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为提高某中波红外探测器的图像质量,设计了基于FPGA的红外图像实时处理系统,系统能够完成实时的非均匀性校正与盲元补偿处理。介绍了目前常用的非均匀性校正、盲元识别和补偿算法,并结合实际工程需求采用多点法进行非均匀性校正以及8点平均法进行盲元补偿。在仿真实验成功的基础上,基于FPGA平台构建了硬件平台。系统可以实现系数自定义更新,可以手动或自动完成非均匀性较正系数计算,以及实现盲元列表的自动更新操作。利用某国产中波红外探测器对处理系统进行了测试试验,实验结果表明:校正后图像非均匀性0.3%,盲元率0.001%。系统工作稳定、可靠,图像处理满足实时性和精度要求。 相似文献
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红外辐射测量系统的成像性能以及测量精度受到焦平面阵列非均匀性的严重影响,原始红外图像的非均匀性需通过后期图像处理算法进行校正。为进一步提高制冷型红外探测器的非均匀性校正(NUC)效果,本文提出了一种基于定标的非均匀性改进算法。该算法以单点定标和两点定标非均匀性校正方法为基础,既保留两点定标非均匀性校正方法增益校正系数的一致性优势,又结合了单点定标偏置校正系数的稳定性,使得改进算法具有更好的校正效果。为了验证该改进算法的校正效果,本文以640 pixel×512 pixel大小的制冷型中波红外探测器为研究对象,采用入瞳直径为25 mm的红外成像系统对提出的算法进行实验验证。实验结果表明:在1 ms积分时间下,单点定标方法、两点定标方法及改进算法校正后的图像非均匀性分别为1.783 3%、0.219 0%和0.148 1%;2 ms积分时间下的非均匀性分别为1.825 7%、2.247 4%和1.654 6%。改进算法整体上进一步降低了图像的非均匀性,校正效果更好、精度更高。 相似文献
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基于非线性模型的卡尔曼滤波非均匀性校正算法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对红外焦平面阵列探测单元响应的非线性对非均匀性校正的影响,利用探测器响应的非线性模型,对卡尔曼滤波非均匀性校正算法进行扩展和改进,以有效地克服响应非线性对校正精度的影响.该算法先对图像进行非线性压缩,转换为线性图像,再利用线性模型下的卡尔曼滤波算法实施非均匀校正,然后对其进行取指数操作,即得到原图非均匀校正后的图像.实验结果表明,该算法不仅继承了原算法利用场景信息来最优地更新校正参数的估计,解决了探测器偏置和增益漂移对校正影响,而且还在一定程度上解决了响应非线性对校正性能的影响,从而获得了较好的非均匀性校正效果. 相似文献
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非均匀性是红外系统中影响图像质量的重要因素。为了更好地拟合探测器的响应曲线,充分发挥探测器的最佳性能,以获得良好的图像效果,在两点校正的理论基础上提出了一种更为实用的两点校正方法。通过单片机(MCU)控制半导体制冷器(TEC)以产生两个不同的校正温度点,系统分别读取在这两个温度点下所采集的两幅图像,利用两点校正算法计算探测器的响应率和暗电流。通过实验验证,这种校正算法实用,易于实现。 相似文献
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In continuation to our research on the non-uniformity in infrared focal plane arrays of HgCdTe photodiodes, we have examined and found a few important signature parameters in the forward bias region of the electrical characteristics of the photodiodes. These signatures are the peaks of the first and second order derivatives of dynamic resistance–voltage characteristics. They show good correlation with the material and devices parameters and have been investigated to be good signatures for statistical performance variation analysis. In this note, by using theoretical model and statistical analysis of these signatures, we show that the variations in the proposed signatures represent underlying non-uniformity in important material/device parameters. Such signatures may be used along with the other conventional signatures of reverse biased photodiode characteristics to identify the root cause of response non-uniformity in the array with high confidence level. 相似文献
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A new laser displacement sensor based on triangulation for gauge real-time measurement 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Zhifeng Zhang Qibo Feng Zhan Gao Cuifang Kuang Cheng Fei Zhang Li Jinyun Ding 《Optics & Laser Technology》2008,40(2):252-255
A new laser displacement sensor has been designed, constructed, and used in a train running at a speed of 64 km/h. The laser displacement sensor is insensitive to ambient light and to temperature. The parameters of the laser displacement sensor are as follows: the measurement range is 20 mm, and the laser displacement sensor resolution is 0.3 mm. All the results show that this new displacement sensor meets the requirement for real-time gauge measurement. 相似文献
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航天立体测绘相机受卫星发射过程的振动、冲击以及复杂的空间环境的影响,相机的靶面将不同程度地偏离相机的焦平面,导致图像分辨率下降.对于测绘相机,其主点位置和主距变化量直接影响地面目标定位准确度.为了弥补利用编码器进行检焦的不足,提出了一种基于像散量的检调焦方法.该方法采用四象限光电探测器测量相机靶面变化引起的像散量,参照已标定的靶面位置与像散量之间的关系,计算出靶面偏离相机焦平面的实际大小和方向.这种检焦方法包含引起相机靶面离焦的所有因素,试验结果表明,基于像散法的测绘相机调焦机构的分辨率可达0.025mm. 相似文献
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射线面阵探测器成像系统校正研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于线性、移不变理论,对射线面阵探测器成像的特性和系统成像所呈现出亮度不均匀的原因进行分析研究.通过分析线性系统成立的假设条件,给出了对实际成像中各像元点阵的偏置、灵敏度进行逐点校正的公式.在实验室,对基于PaxScan2520 面阵探测器的成像系统进行成像校正研究,取得了满意的效果,噪声得到有效的抑制,成像的不一致性得到改善.当检测较厚工件或工件厚度变化较大时,系统成像超出其线性范围,给出了二次校正的方法和公式,也取得了满意的效果. 相似文献
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提出了将二维摆镜和象限探测器相结合的动基座激光束定向偏差测量新方法.以摆镜作为快速调整激光发射主光轴方向的元件,利用象限探测器测量从目标返回激光主光轴的动态变化量,并从中分离光轴稳定平台运动对摆镜的耦合作用,得到激光主光轴相对目标视线的偏角,进而操控激光发射主光轴稳定瞄准目标.该方法具有较好的实时性,适用于运动目标的跟踪及时间为秒级的机载激光制导武器. 相似文献
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This paper presents a set of formulae for estimating the light spot position projected on a quadrant detector (QD). A novel method of annular segmentation calculus (ASC) is designed to analyze the detecting light spot of QD. The influences of the spot movement mode, spot energy distribution, and dead area to the dynamic range and the detection sensitivity are analyzed. It is shown in simulations that our new formulae have achieved a much better results to increase measurement accuracy. It is also shown that on the condition of the same spot size, the detection sensitivity of Gaussian distribution is prior to uniform distribution. The detection sensitivity of diagonal mode is better than cross mode. The detection sensitivity increases with increase in the size ratio of dead area to spot. The simulating and experimental results show that the measuring range of QD is 400 μm, and the resolution is 50 μm. The study presented here will be beneficial in developing the nanomechanical displacement detection techniques. 相似文献
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Žarko P. Barbarić Stojadin M. Manojlović Boban P. Bondžulić Milenko S. Andrić Srđan T. Mitrović 《Optik》2014
New relationship of displacement signal using opposite sectors on a quadrant photodiode is derived. Standard and new displacement signals are analyzed in details. Through MATLAB® laser tracking simulation models, based on common and suggested approaches, detailed analysis is performed, and it is shown that better results for the new relationship signal processing are obtained. Within new relationship of displacement signal, the sensitivity of the system to the displacement of the spot increases and, hence, provides better accuracy in positioning up to 30%. 相似文献