Interaction behaviors for the ( $$\varvec{2+1}$$ 2 + 1 )-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - The chimera state, exhibiting a hybrid state of coexisting coherent and incoherent behaviors, has become a fast growing field in the past decade. In this paper, we investigate...     

New bilinear Bäcklund transformation with multisoliton solutions for the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera model

In this paper, the (2+1)-dimensional Sawada–Kotera model is studied with the Hirota bilinear method, gauge transformation and symbolic computation. Based on an alternative bilinear representation of the model, a bilinear Bäcklund transformation (BT) with three arbitrary constants is derived. Via applying a gauge transformation to this BT and choosing suitable constant parameters, three other sets of bilinear BTs are constructed, among which, the last set is treated as a new bilinear BT and denoted as BTIV hereby. Finally, by performing the perturbation technique on the new bilinear BT, namely BTIV, multisoliton solutions are iteratively achieved, and as an example, the one-, two- and three-soliton solutions are explicitly given. Note that formulas of the soliton solutions obtained hereby through solving the BTIV are different from the previous ones in other literature.     

Abundant fission and fusion solutions in the ( $$2+1$$ 2 + 1 )-dimensional generalized Calogero–Bogoyavlenskii–Schiff equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - Fission and fusion are important phenomena, which have been observed experimentally in many physical areas. In this paper, we study the above two phenomena in the ( $$2+1$$...     

Bilinear form,soliton, breather,lump and hybrid solutions for a ( $$varvec{2+1}$$ 2 + 1 )-dimensional Sawada–Kotera equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, we investigate a ( $$2+1$$ )-dimensional Sawada–Kotera (SK) equation for the atmosphere, rivers, lakes, oceans, as well as the conformal field and...     

Solitons and periodic waves for the (2 + 1)-dimensional generalized Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada equation in fluid mechanics

Nonlinear Dynamics - Fluid mechanics has the applications in a wide range of disciplines, such as oceanography, astrophysics, meteorology, and biomedical engineering. Under investigation in this...     

Exact solutions with elastic interactions for the (2 $$+$$ + 1)-dimensional extended Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this work, the $$(2+1)$$ -dimensional extended Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, which models the surface waves and internal waves in straits or channels, is...     

New interaction of high-order breather solutions,lump solutions and mixed solutions for (3+1)-dimensional Hirota–Satsuma–Ito-like equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - Under investigation in this letter is an (3+1)-dimensional Hirota–Satsuma–Ito-like equation, which provide strong support for studying the dynamic behavior of...     

Studies on the breather solutions for the $$\mathbf{(2+1)}$$ -dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation in fluids and plasmas

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, we study the $$(2 + 1)$$ -dimensional variable-coefficient Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation, which has certain applications in fluids and plasmas. Via the...     

Characteristics of the solitary waves and lump waves with interaction phenomena in a (2 + 1)-dimensional generalized Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada equation

In this paper, we consider a (\(2+1\))-dimensional generalized Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada (gCDGKS) equation, which is a higher-order generalization of the celebrated Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation. By considering the Hirota bilinear form of the CDGKS equation, we study a type of exact interaction waves by the way of vector notations. The interaction solutions, which possess extensive applications in the nonlinear system, are composed by lump wave parts and soliton wave parts, respectively. Under certain conditions, this kind of solutions can be transformed into the pure lump waves or the stripe solitons. Moreover, we provide the graphical analysis of such solutions in order to better understand their dynamical behavior.     

Nonlinear localized waves resonance and interaction solutions of the (3 + 1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - This paper deals with localized waves in the (3+1)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli equation in the incompressible fluid. Based on Hirota’s...     

Nonlinear interaction of solitary waves described by multi-rational wave solutions of the (2 $$+$$ + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation with variable coefficients

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, the generalized unified method is used to construct multi-rational wave solutions of the ( $$2 + 1$$ )-dimensional Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation with...     

Semi-rational solutions for a $$(2+1)$$ ( 2 + 1 ) -dimensional Davey–Stewartson system on the surface water waves of finite depth

Nonlinear Dynamics - Under investigation in this work is a $$(2+1)$$ -dimensional Davey–Stewartson system, which describes the surface water wave packets of finite depth. With respect to the...     

General high-order rational solutions and their dynamics in the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo–Miwa equation

General high-order rational solutions are derived for the (3+1)-dimensional Jimbo–Miwa equation based on the Hirota bilinear form. The solutions are presented in terms of Gram determinants; the elements of determinants are connected to Schur polynomials and have simple algebraic expressions. Their dynamic behaviors are researched using three-dimensional imagery and contour plots. It is revealed that different kinds of solutions appear in (x, y) plane and (y, z) plane. When one of these internal parameters in the rational solutions is sufficiently large, in (x, y) plane Lump solutions appear with obvious geometric structures, which are deconstructed by a first-order Lump such as triangle, pentagon, and nonagon, among others; in (y, z) plane rational line soliton solutions with maximum background amplitude changing over time appear. These findings might help us comprehend the nonlinear wave propagation processes in the many nonlinear physical systems.

     

Analytical study of rational and double-soliton rational solutions governed by the KdV–Sawada–Kotera–Ramani equation with variable coefficients

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this work, we construct rational and double-soliton rational solutions of the KdV–Sawada–Kotera–Ramani equation with variable coefficients by using the...     

Singular soliton,shock-wave,breather-stripe soliton,hybrid solutions and numerical simulations for a (2+1)-dimensional Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada system in fluid mechanics

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, a (2+1)-dimensional Caudrey–Dodd–Gibbon–Kotera–Sawada system is investigated in fluid mechanics via the symbolic computation. With the...     

Interaction solutions between lump and stripe soliton to the (2+1)-dimensional Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa equation

Nonlinear Dynamics - In this paper, we apply the ansatz method to the multi-linear form of the (2+1)-dimensional Date–Jimbo–Kashiwara–Miwa equation for constructing interaction...     

Bell-polynomial approach and soliton solutions for the Zhiber–Shabat equation and (2+1)-dimensional Gardner equation with symbolic computation

Under investigation in this paper are the Zhiber?CShabat and (2+1)-dimensional Gardner equations in quantum fields, fluids and plasmas. Via the Hirota method and symbolic computation, the Bell-polynomial approach is performed to directly bilinearize those equations. For the Zhiber?CShabat equation, based on the bilinear form with an auxiliary variable, the bell-shaped soliton, upside-down bell-shaped soliton and breather-like solutions are obtained. Figures are plotted to illustrate the elastic interactions between two upside-down bell-shaped solitons and the interaction between the breather-like. As to the (2+1)-dimensional Gardner equation, bilinear form, B?cklund transformation, one- and two-shock wave solutions are derived. Amplitude-compression and amplification interactions are investigated analytically and graphically.