共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 342 毫秒
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教材中,关于单摆振动定律的教学,首先通过演示来得到:1)单摆振动的等时性,2)振动周期跟摆球的质量无关,3)振动周期跟摆长的平方根成正比;其次,介绍从理论上得到并由实验证实的结论,振动周期跟重力加速度的平方根成反比;最后提出惠更斯研究确定的关于单摆振动周期的公式: 相似文献
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由于空气阻尼的作用,测量大摆角单摆“周期”时,测量累计次数增加造成平均“周期”不断减小,在无阻尼实验设定下,系统误差随之增大而随机误差却因此减小.基于弱阻尼大摆角单摆的运动方程与“周期”计算公式,通过数值计算不同摆长与摆角下使不确定度最小的最佳累计摆动次数,发现如果进行单次测量,采用秒表测量时最佳累计摆动次数往往需要大于20次,采用光电门测量时,在不同的摆长和摆角下,测量次数往往也不止1次;而如果采用多次测量,则可以显著减小每次测量所需要的最佳累计摆动次数.采用计算所得最佳摆动次数测量可以将周期测量的不确定度减小到A类不确定度的√2倍. 相似文献
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Determination of the thermal noise limit in test of weak equivalence principle with a rotating torsion pendulum
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Thermal noise is one of the most fundamental limits to the sensitivity in weak equivalence principle test with a rotating torsion pendulum. Velocity damping and internal damping are two of many contributions at the thermal noise, and which one mainly limits the torsion pendulum in low frequency is difficult to be verified by experiment. Based on the conventional method of fast Fourier transform, we propose a developed method to determine the thermal noise limit and then obtain the precise power spectrum density of the pendulum motion signal. The experiment result verifies that the thermal noise is mainly contributed by the internal damping in the fiber in the low frequency torsion pendulum experiment with a high vacuum. Quantitative data analysis shows that the basic noise level in the experiment is about one to two times of the theoretical value of internal damping thermal noise. 相似文献
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Optimal estimation of the amplitude of signal with known frequency in the presence of thermal noise
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《中国物理 B》2019,(10)
In the torsion pendulum experiments, the thermal noise sets the most fundamental limit to the accurate estimation of the amplitude of the signal with known frequency. The variance of the conventional method can meet the limit only when the measurement time is much longer than the relaxation time of the pendulum. By using the maximum likelihood estimation and the equation-of-motion filter operator, we propose an optimal(minimum variance, unbiased) amplitude estimation method without limitation of the measurement time, where thermal fluctuation is the leading noise. While processing the experimental data tests of the Newtonian gravitational inverse square law, the variance of our method has been improved than before and the measurement time of determining the amplitude with this method has been reduced about half than before for the same uncertainty. These results are significant for the torsion experiment when the measurement time is limited. 相似文献