变形核转动谱的Harris公式和吴-曾公式的比较

本文利用重离子库仑激发提供的锕系偶偶核基带高自旋态(直到I^π～30⁺)的丰富数据,检验了现行各转动谱公式.能谱、转动惯量和γ跃迁能量的分析表明,吴-曾公式优于其它两参数公式,包括广泛流行的Harris公式.在某些情况下,吴-曾公式还有助于判断数据的可靠程度.     

原子核转动谱公式的回顾与比较

回顾和比较了原子核转动谱的几个常用公式, 对目前已观测到的正常变形和 超变形转动带的分析表明, 二参数ab公式和三参数abc公式是参数数目相同的公式中与实验符合得最好的公式, 可供实验工作者方便采用.     

粒子–转子模型分析超形变转动带

利用三轴粒子-转子模型计算了¹⁹³Tl超形变带γ跃迁能量,运动学转动惯量J⁽¹⁾和动力学转动惯量J⁽²⁾,并与实验值进行比较得到了满意的结果;预言了B(M1)值以及动力学电四极矩Q⁽¹⁾和Q⁽²⁾指出在超形变带的分析中粒子-转子模型是一种可以采用的方法.     

粒子－转子模型分析超形变转动带

利用三轴粒子－转子模型计算了（１９３）Ｔｌ超形变带γ跃迁能量，运动学转动惯量Ｊ（１）和动力学转动惯量Ｊ（２），并与实验值进行比较得到了满意的结果；预言了Ｂ（Ｍ１）值以及动力学电四极矩Ｑ（１）和Ｑ（２）指出在超形变带的分析中粒子－转子模型是一种可以采用的方法．     

超形变带自旋的比较指定

首次用Bohr-Mottelson公式和Harris公式同时指定A≈190区超形变带的带首自旋值.对大多数超形变带,用以上两种方法指定的自旋是一致的,而对部分超形变带则不一致.不能一致地指定自旋的和自旋指定不符合带首转动惯量系统学的超形变带,用带首转动惯量系统学或两类转动惯量系统学的方法重新指定其自旋.利用指定的自旋,拟合Bohr-Mottelson转动谱公式,研究了参数之间的关系,结果表明从Harris三参数公式导出的关系式更符合实验值.     

奇奇核超形变带的△I=1颤动

讨论了奇奇核超形变旋称伙伴带中的△I=1颤动现象,通过ab拟合和改进的ab拟合指定了它们的自旋值.     

超变形核的转动模型

为处理超变形核的转动谱,提出了一个简单的转动模型,即:冻结振动自由度,把超变形核看成是一个刚性转子．将转动哈密顿量在轴对称陀螺波函数所张开的空间中对角化时,进一步考虑了Ｓｉｇｎａｔｕｒｅ为好量子数,重新计算了Ａ～１９０区偶偶核的超变形带,自旋指定与ａｂ公式自旋指定仍然一致．并计算了Ａ～１５０区１５２Ｄｙ的超变形带,结果也与实验值拟合得很好,但自旋指定与ａｂ公式差异较大.To deal with the SD bands, a single rotational model is proposed, i . e. freeze the degree of vibrational freedom, and regard the SD nuclei as a rigid rotor. Also, the Signature is considered to be a good quantum number . 10 SD bands were calculated, all of the assigned nuclear spins are equal to those determined by ab formula. 190 Hg and 152 Dy were also calculated, but the results of assigned nuclear spins are different to the ones of ab formula.     

A=40核区超形变转动带终止

用组态相关推转Nilsson-Strutinsky模型研究了³⁸K, ³⁶Ar, ^32,34S和³⁵Cl的超形变转动带结构性质. 对一些特殊的近转晕线组态的性质做了较为详细的探讨并预言了其带终止态的自旋值, 尤其是预言了³⁸K有利于实验测量到超形变带终止态的自旋值为19h, 而其四极形变值达ε₂～0.50. ³⁶Ar的理论计算与实验结果较好的一致表明这些预言结果是较可靠的.     

Bohr—Mottelson公式对超形变带的比较研究：？…

用Ｂｏｈｒ－Ｍｏｔｔｅｌｓｏｎ的两参数、三参数和四参数公式对Ａ～１９０区６１条超形变带进行了系统分析。结果显示：３个公式都能较好地拟合１９０区超形变带的Ｅ２跃迁谱,而且带自旋的确定基本一致。大部分带Ｂｏｈｒ－Ｍｏｔｔｅｌｓｏｎ的三参数数值关系符合ａｂ公式的理论预期值,小部分带的三参数值关系符合Ｈａｒｒｉｓ公式的理论预期值,一半以上带的四参数数值关系与ａｂ公式的预期值接近,而与Ｈａｒｒｉｓ公式的预期     

从正常形变看超形变带角动量的确定

通过对正常形变基态转动带的研究,检验了用W-Z公式确定超形变带头角动量的方法,并与超形变带进行了对比.指出只要W-Z公式能很好地描述转动带(正常形变和超形变),同时跃迁能量灵敏地依赖于指定的角动量,由此确定的带头角动量都是正确的.     

A≈150区超形变带的特性分析和自旋指定

首先概述了对A≈150区超形变带的自旋指定的进展情况, 到目前为止, 所提出的各种方法对该区超形变带自旋值的指定并不一致. 发现了该区超形变带的实验能谱特性和动力学转动惯量的特性. 并将此特性用于指定A≈150区超形变带的自旋.     

Identification of Bandhead Spin and Identical Bands for Odd-A Nuclei in $A\sim190$ Superdeformed Mass Region

The dynamical moment of inertia is estimated with its even-power expansion of the rotational frequency and in accordance we determine the intermediate spins of the superdeformed (SD) rotational bands. Using Marquardt method of nonlinear least-squares routines, we determine the expansion coefficients by fitting the proposed dynamical moment of inertia with its recent experimental data of the SD nuclei in the A=190 mass region. The comparison between our theoretical and available experimental data for the dynamic moment of inertia and spin shows good agreements. Also, we have calculated the static moment of inertia at three alternative values of spin. The value of spin at which the two moments of inertia are nearly equals is to be regarded as a bandhead spin of the corresponding band. These studies are carried out for eighteen bands of odd-A nuclei of the superdeformed region 190, namely ¹⁸⁹Hg(b1), ¹⁹¹Hg(b1, b2, b3, b4), ¹⁹³Hg(b2, b3, b5), ¹⁹⁵Hg(b1, b2, b3, b4), ¹⁹³Tl(b1, b2, b3, b5), ¹⁸⁹Tl(b1), and ¹⁹⁷Bi(b1). We also notice the occurrence of identical SD bands with near identical transition energies among the considered SD bands.     

Description of the Superdeformed Bands of the Lutetium Isotopes

In the cases with and without a perturbation possessing the S0_sdg(5) (or SU_sdg(5)) symmetry in the supersymmetry scheme with many-body interactions, superdeformed bands in the odd-A Lu isotopes ^163,165,167Lu are investigated. Quantitatively good results of γ-ray energies and dynamical moments of inertia are obtained in both of the two cases. It shows that the supersymmetry scheme with many-body interactions has almost the same power to describe the triaxial superdeformed bands as to the other superdeformed bands.     

超变形转动带的自旋指定与实验测定的比较

按照转动带自旋指定的3种方案,分析了A～190区偶偶核中已测到的超变形带. 对于¹⁹⁴Hg(1)和¹⁹⁴Pb(1),分析给出的自旋指定与实验值完全一致. 有理由认为,其它10条超变形带的自旋指定也是可信的,否则要重新审查现有的转动谱理论,而这些理论对于正常形变核转动带已证明是完全正确的.     

超形变原子核全同带的判断与角动量增量顺排量子化

给出了一个新的从能量角度判断超形变带全同带的方法,并运用这种方法分析了100多条超形变带.给出了全同带数目随判断参数的变化关系.还引进了量子化区间的概念,从统计角度分析角动量增量顺排的量子化问题,得出了全同带增量顺排随判据加严而趋向于量子化的性质,而正常形变全同带则不具有这一性质.讨论了新方法与粒子转子模型之间的关系.     

Description of the Superdeformed Bands of the Odd-Odd Nuclei in A ～ 150 Region

With the supersymmetry scheme including many-body interactions, the global property and the △I ＝ 4bifurcation in the superdeformed (SD) bands of odd-odd nuclei in A ～ 150 mass region are investigated systematically.Good results for the γ-ray energies, the dynamical moments of inertia, and energy differences △ Eγ - △ Erefγ are obtained.It shows that this approach is quite powerful in describing not only the SD bands in even-even and odd-A nuclei butalso those in odd-odd nuclei in the mass region.     

转动对超形变带能谱和M1跃迁的影响

利用三轴粒子－转子模型研究了转动对超形变带能谱和Ｍ１跃过的影响．给出了１９５ＴｉＳＤ带的能谱，Ｓｉｇｎａｔｕｒｅ分离，Ｂ（Ｍ１）值和Ｅ２γ跃迁强度．１９５Ｔ１Ｓｉｇｎａｔｕｒｅ伙伴带之间的Ｍ１跃迁主要通过内转换电子进行．     

转动谱的若干理论及其对超形变带的研究

简述了若干转动谱理论及其对超形变带的应用 ,并用 Bohr- Mottelson的 I(I+1 )展开公式分析了 A=1 90区超形变带的性质和指定了它们的能级自旋 ,用 Harris的ω2 展开公式 J(1) =2α+(4/3 )βω2 +(6 /5 )γω4分析了 A=1 5 0区 Tb和 Dy同位素 2 0条超形变带的性质 ,指定了它们的能级自旋 .对于首次发现的152 Dy(1 )超形变带 ,带首自旋指定为 2 6 h,与实验结果更加符合. The recent developments of rotational spectral theories and its application to superdeformed bands were briefly reviewed. The superdeformed bands in A ≈190 region were analyzed and the spins of energy level were determined by the least square fitting experimental transition energy with the formula of Bohr Mottelson’s I(I+1) expansions. The superdeformed bands in A ≈150 region were analyzed by using the kinematic moments of inertia formula J (1) =2α+(4/3)βω 2+(6/5)γω 4 in...     

Comparison between formulas of rotational band for axially symmetric deformed nuclei

The experimental rotational spectra of the deformed nuclei available in even-even and odd-A nuclei in the rare-earth and actinide regions are systematically analyzed with several rotational spectra formulas, including Bohr-Mottelson's I(I+1)-expansion, Harris' ω²-expansion, ab and abc formulas. It is shown that the simple 2-parameter ab formula is much better than the widely used 2-parameter Bohr-Mottelson's AB formula and Harris'αβ formula. The available data of the rotational spectra of both ground-state band in even-even nuclei and one-quasiparticle band in odd-A nuclei can be conveniently and rather accurately reproduced by ab formula and abc formula. The moment of inertia and the variation with rotational frequency of angular momentum can be satisfactorily reproduced by ab and abc formulas.