螺旋隔板花瓣管换热器的传热强化研究

比较了螺旋用板花瓣管和螺旋隔板低肋管润滑油冷却器和空气冷却器的传热性能,实验结果表明,无论是作为油冷却器,还是作为空气冷却器,螺旋隔板花瓣换热器的综合传热性能明显优于螺旋隔板低肋管换热器,且螺旋隔板花瓣换热器还能节省３０％以上的铜管重量．     

高温空气燃烧炉内耦合传热的数值模拟

用自行开发的三维湍流流动、燃烧、辐射传热和NO_x湍流生成的计算程序,用离散坐标方法(DOM)模拟炉内的辐射传热并与其它传热方式相耦合,与各个输运方程共同求解,对燃烧室内的温度场进行了数值模拟.通过改变高温空气的预热温度,数值分析了高温空气燃烧炉内采用燃气直接喷射技术(FDI)的温度分布特性,检验了所采用的耦合数值模拟技术的有效性.模拟计算结果表明,提高空气预热温度,炉内温度的峰值相应增大,温度梯度降低,温度分布更均匀,火焰更长.相关的实验结果与数值预报的结果对比表明了相一致的规律.     

高温熔盐横纹管传热特性与强化机理研究

本文对以熔融盐为传热工质的横纹管传热过程进行了实验研究。研究温度、热流密度对横纹管传热性能的影响,并与光管的传热性能进行比较,探讨了强化传热的机理,确定了强化传热的范围和途径。实验结果表明:横纹管比光管具有更好的传热性能。     

方管核心流区域添加内插物强化传热的实验研究

对方管核心流区域添加内插物强化对流传热进行了实验研究,对传热与阻力特性和PEC值进行了实验分析,实验结果表明,方管内的换热平均强化了2.2倍,PEC值为1.06～1.8之间.此外,实验表明,在层流和湍流情况下PEC均大于1,但层流状态下效果更加显著.     

斜翅型冷凝强化换热管传热性能的实验研究

对一种斜翅型外翅片带内螺纹的冷凝强化换热管进行传热性能的实验研究。管外冷凝换热的制冷剂为R134a,管内对流换热的介质为水。分别在定热流密度与定水流速的条件下进行一系列工况的实验,得到相应的实验数据。在定热流密度条件下,利用Wilson图解法得到管内的换热系数数据及相应的计算关联式。在定水流速的条件下,利用分离方法得到管外冷凝换热系数数据及相应的计算关联式。将强化管换热系数数据与光管换热系数的理论计算值进行了比较,结果表明:冷凝强化换热管管内对流换热的强化倍率为2.4,管外凝结换热系数随壁面过冷度的增加而增大,管外凝结换热的强化倍率为:1.78～3.92。     

微尺度平面射流冲击的强化传热实验研究

本文以煤油为工质进行了窄缝射流冲击传热实验研究。对射流冲击平板时的局部传热分布做了测定，并发现了局部换热强化现象，这是由于存在壁面射流区边界层流动由层流向湍流的过渡。实验采用宽度为１２５μｍ的窄缝喷嘴，射流出口速度为６～１４ｍ／ｓ，雷诺数Ｒｅ范围６００～１２００。     

竖直圆管内超临界压力煤油传热特性实验研究

在压力2.5~4 MPa, 质量流量0.7~1.7 g/s, 热流密度0.06~1 MW/m2的实验条件下, 对煤油在内径1 mm, 长度300 mm竖直上升圆管内的流动与传热特性开展了实验研究, 并分析了传热系数随局部油温的变化及不同实验参数对传热的影响.结果表明, 超临界压力下煤油传热主要由自身物性和流动状态决定.超临界压力煤油传热过程大致可以分为3个区域:正常传热区传热强化区和传热恶化区.传热强化主要是湍流掺混增强和近壁面流体在拟临界温度附近物性剧烈变化的综合作用; 传热恶化则是因为壁温及近壁面流体温度远高于拟临界温度, 在近壁面发生了类似于亚临界状态下的“拟膜态沸腾”.      

自激振荡流热管脉冲加热强化传热实验研究

自激振荡流热管也称为脉动热管,是一种新型高效的传热元件。本文提出了采用脉冲加热代替常规连续热源加热强化自激振荡流热管传热的方法,并对其进行了实验研究。实验结果显示,脉冲加热时热管冷、热端壁面温度的振荡频率明显大于连续加热热管的壁面温度振荡频率。在相同的加热功率下,当脉冲宽度在200-1000 ms时,脉冲加热热管的传输热流量与当量导热系数均大于连续加热热管的传输功率和当量导热系数．这表明脉冲加热强化自激振荡流热管传热的方法是可行的．     

声空化强化振荡流热管传热实验研究

本文提出了声空化强化振荡流热管传热的方法,并对常规振荡流热管与声空化振荡流热管传热性能进行了对比实验,观察不同加热温度和声空化强度对热管传热性能的影响.实验结果表明在不同的声空化强度下,声空化振荡流热管传热均大于常规振荡流热管;在相同的加热温度下,声空化振荡流热管的当量导热系数均大于常规振荡流热管.声空化强化振荡流热管传热的方法是可行的.     

R407C水冷冷凝器传热强化的实验研究

本文通过实验,研究了替代制冷工质R407C在螺旋隔板花瓣管冷凝器中的传热性能,实验结果表明,随着热流密度的增加,冷凝器的总传热系数也不断增大。在相同热流密度下,其总传热系数比板式冷凝器提高40％以上。     

高温及超高温热管的启动特性和传热极限

根据局部高温、高热流加热等特殊场合的需求,设计、加工了钠高温热管及锂超高温热管,并对热管的启动和极限特性进行了研究。高温及超高温热管能够顺利启动,但启动时应注意可能到来的声速传热极限。端部加热启动时,端部附近管体部分会形成一段等效的加热段,可以将工质从启动时的固体状态到全部熔化形成相变传热及流动循环的时间确定为启动时间。热管的传热极限特性表明,超高温热管应工作在更高的温度和更大的热流密度。热管的结构和工艺优化有利于启动和运行。     

方柱微结构表面射流-流动沸腾强化换热

采用长×宽×厚为10 mm×10 mm×0.5 mm的硅片来模拟实际芯片散热,通过干腐蚀技术在其表面加工出宽×高分别为50μm×60μm,50μm×120μm的方柱微结构,实验研究了方柱微结构在射流冲击下的流动沸腾换热性能。过冷度为25℃和35℃,横流速度V_c为0.5,1.0,1.5 m/s,喷射速度V_j为0～2 m/s,冷却工质为FC-72。实验结果和同工况下的光滑表面作了对比。结果表明,方柱微结构由于换热面积的增加从而表现出优于光滑表面的强化换热性能,增加过冷度和提高V_c以及V_j都提高了芯片在高热流密度下的换热性能,但随着V_c的增加,射流冲击的强化作用减弱,低流动高喷射的强化效果最为明显。方柱肋片效率随着热流密度的增加而减小,随着V_c(V_j)增加,方柱肋片效率也逐渐下降,但降幅随着V_c的增加而减小。     

Heat Transfer Enhancement for Drag-Reducing Surfactant Fluid Using Photo-Rheological Counterion

A new heat transfer enhancement method for a drag-reducing surfactant solution using a photo-rheological counterion was discussed. Surfactant and counterion concentration effect on heat transfer enhancement was investigated combining with rheological test. Surfactant/counterion concentration of 4 mM/5 mM was considered as an efficient concentration for heat transfer enhancement.     

微酒窝通道与圆柱面凹槽通道对流传热强化分析

结合对流传热场协同原理分析了微酒窝通道、圆柱面凹槽通道及低肋通道强化传热特点,研究发现酒窝与圆柱面凹槽强化传热主要原因为:1)增加近壁区流体扰动,促进酒窝或凹槽内部流体与主流之间的传热;2)酒窝与凹槽均可扩展传热面积,进而提高总传热量。与低肋通道相比,酒窝与圆柱面凹槽仅对其附近流体的流动产生影响,而对主流流体的流动影响较小,进而阻力增加较少。提出传热量单元性能参数PEC_A作为评价指标,酒窝通道综合性能参数略高于圆柱面凹槽通道,而远高于低肋通道。     

Heat Transfer Enhancement from A Rectangular Flat Plate With Constant Heat Flux in Pulsating Flows

Experiments have been carried out to study heat transfer enhancement from a heated rectangular flat plate in pulsating flows. A heat transfer empirical formula of the heated rectangular flat plate in pulsating flows was developed that correlates the heat transfer enhancement factor to the Womersley number (α = 3.3–23.8), the Reynolds number (Re = 527–4,217), and the pressure coefficient (C _p  = 41.3–31,644.6). The results demonstrate that heat transfer from the rectangular flat plate was enhanced significantly under proper conditions. In addition, the influence of the Reynolds number on the heat transfer enhancement factor increases as the pressure amplitude increases.     

高温空气燃烧炉内湍流混合特性的数值研究

应用自行研发的三维流动、燃烧、传热和污染物NO_x湍流生成的数值模拟程序,对高温空气燃烧实验模型炉进行了湍流扩散燃烧混合特性的数值模拟.数值预报了燃烧室内气体燃料和空气的混合物分数及其湍流脉动的三维分布.数值研究结果表明:在一定的几何条件和气体动力学条件下,高温空气燃烧的湍流混合在更广泛的区域内以较小梯度的进行;混合物分数的脉动主要分布在燃烧区,这表明高温空气燃烧的火焰厚度更大,具有燃烧释热更趋均匀的特性.数值模拟结果与相关的实验结果有相同的规律.     

Effects of Heating Load on Flow Resistance and Convective Heat Transfer in Micro-pin-fin Heat Sinks with Different Cross-section Shapes

The flow and convective heat transfer characteristics under different heating loads in micro-pin-fins of circle, diamond and triangle are experimentally investigated with Reynolds number ranging from 0–1,000. The pressure drops, friction factors, thermal resistance and Nusselt number in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are obtained when the heating load changes from 50 to 150 W. Basing on the experimental results, the mechanisms of the influence of heating load on the resistance and heat transfer characteristics in micro-pin-fins with different cross-section shapes are detailed analysed. It is found that pressure drops in three types of micro-pin-fins all become large with the increase of the heating load, and the change of pressure drop in triangular micro-pin-fins is larger than those in the other two micro-pin-fins. At low Re, the friction factors in the three types of micro-pin-fins become large with the increase of the heating load, but this phenomenon disappears when Re>400 for the circle and diamond micro-pin-fins, and Re>250 for the triangular micro-pin-fins. The convective heat transfer in micro-pin-fins with cross-section shapes of circle, diamond and is enhanced by increasing the heating load, but the convective heat transfer coefficients and Nu in the triangular micro-pin-fins becomes slightly smaller when Re>250.     

新型制冷机冷凝器壳侧的传热强化研究

针对现行制冷机冷凝器的不足 ,设计了适用于冷凝传热的新型折流杆冷凝器的壳程内部结构 ,并分析了其传热强化机理。在重力控制条件下 ,对不同内部支承结构与管束组合的冷凝器进行了传热实验研究 ,得到了水蒸汽在冷凝器壳侧的冷凝传热特性曲线。采用冷凝传热强化因子的概念 ,建立了预测该种折流杆冷凝器壳侧冷凝传热膜系数的计算公式 ,为折流杆冷疑器在制冷系统中的设计应用提供了理论依据。     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Turbulator on Heat Transfer in a Concentric-type Heat Exchanger

This article experimentally and numerically analyzes the effect of turbulators with different geometries (Type I, Type II, Type III, and Type IV) located at the inlet of the inner pipe in a concentric-type heat exchanger. Experiments were performed at parallel-flow conditions in the same and opposite directions to investigate the impact of manufactured turbulators on heat transfer and pressure drop. In the numerical study, ANSYS 12.0 Fluent code program was used, and basic protection equations were solved in the steady-state, three-dimensional, and turbulence-flow conditions. Results were obtained from numerical analysis conducted at different flow values of air (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 m³/h). The distribution of temperature, velocity, and pressure was demonstrated as a result of numerical analyses. Experimental and numerical results were compared, and it was observed that they were in conformity with each other. When the data obtained from the analyses were examined, the highest heat transfer, pressure drop, and friction factor increase were detected to be in the Type IV turbulator.