Nonparaxial propagation of a super-Lorentz-Gauss SLGmode beam

Based on the vectorial Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral formulae,this paper derives the analytical nonparaxial propagation equation of a super-Lorentz-Gauss (SLG) SLG 01 mode beam in free space.The far field expression and the scalar paraxial result are treated with special cases of the general formulae.According to the obtained analytical representation,the nonparaxial propagation properties of the SLG 01 mode beam are illustrated and analysed with numerical examples.This research provides an approach to investigate the propagation of the SLG 01 mode beam within the framework of the nonparaxial regime.     

Nonparaxial propagation of a vectorial apertured off-axis Lorentz beam

Based on the vectorial Rayleigh--Sommerfeld integral formula and the complex Gaussian expansion of the hard-edge aperture function, an analytical propagation expression for a nonparaxial vectorial off-axis Lorentz beam passing through a rectangular aperture is derived. The unapertured case, the far field expression and the scalar paraxial result are also presented as special cases of the general formulae, respectively. Some numerical examples are also given to show the propagation characteristics of a nonparaxial vectorial off-axis Lorentz beam through a rectangular aperture. It is indicated that the f parameter, the off-axis displacement and the truncation parameter all play an important role in determining nonparaxial propagation behaviour.     

Comparison between relay propagation and direct propagation of Gaussian-Schell-model beam in turbulent atmosphere along a slant path

The relay propagation of Gaussian-Schell-model in turbulent atmosphere along a slant path is studied in this paper. Based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle and a quadratic approximation, an analytical formula of average intensity for Gaussian-Schell-model beams in turbulent atmosphere along a slant path is derived, and some special cases are discussed. From the study and the comparison with the direct propagation, we can see that the relay propagation has an advantage over the direct propagation. When the altitude of the target is low, the peak intensity of relay propagation is much larger than that of direct propagation. However, because of the limitation of the relay system aperture for relay propagation and the variation of coherence length for direct propagation, the difference in peak intensity between the two propagations decreases with the increase of the target altitude.     

Characteristics of paraxial propagation of a super Lorentz—Gauss SLG01 mode in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis

Analytical propagation expression of a super Lorentz-Gauss（SLG） 01 mode in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis is derived.The SLG 01 mode propagating in uniaxial crystal orthogonal to the optical axis mainly depends on the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index.The SLG 01 mode propagating in uniaxial crystals becomes an astigmatic beam.The beam spot of the SLG 01 mode in the uniaxial crystal is elongated in the x-or y-direction,which is determined by the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index.With the increase of the deviation of the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index from unity,the elongation of the beam spot also augments.In different observation planes,the phase distribution of an SLG 01 mode in the uniaxial crystal takes on different shapes.With the variation of the ratio of the extraordinary refractive index to the ordinary refractive index,the phase distribution is elongated in one transversal direction and is contracted in the other perpendicular direction.This research is beneficial to the practical applications of an SLG mode.     

Preparation and spectral characterization of new Er3+-doped TeO2－B2O3－WO3－ZnO－ZnS glasses

Erbium-doped TeO_2-based oxysulfide glasses have been prepared in argon atmosphere in graphite crucibles. The results of thermal analysis and spectroscopic properties of Er^{3+} have been studied in terms of sulfide influence. As a function of composition, we have measured principally the optical absorption, spontaneous emission, and lifetime of the materials. Judd－Ofelt theory was introduced to calculate bandwidth and emission cross-section of Er^{3+}. The results demonstrate that addition of sulfide in tellurite glasses results in broad emission spectra, with high emission cross-section, slightly low emission lifetime and a comparatively high thermal stability as pure oxide glasses.     

Monolithic epitaxy and optoelectronic properties of single-crystalline γ-In2Se3 thin films on mica

The growth of γ-In₂Se₃ thin films on mica by molecular beam epitaxy is studied. Single-crystalline γ-In₂Se₃ is achieved at a relatively low growth temperature. An ultrathin β-In₂Se₃ buffer layer is observed to nucleate and grow through a process of self-organization at initial deposition, which facilitates subsequent monolithic epitaxy of single-crystallineγ-In₂Se₃ at low temperature. Strong room-temperature photoluminescence and moderate optoelectronic response are observed in the achieved γ-In₂Se₃ thin films.     

Nonlinear optical properties of 75TeO2－20Nb2O5－5ZnO glasses doped with CeO2

Nonlinear optical properties of 75TeO_2－20Nb_2O_5－5ZnO glasses doped with CeO_2 have been investigated with a self-diffracted time-resolved degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) technique at different excitation intensities and lattice temperatures. The DFWM signal exhibits three peaks at higher excitation intensities, where a main peak appears at zero delay time and two rather weak side peaks are located symmetrically at the negative and positive time delay. Due to destructive interferences between the fifth- and third-order polarizations, the line-shape of the main peak around the zero time delay evolves from single peak into a double-peak structure with increasing excitation intensity. Two side peaks emerge at the positive and negative time delay and gradually intensify with increasing excitation intensity or lattice temperature, and their positions are independent of the pulse duration, temperature and excitation intensity, which are attributed to the many-body Coulomb interaction.     

圆波导TM01-TE11模式变换器

提出了一种在圆波导中添加金属分割片及半边金属管壳的结构以实现圆波导TM01-TE11模式转换。通过金属分割片将圆波导分成两个半圆区域：其中一个半圆区域为空波导,另一半圆区域为填充一定厚度金属管壳的空波导。在S波段对设计的中心频率为2.8 GHz的物理模型进行数值模拟与实验研究,模拟结果表明：在中心频率2.8 GHz转换效率为99.56%,反射率低于0.01;在2.716~2.946 GHz频带内转换效率大于90%,S11小于-10 dB。实验中测试到的S11参数与模拟结果基本一致,证明了该变换器技术方案的可行性和模拟结果的正确性     

紧凑型宽带TE01-TE02模式转换器

在传播常数随半径变化的情况下近似分析了两模转换条件,得到了模式转换器的初始结构,然后调用迭代法进行优化,最终能得到结构紧凑、带宽较宽、转换效率高的模式转换器。设计了两周期的Ka波段和一周期的W波段TE01-TE02模式转换器,带宽（转换效率95%以上频带宽度）分别达到2.47,8 GHz。CST仿真结果与耦合波仿真程序计算结果吻合较好,验证了该方法的有效性。     

High resolution rovibrational spectroscopy of pyrimidine: Analysis of the B1 modes ν10b and ν4 and B2 mode ν6b

We report the first high resolution rovibrational analysis of the infrared spectrum of pyrimidine (C₄H₄N₂) based on measurements using our Fourier transform spectrometer, the Bruker IFS 125 HR Zürich Prototype (ZP) 2001. Measurements were conducted at room temperature in a White-type cell with effective optical path lengths between 3.2 and 9.6 m and with resolutions ranging from 0.0008 to 0.0018 cm⁻¹ in the region between 600 and 1000 cm⁻¹. The spectrum was analyzed in the ν₄ (), ν_10b () and ν_6b regions of pyrimidine () using an effective Hamiltonian. A total of about 15 000 rovibrational transitions were assigned. The root mean square deviations of the fitted data are in the ranges d_rms = 0.00018-0.00024 cm⁻¹, indicating an excellent agreement of experimental line data with the calculations. The results are discussed briefly in relation to possible extensions to spectra of DNA bases and to intramolecular vibrational redistribution at higher energy. The analysis of the ν_10b and ν₄ bands will also be useful in the interstellar search for pyrimidine in the infrared region.     

高功率毫米波圆波导TM01—TE11模式变换分析

 在数值研究高功率毫米波TM₀₁—TE₁₁光滑弯曲圆波导模式变换的基础上，对弯曲波导的几何结构进行了优化分析。在模式耦合理论的基础上，优化出了比较好的几何结构，并发现了圆波导半径、弯曲圆波导曲率和频率以及频带宽度之间的变化规律。以此数据设计的模式变换器的转换效率可达99%，带宽超过29.8%。     

高功率毫米波圆波导TM01—TE11模式变换分析

在数值研究高功率毫米波TM01—TE11光滑弯曲圆波导模式变换的基础上,对弯曲波导的几何结构进行了优化分析。在模式耦合理论的基础上,优化出了比较好的几何结构,并发现了圆波导半径、弯曲圆波导曲率和频率以及频带宽度之间的变化规律。以此数据设计的模式变换器的转换效率可达99%,带宽超过29.8%。     

TE01-TE11模式转换器的带宽特性

针对模式转换器设计中在相同的中心频点转换效率下模式转换器越短带宽越宽的传统观点,研究发现了最佳长度的存在,即当结构长度大于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而减小,当结构长度小于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而增加。通过对中心频率35 GHz、半径13.6 mm的TE01-TE11模式转换器进行的验证发现,最佳长度为550 mm,此时带宽达到最大值6.28%。     

TE01-TE11模式转换器的带宽特性

针对模式转换器设计中在相同的中心频点转换效率下模式转换器越短带宽越宽的传统观点,研究发现了最佳长度的存在,即当结构长度大于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而减小,当结构长度小于最佳长度时,带宽随着结构长度增加而增加。通过对中心频率35 GHz、半径13.6 mm的TE01-TE11模式转换器进行的验证发现,最佳长度为550 mm,此时带宽达到最大值6.28%。     

Design of magnet and control of the beam emittance for Penning H－ ion source

The design requirement and principle of the deflection magnet for Magnetron and Penning H^－ ion source are discussed. It is proved that there exists a maximum emittance for the beam that may be transformed by the magnet into a state with equal Twiss parameters of α_r=α_y and β_r=β_y, which is the requisite condition to get a minimum emittance at the entrance of RFQ after transporting by a LEBT with solenoids. For this maximum emittance, the corresponding magnetic field gradient index is 1.     

TE01-TE11模式变换器的迭代设计方法

对模式变换器的迭代设计方法做了改进：给出了合理的迭代步长初始值取值方式;在迭代时只考虑了贡献较大的几条耦合线,而忽略了贡献小的耦合线,从而改善带宽。利用改进的迭代设计方法设计了波导直径与自由空间波长比值为2.765 5的TE01-TE11模式变换器,总长度为600 mm,相对带宽为6%,中心频率转换效率为99.14%,总计算时间为40 s。利用CST软件进行了仿真验证,结果吻合较好。     

Optical properties of single-phase β-FeSi2 films fabricated by electron beam evaporation

Single-phase semiconducting iron disilicide (β-FeSi₂) films on silicon substrate were fabricated by electron beam evaporation (EBE) technique. For preventing the oxidation of Fe film, silicon/iron/silicon sandwich structure films with different thickness of silicon and iron were deposited and then annealed at different temperatures. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements were carried out to study the phase distribution and crystal quality of the films. Single-phase β-FeSi₂ with high crystal quality was achieved after annealing at 800 °C for 5 h. An apparent direct bandgap E_g of approximately 0.85-0.88 eV was observed in the β-FeSi₂ films. It is considered that the silicon/iron/silicon sandwich structure is suited for formation of single-phase β-FeSi₂ with high crystal quality.     

超洛伦兹-高斯光束SLG11模的分数傅里叶变换特性

引入了一簇互相正交的超洛伦兹-高斯光束以描述半导体激光器所产生的大角度高阶模远场分布。将分数傅里叶变换应用于超洛伦兹-高斯光束SLG11模的传输特性的研究中。利用傅里叶变换的卷积原理,导出了SLG11模经分数傅里叶变换系统后场分布的解析表达式。根据所得到的公式进行了数值计算,系统分析了分数傅里叶变换阶数和光束各参数对SLG11模在分数傅里叶变换面上光强分布的影响。结果显示：SLG11模在分数傅里叶变换面上的归一化强度分布随分数傅里叶变换的阶数呈周期性变化,周期为2;随着光束参数的增大,SLG11模在分数傅里叶变换面上的光斑尺寸增大。     

The influence of isotope substitution of neon atom on the integral cross sections of rotational excitation in Ne-Na2 collisions

This paper applies the multiple ellipsoid model to the 16 Ne (20 Ne,28 Ne,34 Ne)-Na 2 collision systems,and calculates integral cross sections for rotational excitation at the incident energy of 190 meV.It can be seen that the accuracy of the integral cross sections can be improved by increasing the number of equipotential ellipsoid surfaces.Moreover,by analysing the differences of these integral cross sections,it obtains the change rules of the integral cross sections with the increase of rotational angular quantum number J,and with the change of the mass of isotope substitution neon atom.Finally,the contribution of different regions of the potential to inelastic cross sections for 20 Ne-Na 2 collision system is investigated at relative incident energy of 190 meV.     

圆波导TM01-矩形波导TE10模式转换器

设计了一种高功率圆波导TM01-矩形波导TM10模式转换器,可以实现圆波导TM01模式与矩形波导TM10模式之间的相互转换。仿真结果表明：中心频率为9.7 GHz时该模式转换器转换效率大于99.99%,回波损耗小于-40 dB,转换效率大于90%时的带宽大于0.4 GHz。调节底面短路圆波导长度可以实现模式转换器在9.2~10.1 GHz范围内调谐(模式转换效率大于99%)。在圆波导和耦合段连接处引入倒角可有效降低场强,提高功率容量,注入功率0.7 GW,其表面场强小于1 MV/cm。