为ｒ1,ｒ2 且ｒ2 >ｒ1.可用以下两种简捷方法来求两圆的公切线方程 .方法 1　 1 )作出两圆的公切线与两圆连心线Ｏ1Ｏ2 的交点Ｐ ,求出点Ｐ分有向线段Ｏ1Ｏ2 的比λ =- ｒ1ｒ2(外公切线 )或λ =ｒ1ｒ2(内公切线 ) ;2 )由定比分点坐标公式求出点Ｐ的坐标 ;(1)　　　　　　 (2 )图 1　方法 1图　　 3)求出过点Ｐ与⊙Ｏ1(或⊙Ｏ2 )相切的切线方程即为所求 .方法 2　 1 )以Ｏ2 为圆心 ,半径ｒ=ｒ2 -ｒ1(外公切线 )或ｒ =ｒ1 ｒ2 (内公切线 )作圆 ;2 )求出过点Ｏ1与所作圆相切的切线斜率ｋ ;3)求出斜率为ｋ的两圆公切线…     

模糊连续映射和开映射的新特征

给定模糊格Ｌ及ＬＦ拓扑空间（Ｌ＾ｘ,δ）,对Ｌ的素元素ｒ及分子ａ,在（Ｌ＾ｘ,δ）中引入了ｒ－开集及α－闭集的概念。证明了所有的ｒ－开集Ｏｒ（δ）和α－闭集Ｃａ（δ）分别形成一个ＬＦ拓扑和ＬＦ余拓扑,借助于它俩得到了ＬＦ连续映射和ＬＦ开映射的若干新特征。     

Morrey-Campanato空间中三维 Navier—Stokes方程的正则性准则

利用能量不等式和一些临界空间中的不等式,在Morrey—Campanato空间获得了两个只涉及水平速度场的正则性准则,改进了一些已有的结果．     

Global Existence for Capillary Water Waves

Consider the capillary water waves equations, set in the whole space with infinite depth, and consider small data (i.e., sufficiently close to zero velocity, and constant height of the water). We prove global existence and scattering. The proof combines in a novel way the energy method with a cascade of energy estimates, the space‐time resonance method and commuting vector fields. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Reconstructed Discontinuous Approximation to Stokes Equation in a Sequential Least Squares Formulation

We propose a new least squares finite element method to solve the Stokes problem with two sequential steps. The approximation spaces are constructed by the patch reconstruction with one unknown per element. For the first step, we reconstruct an approximation space consisting of piecewise curl-free polynomials with zero trace. By this space, we minimize a least squares functional to obtain the numerical approximations to the gradient of the velocity and the pressure. In the second step, we minimize another least squares functional to give the solution to the velocity in the reconstructed piecewise divergence-free space. We derive error estimates for all unknowns under both $L^2$ norms and energy norms. Numerical results in two dimensions and three dimensions verify the convergence rates and demonstrate the great flexibility of our method.     

Asymptotic limit of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with general initial data

This paper mainly concerns the mathematical justification of the asymptotic limit of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with general initial data in the natural energy space over the whole space. We give a rigorous proof of the convergence of the velocity fields defined through the solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to the strong solution of the incompressible Euler equations. Furthermore, we also obtain the rates of the convergence.     

ON THE SELF-SIMILAR SOLUTIONS OF THE MAGNETO-HYDRO-DYNAMIC EQUATIONS

In this paper, we show that, for the three dimensional incompressible magnetohydro-dynamic equations, there exists only trivial backward self-similar solution in L^p（R^3） for p ≥ 3, under some smallness assumption on either the kinetic energy of the self-similar solution related to the velocity field, or the magnetic field. Second, we construct a class of global unique forward self-similar solutions to the three-dimensional MHD equations with small initial data in some sense, being homogeneous of degree -1 and belonging to some Besov space, or the Lorentz space or pseudo-measure space, as motivated by the work in [5].     

Global large solutions to incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations with gravity

In this per, we consider a special class of initial data for the three‐dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with gravity. We show that, under such conditions, the incompressible Navier‐Stokes equations with gravity are globally well posed, and the velocity minus gravity term has finite energy. The important features of the initial data is that the velocity fields minus gravity term are almost parallel to the corresponding vorticity fields in a very large space domain. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stability behaviors of Leray weak solutions to the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations

This paper is devoted to the investigation of stability behaviors of Leray weak solutions to the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations. For a Leray weak solution of the Navier–Stokes equations in a critical Besov space, it is shown that the Leray weak solution is uniformly stable with respect to a small perturbation of initial velocity and external forcing. If the perturbation is not small, the perturbed weak solution converges asymptotically to the original weak solution as the time tends to the infinity. Additionally, an energy equality and weak–strong uniqueness for the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations are derived. The findings are mainly based on the estimations of the nonlinear term of the Navier–Stokes equations in a Besov space framework, the use of special test functions and the energy estimate method.     

The combined inviscid and non-resistive limit for the nonhomogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with Navier boundary conditions

In this paper, we establish the existence of the global weak solutions for the nonhomogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations with Navier boundary conditions for the velocity field and the magnetic field in a bounded domain ? ? R3. Furthermore,we prove that as the viscosity and resistivity coefficients go to zero simultaneously, these weak solutions converge to the strong one of the ideal nonhomogeneous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic equations in energy space.     

Uniform Decay properties of a model in structural acoustics

We investigate decay properties for a system of coupled partial differential equations which model the interaction between acoustic waves in a cavity and the walls of the cavity. In this system a wave equation is coupled to a structurally damped plate or beam equation. The underlying semigroup for this system is not uniformly stable, but when the system is appropriately restricted we obtain some uniform stability. We present two results of this type. For the first result, we assume that the initial wave data is zero, and the initial plate or beam data is in the natural energy space; then the corresponding solution to system decays uniformly to zero. For the second result, we assume that the initial condition is in the natural energy space and the control function is L²(0,∞) (in time) into the control space; then the beam displacement and velocity are both L²(0,∞) into a space with two spatial derivatives.     

Jeffreys fluids in forced elongation

In this paper we study existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions for the equations governing the forced elongation of fluids with differential constitutive law of Jeffreys type. These equations consist of nonlinear first-order hyperbolic equations in one spatial dimension. Forced elongation is imposed through velocity boundary conditions at the domain entry and exit. The existence result is based on the Schauder fixed point theorem and energy methods in the space of boundary-regular functions.