沉淀聚合法制备水杨酸分子印迹微球及其性能研究

以水杨酸(SA)为模板分子,丙烯酰胺(AM)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,利用沉淀聚合法制备了对水杨酸具有较高选择性与较高亲和性的分子印迹聚合物微球(MIPs)。用傅里叶红外光谱和环境扫描电镜表征印迹聚合物微球的结构和形貌,采用静态吸附法考察了水杨酸分子印迹聚合物微球的吸附性能。结果表明,当SA:AM:EDMA摩尔比为1:4:20时,得到的分子印迹聚合物微球粒径均一,球形度较好,对水杨酸具有较好的选择吸附性,最大表观结合量可达到52.42mg/g。     

TNT分子印迹聚合物微球的合成与性能研究

以三硝基甲苯(TNT)为模板分子,EDMA为交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了TNT分子印迹微球.讨论了溶剂用量、模板分子用量、功能单体种类等对分子印迹微球的形貌及吸附性能的影响;利用紫外吸收光谱和BET表征了印迹聚合物微球的结合位点相互作用与印迹孔穴结构;通过平衡吸附和选择性吸附实验,研究了印迹聚合物微球的吸附性能和选择性识别性能.结果表明,以丙烯酰胺为功能单体制备的分子印迹聚合物为规则的球形,内部含有分子印迹孔穴,微球的粒径为1～2μm.印迹聚合物微球可在30 min内达到吸附平衡,在1 mmol/L的TNT乙醇溶液中,印迹聚合物微球的平衡吸附量为32.5 mmol/kg,对TNT分离系数为25.19,具有较好的特异性吸附能力,并可选择性识别TNT分子.     

红霉素分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及性能研究

以红霉素为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,在水相中采用悬浮聚合法制备了红霉素分子印迹聚合物微球。利用扫描电镜对其表面形貌进行了表征,探讨了不同分散剂浓度、水油比、搅拌速度等参数对聚合物微球粒径及粒径分布的影响,重点对聚合工艺进行了优化,并将所得的聚合物用作吸附剂研究了其分子识别与选择性能。研究表明,该方法合成的聚合物微球平均粒径为40~130μm,对模板分子具有较高吸附性能和选择性识别能力,其分离因子达1.83,而动态吸附饱和吸附量则达到了42.59μmol/g。     

2-异戊基环戊酮虚拟模板印迹微球的制备及其吸附性能

以2-异戊基环戊酮为虚拟模板,采用沉淀聚合法制备了粒径20~50 μm的分子印迹微球。 用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了分子印迹微球的表面化学特征及粒径分布,测试了印迹聚合物对玫瑰醚的吸附动力学、等温吸附性能及吸附选择性。 考察了分子印迹固相萃取玫瑰醚的应用效能。 结果表明:分子印迹聚合物(MIPs)对玫瑰醚的吸附可在25 min达到平衡,具有较快的吸附动力学,一级动力学模型更适合描述其吸附动力学行为。 Freundlich模型最适合描述MIPs对玫瑰醚的等温吸附行为,聚合物材料最大的印迹位点数目为149.3 μmol/g。 聚合物对玫瑰醚的平均吸附能为166 kJ/mol,表明主要为化学吸附。 虚拟模板印迹聚合物对玫瑰醚的选择因子相对于香叶醇和香茅醇分别为3.710和5.636,且对含玫瑰醚的混合物中的目标化合物仍具有较高的选择吸附能力(竞争吸附量为18.02 mg/g)。 在优化洗涤(1 mL乙腈+1 mL乙腈和水混合溶剂(体积比9.5:0.5)+2 mL乙腈、甲醇和水混合溶剂(体积比8:1:2)和洗脱(3 mL甲醇和醋酸混合溶剂(体积比9:1))条件下,通过分子印迹固相萃取可实现玫瑰醚的有效分离和富集,回收率为96.23%。     

正丁醇分子印迹聚合物的制备及其吸附性能

以正丁醇为模板分子,采用本体聚合法制备了正丁醇分子印迹聚合物。利用扫描电镜和红外光谱对该聚合物进行表征,并利用动态吸附、静态吸附和选择性吸附实验评价其吸附性能。正丁醇分子印迹聚合物能够特异性识别正丁醇,通过计算得到正丁醇MIPs的分离因子α为2.057,印迹因子IF为2.123。此聚合物制备简单、可重复利用并且表现出良好的选择性,可作为固相萃取填料应用于食品中正丁醇的分离、富集和检测。     

壬基酚表面印迹聚合物微球的合成及分子识别特性

采用表面分子印迹技术,在二氧化硅微粒表面通过乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷接枝,以壬基酚(NP)为模板、α-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体制备了壬基酚印迹聚合物。扫描电镜及比表面分析仪测试结果表明制备的印迹聚合物呈均匀分散的微球,具有较大的比表面积。采用红外光谱表征印迹聚合物微球制备过程中的化学结构变化情况,并用平衡吸附法研究了聚合物对NP的结合性能与分子识别特性。研究结果表明,聚合物对壬基酚具有良好的结合亲和性,最大结合量可达184.6 mg/g。印迹聚合物对NP的吸附量高于其结构类似物对特辛基酚和双酚A的吸附量,表现出较高的选择性识别能力。     

硅胶表面亮菌甲素分子印迹聚合物的制备及其性能研究

采用光接枝印迹方法,在硅胶微球表面制备了以亮菌甲素为模板分子、2-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体的分子印迹聚合物,采用荧光法优选了功能单体及比例,进一步用荧光法对印迹聚合物的吸附特性和印迹效率进行评价.结果表明.该印迹聚合物对模板分子具有特异吸附性能,印迹效率为48.6%.     

分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及表征技术

分子印迹聚合物微球作为一种具有分子识别能力的新型高分子材料,以其吸附选择性好、色谱效率高、便于功能设计等优点在固相萃取、药物手性分离等领域取得了应用.本文介绍了分子印迹聚合物微球的主要制备方法,比较了不同的聚合物微球制备方法用于分子印迹技术中的特点,同时针对不同聚合方法对分子印迹聚合物微球性能的影响作了相应评述,此外对其结构与性能的表征方法也作了较为详细的介绍,在此基础上分析了存在的问题及今后的发展方向.     

谷胱甘肽分子印迹聚合物的制备及其性能研究

采用新型光源高压汞灯制备了三肽分子谷胱甘肽的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs), 反应时间缩短, 制备条件温和. 对MIPs做了一系列的静态吸附实验, 结合荧光测定法研究了不同单体-模板比例下MIPs表现出来的吸附性能. 对最佳比例制备的MIPs进行了一系列性能研究, 包括吸附等温线的测定、Scatchard分析以及薄层色谱分离实验等. 结果表明, 所合成的MIPs对GSH具有良好的吸附和选择识别能力,最大吸附量为45.4 mg/g, 特异因子达到了4.98.     

谷胱甘肽分子印迹聚合物的制备及其性能研究

采用新型光源高压汞灯制备了三肽分子谷胱甘肽的分子印迹聚合物(MIPs),反应时间缩短,制备条件温和.对MIPs做了一系列的静态吸附实验,结合荧光测定法研究了不同单体-模板比例下MIPs表现出来的吸附性能.对最佳比例制备的MIPs进行了一系列性能研究,包括吸附等温线的测定、Scatchard分析以及薄层色谱分离实验等.结果表明,所合成的MIPs对GSH具有良好的吸附和选择识别能力,最大吸附量为45·4mg/g,特异因子达到了4·98.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.