钢筋混凝土T型梁在不同荷载(裂纹)下的试验模态分析及非线性外推

混凝土结构在大荷载作用下出现裂纹,其模态参数呈非线性规律.本文采用分段线性假设进行简化,即认为结构在不同级的荷载下对应有局部的线性特性.对钢筋混凝土T型简支梁在若干不同等级纯力加载并产生相应裂纹的情况下,分别进行试验模态分析,然后用非线性最小二乘拟合的方法,对所得各线性结果进行综合,以推求各种载荷作用(裂纹)下模态参数非线性变化规律.有关研究表明,将这种方法提供的结果用于桥梁承载力的动态法测定是合理可行的.     

Nonlinear Modal Analysis of Structural Systems Using Multi-Mode Invariant Manifolds

In this paper, an invariant manifold approach is introduced for the generationof reduced-order models for nonlinear vibrations of multi-degrees-of-freedomsystems. In particular, the invariant manifold approach for defining andconstructing nonlinear normal modes of vibration is extended to the case ofmulti-mode manifolds. The dynamic models obtained from this technique capture the essential coupling between modes of interest, while avoiding coupling fromother modes. Such an approach is useful for modeling complex systemresponses, and is essential when internal resonances exist between modes.The basic theory and a general, constructive methodology for the method arepresented. It is then applied to two example problems, one analytical andthe other finite-element based. Numerical simulation results are obtainedfor the full model and various types of reduced-order models, including theusual projection onto a set of linear modes, and the invariant manifoldapproach developed herein. The results show that the method is capable ofaccurately representing the nonlinear system dynamics with relatively fewdegrees of freedom over a range of vibration amplitudes.     

用非线性模态综合法模拟碰撞接触区应力

本文从振动分析的观点出发,研究了线弹性系统的碰撞问题.文中借助有限元方法确定参与碰撞之系统的动力学特性,然后应用非线性模态综合法对碰撞过程进行模拟计算,得到了接触面皮下微深处的应力分布及其随时间变化的规律.文中指出:只要有碰撞存在,接触表面的挤压应力就一定能够超过材料的线弹性极限而出现塑性变形或破坏.     

大型转子-基础-地基系统的非线性动力分析

针对实际工程中的大型机组，在线性理论分析基础上，引入转子系统的非线性油膜力项，采用子结构模态综合法，形成一个比较接近实际大型汽轮发电机组的包括陀螺转子-非稳态非线性油膜转承-弹性基础-地基系统的非线性系统计算模型。通过对系统方程进行分块直接积分求解，得到了不同位置的轴承在不同转速和不同转子偏心量下引起的系统非线性动力学现象，为大机组的非线性分析和改进提供较完善的理论分析和计算的基础。     

模态分析和有限元法结合识别机械结构结合面动力学参数的研究

本文探讨了一种将实验模态分析和有限元法相结合，识别机械结构结合面动力学参数的新方法，以解决大型复杂机装拆不例，难于用实验方法识别部件间结合面动力学参数的问题。用些方法识别了一台遥臂钻床的接触度和接触阻尼。     

改进的直接部件模态综合法

Yee和Tsuei提出的直接部件模态综合法将自由界面模态综合法与频响函数相结合 ,简化了计算过程、减少了计算量 ,并便于与实验模态分析相结合。本文在其基础上利用矩阵级数展开的方法将被截断高阶模态的贡献用保留模态和系统物理特性矩阵精确表达 ,结合分块计算方法 ,进一步减少了计算量并有效地提高了计算精度 ,且确定了模态截断准则。数值算例表明其行之有效     

一般粘弹结构的模态分析

分析了一般粘弹结构特征值问题的特点 ,建立了一般粘弹结构的模态分析方法。与粘弹结构已有的模态分析方法相比 ,该方法通用于更一般的粘弹结构 ,在形式上不涉及粘弹本构关系项 ,并只涉及一种模态向量     

冲击波荷载作用下拉线塔的非线性动力分析

拉线塔是一种含有柔索的非线性结构。在冲击波荷载作用下,拉线塔在三维空间内会产生大范围的非线性位移,用工程上常用的模型简化方法来分析大变形拉线塔的误差比较大。本文采用非线性有限元法编制的可在微机上运行的拉线塔非线性静、动力分析程序,计算了单根柔索的阶跃冲击响应与冲击波荷载作用下拉线塔的非线性几何大变形动力响应,计算结果与有关文献的计算结果以及试验结果非常吻合。     

Nonlinear Random Response of Cylindrical Panels to Acoustic Excitations Using Finite Element Modal Method

This paper investigates large amplitude multi-mode free vibration andrandom response of thin cylindrical panels of rectangular planform usinga finite element modal formulation. A thin laminated composite doublycurved element is developed. The system equation in structural nodal DOFis transformed into the modal coordinates by the using the modes of theunderlying linear system. The nonlinear stiffness matrices are alsotransformed into nonlinear modal stiffness matrices. Numericalintegration is employed to determine free vibration and random response.Single-mode free vibration results are compared with existing classicalanalytical solutions to validate the nonlinear modal formulation.Nonlinear random analysis results for cylindrical panels have shown thatthe root mean square of panel deflections could be larger than thoseobtained using the linear structure theory. Time histories, probabilitydistribution functions, power spectral densities, and phase plane plotsare also presented.     

Resonance,Parameter Estimation,and Modal Interactions in a Strongly Nonlinear Benchtop Oscillator

We study the vibrations of a strongly nonlinear, electromechanically forced, benchtop experimental oscillator. We consciously avoid first-principles derivations of the governing equations, with an eye towards more complex practical applications where such derivations are difficult. Instead, we spend our effort in using simple insights from the subject of nonlinear oscillations to develop a quantitatively accurate model for the single-mode resonant behavior of our oscillator. In particular, we assume an SDOF model for the oscillator; and develop a structure for, and estimate the parameters of, this model. We validate the model thus obtained against experimental free and forced vibration data. We find that, although the qualitative dynamics is simple, some effort in the modeling is needed to quantitatively capture the dynamic response well. We also briefly study the higher dimensional dynamics of the oscillator, and present some experimental results showing modal interactions through a 0:1 internal resonance, which has been studied elsewhere. The novelty here lies in the strong nonlinearity of the slow mode.     

环境随机激励下斜拉桥的模态分析

文章首先给出了利用环境随机激励实际工程结构输出响应自功率谱间接识别柔性结构模态参数的方法,并运用它对一斜拉桥现场测试结果进行了分析。然后建立了三维有限单元模型,得到了该桥自振频率和振型的理论值。脉动实验测得的结构自振频率和振型与用三维有限单元模型得到的理论值的对比发现,绝大部分模态吻合得较好,特别是竖向振型     

山地输电线动刚度计算及模态分析

为了揭示地形变化对连续档输电线动态特性的影响，本文提出了基于任意高差角的动刚度理论．首先将单档导线视为连续档导线的子结构，构建了两悬挂点不等高的单档导线振动方程，并在该理论方程中引入了二次项，能够考虑重力沿弦向分量的影响，推导出绝缘子串绕其悬挂点转动的动刚度计算方法，通过动刚度理论研究连续档导线横向振动模态和频率，并应用有限元软件ABAQUS 验证理论模态和频率公式的准确性．所得结果表明，动刚度的计算方法具有较高的精度，理论模态与有限元输出结果吻合较好，同时获得的频率和模态可为山地高压输电线路防舞技术的研究提供依据．     

简化有限元方法的波纹管模态分析

采用简化方法对单层U型波纹管进行有限元模态分析。在长度,质量,对轴线转动惯量,体积,轴向弹簧比率以及周向弹簧比率不变的前提下,把波纹管简化成直壁薄管,用直壁薄管模型代替波纹管模型进行有限元模态计算。简化了计算模型,减少了计算量,提高了计算效率。本文给出了明确的等效直壁薄管的几何参数,物性参数的求解公式,改变了Broman人为设定直壁薄管厚度的方法,取得了更加准确的计算结果,使利用直壁薄管模型求解波纹管固有频率具有通用意义。进行了直壁薄管模型得到模态振型与波纹管模型得到模态振型之间的比较,认为直壁薄管模型可以求解波纹管的振型。     

用模态试验结果修改力学模型初探

利用试验模态分析结果,对有限元力学模型本身或其中某些参数进行修改是必要的和有工程意义的。这一“修改”既是数学上的优化问题又是工程设计问题。本文介绍自研制的“结构动力修改程序”,述及一般原理及框图,并给出一个悬臂梁实例。     

Experimental Investigation of the Nonlinear Response of a Hanging Cable. Part I: Local Analysis

An experimental model of an elastic cable carrying eight concentrated masses and hanging at in-phase or out-of-phase vertically moving supports is considered. The system parameters are adjusted to approximately realize multiple 1:1 and 2:1 internal resonance conditions involving planar and nonplanar, symmetric and antisymmetric modes. Response measurements are made in various frequency ranges including meaningful external resonance conditions. A local analysis of the system response is made on the basis of numerous amplitude-frequency and amplitude-forcing plots obtained in different ranges of the control parameter space. Attention is mainly devoted to the detection of the main features of the regular motions exhibited by the system, and to the analysis of the relevant phenomena of nonlinear modal interaction, competition, and local bifurcation between planar and nonplanar regular responses. The resulting picture appears very rich and varied.     

空间网格结构动力分析的非线性模态方法

空间网格结构因自由度数多且无简化的力学模型,非线性动力分析通常要耗费大量时间．传统的非线性模态方法用于求解多高层结构的局部非线性问题已获得良好的效果,但对系统非线性问题的应用尚缺少研究．对比分析多高层结构和空间网格结构动力性能差异,指出网格结构动力非线性分析存在的问题．以主振型理论和切线刚度分离法为基础,将非线性模态方法用于几何非线性效应显著的空间网格结构动力分析．通过对运动方程的非线性恢复力进行拆分,形成线性表达形式,然后解耦到主振型所在的广义坐标系,以达到缩减自由度数量的目的．并通过实例验证非线性模态方法的高效性与适用性．     

柴油机机体的模态试验与分析法

柴油机机体是柴油机的主体结构部件，研究其动态特性对于了解整机的振动特性非常重要。本文介绍了柴油机机体的试验模态分析方法，以及用该方法分析了６１０８型柴油机机体。求得该机体的前八阶模态频率、阻尼及振型，为该机体的结构改进和柴油机的减振降噪提供了依据     

A Simple Nonlinear Thermodynamic Theory of Arbitrary Elastic Beams

A ‘classical’ theory of beams (i.e., a theory in which the basic kinetic variables are a stress resultant and a stress couple) undergoing elastic, thermodynamic processes is developed by first deriving exact beamlike (one-dimensional) equations of motion and a beamlike Second Law (Clausius–Duhem inequality) by descent from three-dimensions. Then what may be considered as the three basic assumptions of a classical theory are introduced: an assumed form of the First Law (conservation of energy), a relaxed form of the Second Law, and a general form of the constitutive relations. Throughout, detailed specification of geometry, kinematics, or constitution is minimized. It is shown how the kinematic Kirchhoff hypothesis may be avoided by first introducing a mixed-energy density and then imposing a logically more satisfying constitutive Kirchhoff hypothesis. Mathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 74A15, 74B20, 74K10     

钢－混凝土组合梁非线性有限元分析

提出了部分剪力连接钢-混凝土组合梁非线性有限元分析的简化模型，该模型同时考虑了钢、混凝土材料的非线性本构关系和剪力连接件的滑移非线性对组合梁刚度和强度的影响，推导了考虑滑移的剪力连接件单元刚度矩阵。利用该模型计算了连续组合梁的极限荷载、挠度、应力以及滑移，与已有的理论计算结果和实验结果吻合，证明本方法分析钢-混凝土组合梁非线性的可靠性和实用性。     

NONLINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FLEXIBLE MULTIBODY SYSTEM

The nonlinear dynamic equations of a multibody system composed of ?exible beams are derived by using the Lagrange multiplier method. The nonlinear Euler beam theory with inclusion of axial deformation e?ect is employed and its deformation ?eld is …