硝基苯并咪唑衍生物的合成、表征及抑菌活性的测定

以苯并咪唑为原料,经硝化、二茂铁磺酰化等步骤,合成了8种未见文献报道的硝基苯并咪唑衍生物,其结构经MS,¹H NMR和元素分析确证.由于硝基苯并咪唑的互变异构,二茂铁磺酰化后,产生两个异构体,用X射线衍射仪测定了化合物2a的晶体结构.初步的抑菌实验结果表明,该系列化合物具有良好的抑菌作用,其抑菌活性均优于对照药剂50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂.     

硝基苯并咪唑衍生物的合成、表征及抑茵活性的测定

以苯并咪唑为原料，经硝化、二茂铁磺酰化等步骤，合成了8种未见文献报道的硝基苯并咪唑衍生物，其结构经MS，^1H NMR和元素分析确证．由于硝基苯并咪唑的互变异构，二茂铁磺酰化后，产生两个异构体，用X射线衍射仪测定了化合物2a的晶体结构．初步的抑菌实验结果表明，该系列化合物具有良好的抑菌作用，其抑菌活性均优于对照药剂50％多菌灵可湿性粉剂．     

含吗啉环的2-苯并咪唑基氰基甲酮肟醚的合成及杀菌活性

利用活性结构拼接原理,以2-苯并咪唑乙腈、亚硝酸钠、氯乙酰吗啉、卤代烃等为原料,经过肟化、取代和醚化等三步反应合成了一系列新型的[1-(4-吗啉基)羰基亚甲基苯并咪唑-2-基]氰基甲酮肟醚(4a~4h),其结构经IR,NMR,MS和元素分析确认.初步生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对生菜灰霉菌和番茄菌核菌有较高的抑制活性,与对照药剂多菌灵相比,含4-氟苄基或4-氯苄基的化合物4e,4f活性优异.     

二喹唑啉二硒醚类化合物的合成及抑菌活性研究

以邻氨基苯甲酸或取代邻氨基苯甲酸为起始原料,应用电子等排原理设计并合成了一系列二喹唑啉二硒醚类化合物,化合物均经IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR和元素分析进行结构确证。采用体外生长速率法测定了目标化合物的抑菌活性,结果表明,化合物1b、1c、1d、1h、1i和1j对小麦赤霉病原菌、辣椒枯萎病原菌、苹果腐烂病原菌、半夏立枯病原菌、水稻纹枯病原菌、油菜菌核病原菌、黄瓜灰霉病原菌、马铃薯晚疫病原菌、苹果炭疽病原菌等9种测试病原菌具有良好的抑菌活性。而且,化合物1b在药剂浓度为50μg/m L时抑菌活性强于商品化的阳性对照药剂恶霉灵。     

含嘧啶取代1,3,4-噁二唑(噻二唑)硫醚化合物的合成及抗菌活性研究

以2-甲基-4-氨基-5-氰基嘧啶为原料,通过水解、酯化、肼解、环化和醚化等步骤,合成了12个含1,3,4-噁二唑(噻二唑)取代嘧啶化合物。通过1H NMR、13C NMR、MS和元素分析进行结构确证。初步抑菌活性测试标明,化合物6f和6f'在50μg/m L时对油菜菌核病菌(S. sclerotiorum)、马铃薯晚疫病菌(P.infestans)、水稻纹枯病(T. cucumeris)、小麦赤霉病菌(G. zeae)具有中等抑制率,其活性与对照药剂醚菌酯相当。     

2-(1H-苯并咪唑-2-基)-5-取代-1,3,4-噁二唑化合物的合成及抑菌活性

以苯并咪唑-2-甲酸、水合肼、取代苯基异硫氰酸酯和取代苯甲酸等为原料,经多步反应合成了16种2-(苯并咪唑-2-基)-5-取代苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑和2-(苯并咪唑-2-基)-5-取代苯胺基-1,3,4-噁二唑新化合物,并考察了微波辐射对反应的影响.产物结构利用IR,1H NMR,13C NMR和元素分析确证.用生长速率法测试了目标化合物对番茄灰霉病菌和小麦菌核病菌的离体抑制活性,结果表明3种化合物对番茄灰霉病菌有很高的抑制活性,其EC50分别为2.55,6.34和5.12μg/mL,活性高于对照药剂多菌灵(EC50=7.40μg/mL).     

1-芳基-3-(3-(4-氧香豆素基)苯基)硫脲衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

为了筛选出具有较高抑菌活性的含香豆素的硫脲类衍生物,本文以4-羟基香豆素为原料,经氯化、醚化、异硫氰酸化和加成反应合成了一系列1-芳基-3-(3-(4-氧香豆素基)苯基)硫脲衍生物,其结构经红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振谱(NMR)和质谱(MS)等技术手段进行了表征。结果表明,目标化合物对水稻白叶枯菌和柑橘溃疡菌均具有较好的抑制活性。其中化合物4k、4l、4m和4n抑制水稻白叶枯菌活性EC_(50)值分别为137.42、131.05、129.23和117.43 mg/L,优于对照药剂噻菌铜的活性(195.24 mg/L);化合物4k、4l、4m和4n抑制柑橘溃疡菌活性EC_(50)值分别为97.02、94.31、102.28和90.52 mg/L,优于噻菌铜的活性(120.25 mg/L)。     

4-烷氧基苯甲醛-4-氨基安替比林希夫碱的合成及抑菌活性

报道了4-氨基安替比林与4-烷氧基苯甲醛缩合反应生成希夫碱的合成和抑菌活性,分子结构由1HNMR、IR和元素分析表征;抑菌活性测定结果表明,化合物(5a,5d,5e,5f,5g)对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、黑霉菌、青霉菌(抑菌环直径15.3 ～ 21.70 mm)均有较好的抑菌活性,其中化合物(5f)对黑霉菌(抑菌环直径26.20 mm)有优良的抑菌活性.     

含嘧啶取代1,3,4-噁二唑(噻二唑)硫醚化合物的合成及抗菌活性研究

以2-甲基-4-氨基-5-氰基嘧啶为原料,通过水解、酯化、肼解、环化和醚化等步骤,合成了12个含1,3,4-噁二唑(噻二唑)取代嘧啶化合物。通过₁H NMR,₁₃C NMR,MS 和元素分析进行确证其结构。初步抑菌活性测试标明,化合物浓度在50 μg/mL时,化合物6f和6f′对油菜菌核病菌(S. sclerotiorum)、马铃薯晚疫病菌(P. infestans)、水稻纹枯病(T. cucumeris)、小麦赤霉病菌(G. zeae)具有中等抑制率,其活性与对照药剂醚菌酯相当。     

苯并咪唑并氮杂糖的结构修饰及其β-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性

源于D-核糖的苯并咪唑并氮杂糖1和2具有良好的β-葡萄糖糖苷酶抑制活性,对其苯环部位结构修饰,通过Mitsunobu反应合成了30个新型苯环不同位置上含单取代基的苯并咪唑并氮杂糖稠合三环衍生物11a～11g, 12a～12g,13a～13h和14a～14h.测试了新合成化合物对β-葡萄糖糖苷酶(杏仁)的抑制活性.结果显示,化合物13e和13f与14f的混合物对β-葡萄糖糖苷酶(杏仁)表现出优越的酶抑制活性, IC50值分别为0.49和0.25μmol/L,活性高于阳性对照米格列醇的酶抑制活性.构效分析表明,稠合三环氮杂糖中的六元氮杂糖环形式有利于此类苯并咪唑并氮杂糖三环衍生物的β-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性.苯环上3'或4'位连有给电基团,如甲基、甲氧基等,将极大地促进化合物的酶抑制活性.     

宝明页岩柴油碱性氮化物的梯度富集及GC-MS分析

利用溶剂萃取和柱色谱等技术浓缩分离新疆宝明页岩油柴油馏分中的碱性氮化物。以宝明页岩柴油为原料,经糠醛溶剂精制,初步得到富集碱性氮化物的抽出油。以抽出油为深度富集碱性氮化物的原料,采用柱色谱等分离方法,从抽出油中分离得到碱性氮化物。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分别对富集的碱性氮化物进行官能团检测和定性、定量分析。结果表明:新疆宝明页岩油柴油馏分中的碱性氮化物经溶剂精制和柱色谱等分离方法梯度富集后,碱性氮化物的质量分数由抽出油的12.08%提高到最终产物的69.48%,并在富集分离的产物中鉴定出60种碱性氮化物,其中主要为苯胺类、喹啉类和吡啶类化合物,各占25.85%,23.56%和16.52%。     

Modeling diamagnetic and magnetooptic properties of organic compounds with the TOSS-MODE approach

The topological substructural molecular design (TOSS-MODE) approach is used to describe the diamagnetic susceptibility of organic compounds. Two data sets composed of 233 aliphatic and 85 aromatic compounds were studied for which good linear correlations were found. The contributions of many different structural fragments and atomic groups were computed by the current approach. The predictive ability of the models developed was tested by using external prediction sets of compounds of different classes than those used in training. A quantitative model based on the current approach was developed to compute the diamagnetic susceptibility exaltation of aromatic compounds, which is exemplified by the study of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The rotatory power of organic compounds in a magnetic field was also described by the TOSS-MODE approach. Good linear correlations were obtained for this property in aliphatic and aromatic compounds. The predictive abilities of the models found were tested by external prediction sets for which good correlations between calculated and experimental values are found.     

催化柴油中氮化物分布的气相色谱-原子发射光谱分析方法的研究

建立了催化柴油馏分中各种氮化物类型分布的气相色谱-原子发射光谱(GC-AED)分析方法,考察了色谱条件和不同的试剂气压力对各种氮化物分离和检测灵敏度的影响,定性(或归类)了某典型催化柴油中的73个氮化物,计算了程升条件下各种氮化物的保留指数,为不同实验室的定性比较提供了依据。以峰面积对质量浓度作图,氮化物在2.0~600 mg/L浓度范围内,AED检测器对不同氮化物有良好的线性响应,线性相关系数达0.998。几种氮化物(吲哚、1-甲基吲哚、C2-吲哚、咔唑、1-甲基咔唑、1,8-二甲基咔唑)峰面积的相对标     

Methylation of inorganic arsenic by arsenic-tolerant freshwater algae

Five arsenic-resistant freshwater algae which had been isolated from an arsenic-polluted environment were studied for the biotransformation of arsenic compounds accumulated by them from the aqueous phase. The algal cells bioaccumulating arsenic were digested by 2 mol dm^?3 NaOH at 95°C, the As? C bonds except for As? CH₃ were cleaved by the treatment and the methylated arsenic compounds were reduced to the corresponding arsines by sodium borohydride (hydride generation). The arsines were chromatographically separated on the basis of their boiling-point difference and determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Methylated arsenic compounds were found in all algal cells. The predominant arsenic species in the cells, however, were non-methylated arsenic compounds which were mainly present in the residue of a chloroform–methanol extract. The non-methylated arsenic compounds were found to be not present in the free inorganic arsenic substrate and to be bound strongly with proteins or polysaccharides in the cells. Methylated arsenic compounds were found mainly in the lipid-soluble fractions and the major form was a dimethylarsenic compound. Trimethyl- and monomethyl-arsenic compounds were detected but at very low level. The dimethylarsinic acid was not present in the free form in the lipid-soluble fraction and should be bound with a lipid molecule. It was also found that the accumulation of arsenic by Nostoc occurred only in living cells.     

Analysis of the iron state in ferric and ferrous iron containing pharmaceutical products by Mössbauer spectroscopy

Summary An analysis of the iron state in commercial pharmaceuticals containing ferric and ferrous iron compounds, which are used for treatment of iron deficiency, was made by M?ssbauer spectroscopy. Small variations of the FeOOH cores of injectable iron-dextran complexes were observed. The presence of ferrous impurity in iron-dextran complexes was found. Characterization of the iron state in vitamins and dietary supplements containing ferrous compounds was made. The presence of ferrous and ferric impurities and iron compounds that were in disagreement with compounds announced by the manufacturer was detected by M?ssbauer spectroscopy.     

氰基乙烯基苯胺衍生物的电化学行为

本文利用循环伏安法研究了电子给-受体模型化合物——氰基乙烯基苯胺衍生物的电化学行为,并对推电子取代基团—NH_2和—N(CH_3)_2与吸电子取代基团氰基乙烯基对化合物电化学行为的影响进行了较为详细的讨论.提出了这些化合物的电氧化态和电还原态的结构,通过分析比较叔、仲和伯自由基对化合物电化学行为的影响,探讨了电极反应机理.     

哌啶酮类法尼基转移酶抑制剂的设计、合成及初步抗肿瘤活性研究

利用计算机辅助药物设计软件Catalyst构建了哌啶酮类法尼基转移酶抑制剂的药效团模型, 结合所构建的药效团模型, 设计并合成出17个哌啶酮类化合物, 其中16个目标化合物未见文献报道, 其结构均经IR, MS及¹H NMR等确证. 利用MTT法得到其对于肿瘤细胞抑制的IC₅₀值. 初步生物活性测试表明, 目标化合物均具有抑瘤活性, 其中11个化合物的IC₅₀值低于阳性对照5-Fu, 并且实测值与所构建的药效团模型的预测值相关性较好.     

海洋放线菌S592次级代谢产物及其体外抑菌活性研究

对海洋放线菌S592的次级代谢产物以及体外抑菌活性进行研究.将菌株S592进行大量发酵,采用色谱方法对菌株发酵产物进行分离纯化,通过波谱技术对所获单体化合物进行结构鉴定,并测定化合物的体外抑菌活性.从海洋放线菌S592中分离得到6个化合物,含2个螺环抗生素lobophorin类化合物,1个环肽类化合物,2个苯甲酰胺类化...