单晶金微米片的电磁场增强及伴随的SERS效应

我们通过SERS的方法研究了单个金微米片表面不同区域的电磁场增强。首次对单个金属粒子采用拉曼区域成像的方法为电磁场增强提供了直接的实验证据。用结晶紫作为探针分子,通过对金微米六边形及截断的金微米三角形的SERS研究,直接证明金属粒子的边和角比面的电磁场增强更强。排除分子吸附、杂质干扰、晶体缺陷、表面活性剂等因素的影响,最后得出金微米片上电磁场增强的强弱顺序是角#边#面。     

基于Klarite芯片的表面增强拉曼散射特性研究

本文介绍了一种商用的表面增强拉曼芯片(Klarite),并对其表面形貌、拉曼活性进行了表征和测试分析.Klarite芯片由于独特的倒金字塔形设计使得其具有较好的拉曼活性、稳定性和重现性,为生命科学和分析化学研究提供了有力的研究工具.此外,我们对Klarite芯片在外电磁场作用下的表面电场分布进行了模拟,发现一个结构单元...     

偶联分子对金纳米粒子在玻片上组装的影响

将金纳米粒子组装在用3-氨基丙基-三乙氧基硅烷(APES)修饰的普通玻片上,再分别用偶联分子对巯基苯胺、1,4-二巯基苯在该基底上再次组装金纳米粒子,结果表明用对巯基苯胺作为组装的偶联分子得到双层金纳米粒子结构,对巯基苯胺的表面增强拉曼光谱信号得到增强,而用1,4-二巯基苯作为组装的偶联分子得到单层金纳米粒子结构。     

Effect of built-in electric field on electron Raman scattering in InGaN/GaN coupled quantum wells

Electron Raman scattering (ERS) in wurtzite In_xGaN_1−x/GaN coupled quantum wells (CQWs) is investigated by effective-mass approximation and second-perturbation approach, including a strong built-in electric field (BEF) effect due to the piezoelectricity and spontaneous polarization. The dependence of differential cross-section (DCS) on structural parameters of CQWs is studied. Our results show that the strong BEF gives rise to a remarkable reduction of the DCS, which is around three orders smaller than that of the CQWs without BEF. With the presence of the BEF, the emitted photon energy decreases about 10 times as a consequence of quantum-confined Stark effect.     

Compton scattering of 59.5 keV gamma rays from p-Si sample in an external electric field

This study is related to Compton scattering of photons from a p-Si sample whose surface charge density distributions are changed by an external electric field. The external electric field intensity in the range 0-75 kV/m was used to change the surface charge density distributions of the sample. The sample surface perpendicular to the electric field was selected as the scattering surface. The p-Si sample was bombarded by 59.5 keV γ-photons emitting from an Am-241 point source. The Compton scattered photons at an angle of 90^o were detected by an Si(Li) detector. The Compton scattering intensity suddenly increased with the application of the electric field since the applied electric field distorts both the negatively charged scattering center (free electron, bound electron, ionized acceptor) and the positively charged scattering center (hole) and their momentum distribution in the sample. There is a good third-order polynominal relation between the Compton scattering intensity and the increasing (or decreasing) electric field intensity. The results show that the positively charged scattering centers behave like negatively charged scattering centers, but the latter are slightly more effective than the former in the Compton scattering of γ-rays from the sample in the electric field.     

基于多尺度理论的电各向异性介质椭球内电场

 基于电磁场的多尺度变换理论,将一个各向异性介质椭球重构为一个各向同性介质椭球,进一步得到了新椭球的形体参数。利用各向同性椭球电磁场与各向异性椭球电磁场的多尺度关系,得出了各向异性介质椭球内电场的解析表达式,对所得结果进行了验证。计算了椭球内电场方向与外电场方向的夹角,仿真结果表明：外电场的方向对椭球内电场的影响不大,介电常数张量对椭球内电场的方向和大小有较大的影响。     

溶液酸碱性对腺嘌呤分子吸附构型影响的SERS光谱研究

核酸碱基是构成核酸的基本单元,有关核酸碱基结构的研究是核酸研究工作的重要基础。本研究借助于表面增强拉曼散射技术,对不同pH值条件下腺嘌呤分子在金表面的吸附构型及其变化特征进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着溶液酸性的增强、腺嘌呤分子质子化程度的增大,腺嘌呤分子在金表面的吸附态倾向于由通过氨基和嘌呤环上7位的氮原子作为结合点的直立吸附转变为分子平躺的吸附形式。这一转变过程通过腺嘌呤的环呼吸全对称伸缩振动的特征谱峰其强度有规律的显著变化而得以表征。有关这一谱峰的增强作用可以通过表面增强拉曼散射的电荷传递(CT)机理来加以说明。     

Internal electric fields due to piezoelectric and spontaneous polarizations in CdZnO/MgZnO quantum well with various applied electric field effects

The strain-induced piezoelectric polarization and the spontaneous polarization can be reduced effectively using the applied electric field in the CdZnO/ZnMgO quantum well (QW) structure with high Cd composition. That is, optical properties as a function of internal and external fields in the CdZnO/ZnMgO QW with various applied electric field result in the increased optical gain due to the fact that the QW potential profile is flattened as a result of the compensation of the internal field by the reverse field as confirmed. These results demonstrate that a high-performance optical device operation can be realized in CdZnO/MgZnO QW structures by reducing the droop phenomenon.     

界面自组装的金/氧化石墨烯复合材料的表面增强拉曼散射行为研究

采用Frens法制备金纳米粒子溶胶,通过界面自组装技术在掺磷的非晶碳衬底表面构筑三维的金/氧化石墨烯/金复合结构.以罗丹明B为探针分子,考察金/氧化石墨烯/金复合材料的表面增强拉曼散射活性.结果表明,由于氧化石墨烯的化学增强和金纳米粒子的电磁场增强的协同作用,在该三维复合材料上获得了很强的罗丹明B拉曼信号.所设计的三维金/氧化石墨烯/金复合材料在生物分析、环境监测、疾病防控、食品安全等领域具有潜在的应用价值.     

Surface-enhanced Raman on gold nanoparticles for the identification of the most common adulterant of Astragali Radix

Adulterant is a common problem in Astragali Radix (a widely used Chinese herbal medicine). In this study, the surface-enhanced Raman technique was used to identify the authentic Astragali Radix and the most common adulterant with the aim to develop a convenient and sensitive method for the adulterant identification. Surface-enhanced Raman spectra combined with multivariate diagnostic algorithm differentiated the authentic Astragali Radix from the adulterant with high sensitivity (100%) and specificity (97.6%). This exploratory work demonstrates that surface-enhanced Raman technology can be used for the rapid and label-free screening of adulterant and has great potential for the quality control of Chinese herbal.     

金纳米棒的飞秒激光组装研究

金属纳米粒子对于研究表面等离子体共振具有非常重要的意义,其自组装形成的功能组装体能够展现出更加优异的整体协同性能.本文通过飞秒激光加工对金纳米棒直接进行组装,不引入其它的修饰剂,过程简单、快速(约1 min),不仅保留了金纳米棒表面等离子特性,且可以实现金纳米棒的任意精细图案化.将组装的微纳结构用于微流控芯片表面增强拉曼散射探测,可以得到很好的增强效果,为等离子体器件的制备提供了新的方法.     

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy coupled with gold nanoparticles for rapid detection of amoxicillin residues in duck meat

Antibiotic residues in meat pose serious threats to human beings and animals, and are one of the main food safety concerns all around the world. A novel method based upon surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with gold nanoparticles was developed in this study for rapid detection of amoxicillin residues in duck meat, one widely used in duck farming. Three different particle sizes of gold nanoparticles were synthesized using 0.3, 0.7, and 1.1?mL 1% trisodium citrate, while 0.7?mL was found to be the optimal volume as Raman enhancement substrate for the detection of amoxicillin residues in duck meat. The amounts of gold nanoparticles (0.5?mL), duck meat extract containing amoxicillin (50?μL), and sodium chloride solution (100?μL), as well as adsorption time (5?min) were optimized by single factor experiments. A calibration curve with the determination coefficient of 0.9661 was established for quantitative analysis of unknown amoxicillin samples. The average recoveries of amoxicillin residues in duck meat extract were 96–139%. This study provided a rapid and simple approach to analyze amoxicillin residues in duck meat in excess of 0.2?mg?L^?1 using SERS coupled with gold nanoparticles, which has the potential for wide applications in the detection of the antibiotic residues in meat.     

金纳米粒子聚集体系的制备及其SERS效应表征

以Na2S作为金纳米粒子的还原制备与聚集剂制备了金纳米粒子聚集体系。在制备过程中通过紫外可见光谱对制备条件进行了优化。TEM表征显示聚集体系中的金纳米粒子均为球形,且聚集状态呈现出较好的均匀性。将这一聚集体系作为SERS基底应用于若干氨基酸分子的SERS光谱表征与分析。初步的研究表明Na2S-金纳米粒子聚集体系可有效地应用于生物分子的SERS光谱表征与分析。     

Plasmonic nanostructures for local field enhancement in the UV region

In this work we describe an ultraviolet subwavelength focusing in plasmonic nanostructures. A system which provides a 20–25 times local field enhancement at a wavelength of 350 nm is proposed. This system represents a metalized V-shaped groove in a surface of a dielectric medium. Subwavelength focusing is achieved by a plasmon wave propagation along the surface of metal film and by the transfer of electromagnetic field through the dielectric medium. The influence of system parameters on a local field enhancement is investigated. A simplified model that allows for determining the geometric parameters of an optimized resonator is proposed.     

现场拉曼光谱研究乙腈在金电极上的解离吸附行为

利用共焦显微拉曼系统、结合合适的电极表面粗糙方法研究了非水体系 0 1mol/LLiClO4 /CH3CN溶液中 ,乙腈分子在金表面的吸附和解离行为。结果表明非水体系中乙腈可在金表面发生还原反应 ,产物CN- 离子与电极表面作用形成的表面配合物可在较宽的电位区间吸附于电极表面。溶液中的微量水、激光照射以及电极电位均对该反应有较大的影响。通过拉曼谱图的比较得出乙腈分子解离出的CN- 在金电极表面比在银电极表面有更强的吸附作用。     

验证感生电场存在的实验

针对磁场变化时激发产生的感生电场很难演示的问题,设计了演示感生电场存在的实验. 该实验将不同功能的仪器组合起来使用,通过亥姆霍兹线圈的交变磁场对带电粒子的作用效果,直观说明感生电场的存在.     

利用磁矢势求解涡旋电场

给出了一种利用磁矢势计算涡旋电场的一般方法,并结合实例验证,以深化学生对磁矢势和涡旋电场概念的理解.     

均匀带电细圆环电场的分布

在柱坐标系中根据电场强度的计算公式,计算出均匀带电细圆环在全空间的电场公布,得到了级数形式解;讨论了圆环平面内、中心轴线上和远区的电场分布情况。