共振光散射法测定环境水样中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

研究了在磷酸介质中,铬(Ⅵ)-碘化钾-吖啶橙(AO)体系的共振散射光谱,考察了它们的光谱特征,影响因素和适宜的反应条件;确定了散射光强度与溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的关系,提出了共振光散射法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法;该法在室温下进行,操作方便,具有较高的灵敏度和较好选择性;线性范围为0．008～0．48mg／L Cr(Ⅵ),方法的检出限为3．8μg／L Cr(Ⅵ);用于环境水样中Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意。     

亮黄共振光散射法测定微量蛋白质

基于蛋白质对生物染色剂亮黄的共振光散射的增强效应,拟定了一种测定蛋白质的共振光散射法。在pH 2.5的Britton Robison缓冲溶液中,亮黄在510 nm处的共振光散射增强与蛋白质浓度呈线性关系。对牛血清白蛋白,线性范围为0.25~11.5 mg·L-1,检出限48μg·L-1。方法用于合成样品和人尿样品中蛋白质的测定,结果满意。     

健那绿共振光散射法测定水样中痕量铬(Ⅵ)

本文研究了在磷酸介质中,铬(Ⅵ)-碘化钾-健那绿(JG)体系的共振光散射(RLS)光谱,考察了它们的光谱特征;在优化条件下,确定了共振光散射强度增加值与溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度的关系,提出了RLS法测定Cr(Ⅵ)的新方法。方法的线性范围为0.01~0.2 mg/L,检出限为2.00μg/L。该方法操作简便,具有较高的灵敏度和较好选择性。用于合成水样中Cr(Ⅵ)的测定,结果满意。     

铬天青S共振光散射法测定脱氧核糖核酸

介绍在阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下阴离子染料铬天青S(CAS)共振光散射(RLS)法测定脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的方法。在pH=5．27的六次甲基四铵一盐酸缓冲溶液中，研究了CAS—CT-MAB—yDNA体系的RLS光谱特征、影响因素和最佳反应条件。在最佳条件下，体系的RLS强度增加值△I与yDNA的浓度在50～800μg／L和1000～2000μg／L呈线性关系，其线性回归方程分别为△I=0．48c 2．56和△I=0．14c 17．86，相关系数分别为0．9997和0．9991，检出限为4．3ng／mL。该方法简便、快速，应用于合成样品中yDNA的测定，测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．93％～4．71％，回收率为97．8％～105．2％。     

吖啶橙共振散射法测定肝素钠

基于肝素钠对吖啶橙的共振散射增强作用,建立了一种测定肝素钠的新方法。在1.0mol/L HCl介质中,吖啶橙与肝素钠反应形成缔合物,使溶液共振散射(RS)增强,且在323nm波长处产生1个较强散射峰。在0.020~2.0μg/mL范围内,体系共振散射信号与肝素钠浓度之间有较好的线性关系,其检出限为0.185ng/mL。该方法灵敏、稳定、选择性好,可直接用于肝素钠注射液中肝素钠含量的测定,回收率为95.6%~102.9%。     

罗丹明B-I-3离子缔合物共振散射测定环境水样中的铬*&和铬*#

研究了在磷酸介质中, 罗丹明B与I-3的离子缔合物的共振散射光谱。确定了散射光强度与溶液中Cr*&浓度的关系。提出了共振散射测定Cr*&的新方法。方法的检出限为2.2 μg／L,线性范围为10.0～500 μg／L。结合离子交换分离法,用于环境水样中铬的形态分析,结果满意。     

共振光散射法测定丁胺卡那霉素

研究了以达旦黄（TY）作为共振光散射探针测定市售药品中丁胺卡那霉素（AMK）的测定方法．该方法基于在pH=5．5的Britton—Robinson缓冲溶液中,达旦黄和丁胺卡那霉素结合后有强烈的共振光散射作用．在λ=482nm处,共振光散射强度（△IRLS）最大且光散射的强度与AMK的浓度在0．4～2．4mg·L^-1范围内成正比（相关系数r=0．9986）,检出限为8．6×10^-3mg·L^-1．该方法简便、快速、灵敏,对1．0mg·L^-1的AMK溶液平行测定11次,RSD=2．57％．用于市售样品的分析测定,结果满意。     

刚果红共振光散射法测定蛋白质

本文研究了生物染料刚果红(Congo red)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)作用的共振光散射光谱,pH为4．35的溶液中,刚果红与人血清白蛋白作用导致在575m处共振光散射明显增强,且共振光散射信号值与蛋白质的浓度具有线性关系。     

共振光散射法测定对乙酰氨基酚

在酸性介质中,对乙酰氨基酚将铁氰酸根离子还原成亚铁氰酸根离子,后者与硫酸锌反应生成K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2粒子引起体系的共振光散射信号显著增强,且波长345 nm处增强的散射信号强度△IRLS与对乙酰氨基酚的浓度在0.01～1.0 μg/mL范围内呈良好线性关系.其线性回归方程为△IRLS=-15.01+4214...     

曙红B共振光散射法测定微量的盐酸异丙嗪

研究了染料曙红B与盐酸异丙嗪的结合反应.在pH=3.50的Walpole介质中,曙红B本身的共振光散射信号较弱,与盐酸异丙嗪结合形成离子缔合物后,体系的共振光散射明显增强,并且光散射增强强度与盐酸异丙嗪在一定浓度范围内成正比,据此建立了一种高灵敏测定盐酸异丙嗪的方法.在体系的最大散射波长363 nm处,测得盐酸异丙嗪的线性范围为7.5×10-8～4.5×10-6 g/mL,检测限为1.8×10-8 g/mL,用于盐酸异丙嗪片剂、针剂、人血清及尿样中盐酸异丙嗪的测定,结果令人满意.     

Determination of trace proteins with pyronine Y and SDS by resonance light scattering

A new resonance light scattering (RLS) probe for determining proteins is presented. The weak RLS of pyronine Y–SDS can be enhanced substantially by adding proteins in the presence of H₂SO₄, resulting in a strong and wide RLS band in the region 310–425 nm. The interaction of pyronine Y–SDS with proteins was studied on the basis of this behavior and a new quantitative method was developed for determining proteins. The enhanced RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of proteins in the range 0.15–3.6 μg mL⁻¹ for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 0.06–4.8 μg mL⁻¹ for human serum albumin (HSA), with detection limits of 21.0 and 12.0 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. This method is characterized by high sensitivity, rapidity of reaction, and simplicity. Four synthetic samples were determined satisfactorily and recovery was 99.5–101.5%. Results for human serum and urine samples were in agreement with those obtained by the Bradford method, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 1.5–3.1%.     

Determination of deoxyribonucleic acids by a resonance light scattering technique and its application

For the first time, acetamiprid has been used to determine nucleic acid (DNA) using the resonance light scattering (RLS). The RLS of acetamiprid was greatly enhanced by DNA in the range of pH 1.6-1.8. A RLS peak at 313 nm was found, and the enhanced intensity of RLS at this wavelength was proportional to the concentration of DNA. The linear range of the calibration curve was 0-11.0 microg ml(-1) with the detection limit of 20 ng ml(-1). The nucleic acids in synthetic sample and in rice seedling extraction were determined satisfactorily. The interaction mechanism of acetamiprid and DNA is discussed. Mechanism studies show that the enhanced RLS is due to the aggregation of acetamiprid in the presence of DNA.     

光化学催化动力学共振光散射法测定痕量铜

在高压汞灯照射下的H2SO4介质中,铜能强烈催化异丙醇还原钼酸铵生成钼同多蓝的光化学反应,生成的钼同多蓝在表面活性剂聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下与罗丹明B能形成稳定的红紫色缔合物,导致共振瑞利散射峰(RRS)显著增强.据此建立了光化学催化动力学共振光散射法测定痕量铜的新方法.铜离子质量浓度在0.002～0.40 μg/mL范围内与RRS增强强度成良好的线性关系,方法的检出限为1.2 ng/mL.本方法具有高灵敏度和好的选择性,用于测定自来水和河水中的铜.     

Determination of dextrin based on its self-aggregation by resonance light scattering technique

A novel free-probe assay of dextrin was established based on the resonance light scattering (RLS) enhancement in aqueous solution due to the self-aggregation of dextrin. The RLS intensity was well proportional to the concentration of dextrin over the wide range 0.2-14 μg mL⁻¹ and a detection limit 0.02 μg mL⁻¹ was obtained in the optimum conditions. The effect factors such as pH, buffer medium, holding time, ionic strength and temperature were studied in detail. Little or no interference was presented in the detection when adding coexisting substances including various metal ions and some saccharine in the solution. The assay proposed owns the advantages of easy operation, rapidity, sensitivity and practicability. Three synthetic samples and three kinds of medicine samples were analyzed with satisfactory results.     

同多酸和染料探针共振光散射法测定蛋白质

在酸性条件下,铬黑T、钼酸铵与蛋白质形成聚合物,使体系的共振光散射明显增强。据此建立了利用共振光散射技术测定总蛋白含量的新方法。在最佳条件下,体系的最大散射峰位于555nm处。共振光散射增强的程度与蛋白质的浓度呈良好的线性关系。牛血清白蛋白和人血清白蛋白的线性范围分别为0.20～10.0μg/mL和0.10～8.0μg/mL,检出限为0.050μg/mL和0.039μg/mL。方法已用于人血清样品的分析,并与考马斯亮蓝的测定结果进行了比较,两者无显著性差异。     

Determination of gamma-globulin at nanogram levels by its enhancement effect on the resonance light scattering of functionalized HgS nanoparticles

A novel assay of γ-globulin (γ-IgG) with a sensitivity at the nanogram level is proposed based on the measurement of enhanced resonance light-scattering (RLS) signals resulting from the interaction of functionalized nano-HgS with γ-globulin. At pH 5.03, the RLS signals of functionalized nano-HgS were greatly enhanced by γ-globulin in the region of 200-700 nm characterized by the peak around 362 nm. Linear relationship can be established between the enhanced RLS intensity and γ-globulin concentration in the range of 10-140 ng ml⁻¹. The limit of detection is 2.71 ng ml⁻¹. Based on this, a new direct quantitative determination method for γ-globulin in blood serum samples without separation of human serum albumin (HSA) is established. The contents of γ-IgG in blood serum samples were determined with recovery of 95.7-102.5% and R.S.D. of 1.6-2.4%. This method is proved to be very sensitive, rapid, simple and tolerance of most interfering substances.     

A sensitive resonance light scattering spectrometry of trace Hg with sulfur ion modified gold nanoparticles

A new resonance light scattering (RLS) spectrometric method for mercury ions (Hg²⁺) in aqueous solutions with sulfur ion (S²⁻) modified gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs-S) has been developed in this contribution. It was found that S²⁻ at the surface of Au-NPs resulting from the surface modification can interact with Hg²⁺ to form very stable S-Hg-S bonds when Hg²⁺ concentration is lower than that of S²⁻, resulting in the aggregation of Au-NPs-S and causing enhanced RLS signals. The enhanced RLS intensities (ΔI_RLS) characterized at 392 nm were found to be proportional to the concentration of Hg²⁺ in the range of 0.025-0.25 μmol L⁻¹ with a detection limit (3σ) of 0.013 μmol L⁻¹. Our results showed that this approach has excellent selectivity for Hg²⁺ over other substances in aqueous solutions.     

基于与全氟辛烷磺酸作用共振光散射法测定盐酸小檗碱

在pH 1.81 Britton-Robinson缓冲介质中,盐酸小檗碱与全氟辛烷磺酸相互作用,在290 nm处产生显著增强的散射信号.其增强强度与盐酸小檗碱质量浓度在0.03～7.8μg/mL范围内呈线性关系,据此建立了盐酸小檗碱的共振光散射测定方法,检出限达4.4 ng/mL.方法用于药片含量测定,RSD<4.4%...     

Determination of methylene blue by resonance light scattering method using silica nanoparticles as probe

A simple and novel method was developed to determine methylene blue(MB) by resonance light scattering(RLS) using silica nanoparticles(SiO_2NPs) as the probe.It was found that MB could enhance the RLS intensity of SiO_2NPs.Moreover,the increase in RLS intensity was linear with the concentration of MB over the range of 0.01-3.0 μg mL~(-1).The limit of detection(LOD) was as low as 4.36 ng mL~(-1)(3σ) and the relative standard deviation(RSD) was 2.4%(n=6).Under the optimum experimental conditions,this proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of MB in aquaculture samples with recoveries between 96.3% and 107%.Possible mechanisms for the RLS enhancement of SiO_2NPs in the presence of MB were also discussed.     

金纳米微粒共振光散射光谱探针测定维生素B4-水溶性腺嘌呤的研究

建立了一种以金纳米微粒为探针共振光散射(RLS)法测定维生素B4的新方法.在弱酸性介质中(pH 4.2),金纳米微粒在635 nm有一最大共振散射峰.加入微量维生素B4后,金纳米微粒与维生素B4通过静电引力结合.形成了粒径较大的聚集体,导致RLS强度显著增强.研究了体系的共振光散射光谱特征和反应适宜条件,探讨了共振光散射增强的机理.结果表明,维生素B4质量浓度在0.1～5.0μg/mL 时与散射强度(△I)呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)为12.0 ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2%.该方法已用于片剂中维生素B4的测定.