体会科学方法加强科学探究

我们对大自然的了解，是科学家们用一种有序、系统的（科学）方法形成和获得的．科学方法告诉我们发现自然法则的途径，如图1所示．     

EBIT trapping program

The LLNL electron beam ion trap provides the world's only source of stationary highly charged ions up to bare U. This unique capability makes many new atomic and nuclear physics experiments possible.     

体验科学探究——物理通报编初中《物理》修订版"探索者"教学实践与体会

随着教育改革的不断深入,新一轮基础教育课程改革已进入实验推广阶段.这次课改的一个显著特点是对基础教育的总目标做了重新定位.它要求为学生的终身学习打基础,即新课程应有利于学生自主、多样、持续地发展,体现以人为本的教育理念.为此,全日制义务教育<物理课程标准>对课程理念做了这样的表述:①注重学生发展,改变学科本位;②从生活走向物理,从物理走向社会;③注重科学探究,提倡学习方式多样化;④注重学科渗透,关心科技发展.这一阐述,对物理课程价值功能做了清晰的定位.     

Hadron program at COMPASS

The fixed target COMPASS experiment at CERN offers the opportunity to search for exotic mesons and glueball candidates in the light quark sector with unprecedented statistics.Preliminary results from the 2008 data taken with an incoming negative hadron beam （190 GeV/c,mainly pions） on a liquid hydrogen target are presented.New detectors dedicated to hadron beam measurements have been added.These give access to rare neutral and kaonic channels.An amplitude analysis which will allow to fit simultaneously diffractively and/or centrally produced resonances will be described and compared with those used in the CERN WA102 and BNL E852 experiments.     

Hadron program at COMPASS

The fixed target COMPASS experiment at CERN offers the opportunity to search for exotic mesons and glueball candidates in the light quark sector with unprecedented statistics.Preliminary results from the2008 data taken with an incoming negative hadron beam(190 GeV/c,mainly pions)on a liquid hydrogen target are presented.New detectors dedicated to hadron beam measurements have been added.These give access to rare neutral and kaonic channels.An amplitude analysis which will allow to fit simultaneously diffractively and/or centrally produced resonances will be described and compared with those used in the CERN WA102and BNL E852 experiments.     

XFELO Scientific Opportunities Retreat

The first XFELO Science Workshop was held at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, from June 29 to July 1, 2016. The main purpose was the discussion of scientific opportunities an XFELO extension of the LCLS-II complex in the future would enable. Chaired by Jerry Hastings (SLAC), it brought together more than 40 researchers from institutes around the world.     

科学计算应用程序探讨

科学计算应用程序是科学计算研究的成果集成,其研制不同于通常的计算机应用软件.随着科学计算研究的不断深入和高性能计算机的迅猛发展,应用程序越来越依赖于实际应用和高性能计算的交叉融合,迫切需要革新程序的研制思路,发展研制方法.文章简要介绍了科学计算应用程序的主要特征,分析了应用程序面临的主要困难,探讨了研制应用程序的新思路和新方法.     

科学计算应用程序探讨

科学计算应用程序是科学计算研究的成果集成,其研制不同于通常的计算机应用软件.随着科学计算研究的不断深入和高性能计算机的迅猛发展,应用程序越来越依赖于实际应用和高性能计算的交叉融合,迫切需要革新程序的研制思路,发展研制方法.文章简要介绍了科学计算应用程序的主要特征,分析了应用程序面临的主要困难,探讨了研制应用程序的新思路和新方法.     

纳米气泡的科学之谜

固液界面性质研究,特别是纳米尺度下的性质,一直是基础科学和工业界非常关注的一个方向。纳米级气泡,看似简单,实际不简单的体系,从2000年第一篇关于纳米气泡文章的发表后,大量的相关研究鱼贯而出。距今已经17年过去了,但该领域的研究仍然存在一些未解之谜,例如纳米气泡的超高稳定性等纳米特性。另外,纳米气泡的发现及其特殊性质,带来了新的纳米概念,催生了很多重要的应用,如污水的处理,植物、动物的生长,医学诊断等。文章主要回顾纳米气泡的由来、研究历程、产生方法、基本性质,以及未来的重要应用。每一次科技革命,将带来技术上的突破,期待纳米气泡的科学之谜,随着先进技术的诞生,终将揭开神秘的面纱。     

Complementarity and Scientific Rationality

Bohrs interpretation of quantum mechanics has been criticized as incoherent and opportunistic, and based on doubtful philosophical premises. If so Bohrs influence, in the pre-war period of 1927–1939, is the harder to explain, and the acceptance of his approach to quantum mechanics over de Broglies had no reasonable foundation. But Bohrs interpretation changed little from the time of its first appearance, and stood independent of any philosophical presuppositions. The principle of complementarity is itself best read as a conjecture of unusually wide scope, on the nature and future course of explanations in the sciences (and not only the physical sciences). If it must be judged a failure today, it is not because of any internal inconsistency.     

Scientific Review: Spectroscopy at IPNS: Recent Instrumental Upgrade and Scientific Highlights

IPNS has four neutron spectrometers: two chopper spectrometers, HRMECS and LRMECS, and two crystal-analyzer spectrometers, QENS and CHEX. At the outset, HRMECS, LRMECS, and QENS (preceded by CAS in the 1980s) were fully users-dedicated instruments. CHEX was an add-on and has been a prototype for pilot experiments and for further development. Over the years, steady incremental improvements have been made on these spectrometers. Recently, QENS and HRMECS have undergone substantial upgrade both in hardware and software. Here, we describe the design and operation of QENS and HRMECS and illustrate their scientific capabilities by selected examples. Other details concerning IPNS' spectrometers are given elsewhere [1].