Synchronization of long/short light pulse

Based on rough synchronization of long/short light pulse,fine synchronizationof long/short light pulse was achieved with a photoconductive switch.     

Simulations of light antinucleus–nucleus interactions

Creations of light anti-nuclei (anti-deuterium, anti-tritium, anti-³He and anti-⁴He) are observed by collaborations at the LHC and RHIC accelerators. Some cosmic ray experiments are aimed to find the anti-nuclei in cosmic rays. To support the experimental studies of anti-nuclei a Monte Carlo simulation of anti-nuclei interactions with matter is implemented in the Geant4 toolkit. The implementation combines practically all known theoretical approaches to the problem of antinucleon-nucleon interactions.     

Fast light of CsI（Na） crystals

The responses of different common alkali halide crystals to alpha-rays and gamma-rays are tested in this research. It is found that only CsI(Na) crystals have significantly different waveforms between alpha and gamma scintillations, while others do not exhibit this phenomena. The rise time of the fast light is about 5 ns and the decay time is 17±12 ns. It is suggested that the fast light of CsI(Na) crystals arises from the recombination of free electrons with self-trapped holes of the host crystal CsI. Self-absorption limits the emission of fast light of CsI(Tl) and NaI(Tl) crystals.     

Green’s function calculations of light nuclei

The influence of short-range correlations in nuclei was investigated with realistic nuclear force. The nucleon-nucleon interaction was renormalized with V_lowk technique and applied to the Green’s function calculations. The Dyson equation was reformulated with algebraic diagrammatic constructions. We also analyzed the binding energy of ⁴He, calculated with chiral potential and CD-Bonn potential. The properties of Green’s function with realistic nuclear forces are also discussed.     

What causes the superluminal propagation of light pulses

In this paper, we discuss what causes the superluminal propagation of a pulse through dispersion bysolving Maxwell's equations without any approximation. The coherence of the pulse plays an importantrole for superluminal propagation. When the pulse becomes partially coherent,the propagation changesfrom superluminal to subluminal. The energy velocity is always less than the vacuum velocity.The shapeof the pulse is changed during the propagation.     

Strong guiding of light in hollow nanowire structures

We have theoretically investigated the guiding mode patterns of hollow nanowires.Two types of nanowires, round shape and hexagonal shape,are examined with different combination of outer and inner radii. Because of electric field discontinuity at hollow interfaces and evanescent modes overlap in low refractive index region,strong light guiding and confinement are achieved in both hollow wire structures.     

Kinematics of Cherenkov’s effect with noninvariant velocity of light

The kinematics of Cherenkov’s effect is considered for an electron moving in the Minkowski space with universal time and velocity of light c = c ₀ (1 + v ²/c ₀²)^1/2, where c ₀ = 3⋅10 m/s is the invariant constant and v is the particle velocity. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 1, pp. 47–50, January, 2009.     

Optically noninvasive measurement of the light transport properties of human meridians

To confirm the existence and properties of human meridians,the optical transport properties along the pericardium meridian and tissues around the pericardium meridian are studied noninvasively on twenty healthy volunteers in vivo and then compared with each other.Our study shows that the light propagating along the meridian and non-meridian directions both conform to the Beer's exponential attenuation law. However,statistical analysis of the results suggests that the optical transport properties of human meridian differ from those of the surrounding tissues over a low modulated frequency range(P<0.01),and light attenuation along the pericardium meridian is significantly less than that along the non-meridian direction. These findings not only indicate the existence of acupuncture meridian from the point of view of biomedical optics,but also shed new light on an approach to investigation of human meridians.     

Investigation of KTiOPO_4 nanocrystals by means of second-harmonic light emission

The finding of nonlinear nanometric-sized probes is of key importance for the development of nonlinear microscopy in physical as well as biological sciences.We isolate nonlinear KTiOPO_4 nanocrystals and study them by second-harmonic generation microscopy(SHGM)and atomic force microscopy(AFM) independently.With both polarization analysis and defocused imaging of the emitted second harmonic field,we extract the Euler angles of the crystalline axes of a single nanocrystal.A balanced coherent optical homodyne detection shows tire coherent nature of the nanocrystal nonlinear emission and allows a phase measurement of the emitted second-harmonic field.These features make the KTiOPO_4 nanocrystal a good candidate for a vectorial probe of electromagnetic near fields.     

Spectral analysis of scattered light from flowers’ petals

A new method was developed for studying absorption characteristics of opaque samples based on the light scattering spectroscopy. Measurements were made in white, red and violet petals of Petunia hybrida, and gave the absorption spectra in a non-destructive manner without damaging the cell structures of the petal. The red petal has absorption peak at 550 nm and the violet has three absorption peaks: at 450, 670, and 550 nm. The results were discussed in correlation with the microscopic cell structures of the petal observed with optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Only the cells placed in the surface have the pigments giving the color of the petal.     

Nature’s optics and our understanding of light

Optical phenomena visible to everyone have been central to the development of, and abundantly illustrate, important concepts in science and mathematics. The phenomena considered from this viewpoint are rainbows, sparkling reflections on water, mirages, green flashes, earthlight on the moon, glories, daylight, crystals and the squint moon. And the concepts involved include refraction, caustics (focal singularities of ray optics), wave interference, numerical experiments, mathematical asymptotics, dispersion, complex angular momentum (Regge poles), polarisation singularities, Hamilton’s conical intersections of eigenvalues (‘Dirac points’), geometric phases and visual illusions.     

Production of light superpartners in π0 radiative decays

The production rate of light photinos in radiative pion decay \(\pi ^0 \to \gamma \tilde \gamma \tilde \gamma\) is calculated. Experimental constraints on masses and mass splittings of scalar quarks imply the following upper bound on the decay rate \(BR(\pi ^0 \to \gamma \tilde \gamma \tilde \gamma ) \lesssim 10^{ - 16}\) .     

Where is the energy of slow light stored?

We analyze the energy storage process of light propagating with slow group velocity in a sample where electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is created by a strong coupling field. We compare the formation of slow light in EIT and in self-induced transparency (SIT). For SIT, soliton-like propagation of light with essentially reduced group velocity takes place because of the temporary storage of an appreciable part of the pulse energy in the atoms. For EIT, no energy of the probe is stored in the atoms. This energy is transformed to the coupling field and leaves the sample with phase velocity c without absorption. Slow light is formed by a low frequency coherence induced at the input by the probe and coupling fields in a two-quantum excitation process. This coherence propagates as a “spin wave” with small group velocity, and at a large distance from the input, the coherence rules the process of the energy transformation from the coupling field to the probe, reproducing exactly the temporal profile of the probe at the input.     

Is the number of light flavors in QCD great?

At a qualitative level, it is well known that QCD featuring a large number of quark flavors must differ drastically from actual QCD. However, it is possible to consider the large-N_f limit (where N_f is the number of light flavors in QCD) such that the basic dynamics of the system remains unchanged. This is the region of chiral perturbation theory, where the limit N_f → ∞ is simultaneously the limit of a large number of colors, N_c. Features are indicated that make it possible, in such a situation, to compare analytically the same quantity in a simplified model of actual QCD and in the large-N_f limit, and methods are proposed for calculating these features. Calculations in the limit N_f → ∞ are of no use in assessing quantities of the theory at small N f.     

Studies on optical dephasing of amorphous semiconductor with incoherent light

Dephasing in a-Si_(0.65)C_(0.35): H is observed by time-delayed four-wave mixing incoherent light. Results are in correspondance with consequences of disorder and localization on nonlinear optical response of the solid.     

Energy levels of light nuclei A = 5−10

A review of the evidence on the properties of the nuclei with A = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, with emphasis on material leading to information about the structure of the A = 5−10 systems.     

Dynamic light scattering of a concentrated multicomponent spherical particle solution

The“measured”dunamic structure function of highly concentrated and smallspherical colloidal system with a narrow distribution of particle sizes can be expressed in termsof the sum of two independent modes due to collective diffusion and polydispersity fluctuationsrespectively.The“measured”static structure functions S~M(K) is derived,and applied to cal-culate the polydispersity distribution.The relationship between the moments of the gammaparticle size distribution and the moments determined by a dynamic light scattering measure-ment is developed for the case when the particles are small and spherical.     

First light of the 1.8-m solar telescope–CLST

正Large-aperture solar telescopes play an important role in solar observations and research, and require high temporal and spatial resolution [1]. To solve some fundamental problems such as the solar dynamo, coronal heating, and the triggering of major solar eruptions, the spatial resolution for solar-atmosphere observation should reach at least 0.1 arcsec[2].