金催化2-炔基芳基叠氮串联反应有效合成3-炔基吲哚

通过炔基化合物捕捉由金催化2-炔基芳基叠氮化合物产生的金卡宾,经串联反应有效合成了3-炔基吲哚.在60℃以2 mol%John Phos Au Cl作为催化剂进行反应,获得了高达94%产率的3-炔基吲哚目标产物.提供了一种非常简单、有效、普适性高的合成3-炔基吲哚的方法.     

由(E)-β-碘代烯基砜和末端炔合成多取代的1,3-烯炔

通过(E)-b-碘代烯基砜与末端炔的Sonogashira偶联反应,以中等到良好的产率合成了磺酰基取代的1,3-烯炔。在NiCl2(PPh3)2催化下,产物与格氏试剂发生脱磺酰基偶联反应,磺酰基被进一步转化为不同的取代基。     

金属镍催化炔基铝与炔溴高效合成对称1,3-二炔化合物

1,3-二炔类化合物是一类重要的有机合成中间体,被广泛应用于药物化学、有机合成及材料科学中.在室温条件下,以乙二醇二甲醚(DME)为溶剂,炔基溴(1 mmol)与炔基铝试剂(1.5 mmol)在Ni(acac)2(5 mol%)/DPPE(10 mol%)催化下进行偶联反应,以中等至优秀的收率得到了多种1,3-二炔烃类化合物.该反应体系对于带不同种类的功能基团的芳炔基铝试剂及炔基溴均有很好的催化活性.而且对于大位阻的α-萘炔及杂环2-噻吩炔也有较好的催化效果.该反应体系简单、催化效率高,不需要其它共催化剂.     

三溴化金催化端炔与二芳基二硒醚反应合成炔基硒醚

炔基硒醚是合成一些有机硒化合物的重要起始物。本文研究发现,在三溴化金(Au Br3)催化下,端位炔和二芳基二硒醚在弱碱(如碳酸钾)存在下反应,生成炔基芳基硒醚,产率为69%~98%;在空气参与下,于80℃下进行反应,反应条件简单,且二硒醚的两个硒原子均可以被利用。二甲基亚砜(DMSO)是合适的溶剂,在极性较小的溶剂(如甲苯、四氢呋喃)中,此反应不能进行。芳基炔(如苯乙炔、对甲基苯乙炔、对氯苯乙炔等)、烯基炔(如环己烯乙炔)和烷基炔(如1-壬炔)均能顺利进行此反应。当芳基炔苯环的间位或邻位连有取代基时,反应产率较低(69%~82%),而对位无论是连有吸电子基还是给电子基,该反应均可以得到很高的产率(95%)。     

钯催化氧化/水解2-炔基芳基叠氮一锅法合成2-苯甲酰胺基苯甲酸

描述了通过钯催化2-炔基芳基叠氮一锅法氧化/水解制备2-苯甲酰胺基苯甲酸的合成方法.在温和的反应条件下,反应以良好至极好的产率完成.     

钯催化氧化/水解2-炔基芳基叠氮一锅法合成2-苯甲酰胺基苯甲酸（英文）

描述了通过钯催化2-炔基芳基叠氮一锅法氧化/水解制备2-苯甲酰胺基苯甲酸的合成方法.在温和的反应条件下,反应以良好至极好的产率完成.     

苯基锡炔基膦酸酯的合成

由于烃基锡的磷(膦)酸衍生物具有广泛的生物活性,近年来受到人们的极大关注,相继合成出了许多具有杀虫、杀菌、除草等性能的烃基锡-O,O-二烃基二硫代磷酸酯[1,2]、烃基锡-O-烃基膦酸酯[3]等.但烃基锡烃基膦酸酯的研究则很少,尤其是烃基锡不饱和膦酸酯的研究至今仅有一篇文献[4].本文以二(三)苯基氯化锡和炔基膦酸二钠为原料,合成了10种新的苯基锡炔基膦酸酯,以期获得高生物活性的有机锡化合物.     

碘催化的2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚的亲电环化反应

研究了碘催化的2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚的亲电环化反应. 结果表明, 在碘单质(0.2 mmol)、 2-炔基苯胺(0.2 mmol)、 二硒醚(0.1 mmol)和甲苯(2 mL)共存体系中, 反应温度为110℃时, 2-炔基苯胺与二硒醚能发生亲电环化反应, 生成相应的3-硒取代吲哚化合物, 产率为中等到良好. 该反应在无金属催化的条件下进行, 为合成官能团吲哚提供了一种新途径.     

金催化炔基膦酸酯水合反应合成β-羰基膦酸酯

β-羰基膦酸酯是一类重要的有机化合物和反应中间体,在有机合成及药物化学中发挥着重要的作用.提供了一种高原子经济性、高选择性、温和的炔基膦酸酯水合反应体系.实验结果表明:在阳离子金催化剂(2.5 mol%)的催化作用下,以1,2-二氯乙烷(1 m L)为溶剂,室温下炔基膦酸酯(1 mmol)与水(3 mmol)发生水合反应,高收率、高区域选择性地得到β-羰基膦酸酯化合物(收率≥92%).该方法具有底物适用范围广、反应条件温和、环境友好等优点,为含β-羰基膦酸酯结构单元的天然产物及复杂药物分子的合成提供了一种新途径.     

钯催化偶联-消去法合成芳基末端炔的研究进展

钯催化偶联-消去法合成芳基末端炔的研究进展;芳炔;偶联反应;钯催化剂;合成;综述     

Synthesis of 15‐Cyano‐12‐oxopentadecano‐15‐lactone and 15‐Cyano‐ 12‐oxopentadecano‐15‐lactam

15‐Cyano‐12‐oxopentadecano‐15‐lactone was synthesized in 59% total yield starting from 2‐nitrocyclododecanone by Michael addition to acrylaldehyde, followed by reaction with trimethylsilylcyanide, hydrolysis, ring‐expansion, and Nef reaction. A two‐step, one‐pot synthesis of intermediate 2‐hydroxy‐4‐(1‐nitro‐2‐oxycyclododecyl)butanenitrile from 3‐(1‐nitro‐2‐oxocyclododecyl)propanal was developed and the conditions for the Nef reaction were studied. 15‐Cyano‐12‐oxopentadecano‐15‐lactam was synthesized in 40% total yield starting from 2‐nitrocyclododecanone by Michael addition to acrylaldehyde, followed by Strecker reaction, ring‐expansion, and Nef reaction. The conditions for the Strecker and Nef reactions were studied. The structures of the target compounds, intermediates, and by‐product were characterized by IR, ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR, and elemental analysis or MS.     

Synthesis of some new 1‐acyl‐5‐aryl‐3‐(5‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole

Some new compounds (E)‐3‐aryl‐1‐(5‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐prop‐2‐en‐1‐ones 5a–e were prepared by 1‐(5‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐ethanone and various aromatic aldehydes. Then one pot reaction was happened by compounds 5a–e with hydrazine hydrate in acetic acid or propionic acid, respectively, to give the title compounds 1acyl‐5‐aryl‐3‐(5‐methyl‐1‐p‐tolyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles 6a–i . All structures were established by MS, IR, CHN, ¹H‐NMR and ¹³C‐NMR spectral data. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).     

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of (1Z, 3Z)‐4,4‐Dimethyl‐1‐substitutedphenyl‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐pent‐1‐en‐3‐one O‐[2,4‐dimethylthiazole(or 4‐methyl‐1,2,3‐thiadiazole)]‐5‐carbonyl Oximes

A series of novel (Z)‐1‐tert‐butyl (or phenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐ethanone O‐[2,4‐dimethylthiazole (or 4‐methyl‐1,2,3‐thiadiazole) ?5‐carbonyl] oximes 5a – 5c and (1Z, 3Z)‐4,4‐dimethyl‐1‐substitutedphenyl‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐pent‐1‐en‐3‐one O‐[2,4‐dimethylthiazole (or 4‐methyl‐1,2,3‐thiadiazole)‐5‐carbonyl] oximes 6a – 6e were synthesized by the condensations of (Z)‐1‐tert‐butyl (or phenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐ethanone oximes 3 or (1Z, 3Z)‐4,4‐dimethyl‐1‐substitutedphenyl‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐pent‐1‐en‐3‐one oximes 4 with 2,4‐dimethylthiazole‐5‐carbonyl chloride or 4‐methyl‐1,2,3‐thiadiazole‐5‐carbonyl chloride in the basic condition. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H NMR, mass spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. The results of preliminary bioassays showed the title compounds 5 and 6 exhibited moderate to good fungicidal activities. For example, compound 6c possessed 86.4% inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum, and compound 6b exhibited 86.4 and 100% inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum and Cercospora arachidicola Hori at the concentration of 50 mg/L, respectively.     

4‐Ethynyl‐4‐hydroxycyclohexan‐1‐one and 4‐ethynyl‐4‐hydroxy‐2,3,5,6‐tetramethylcyclohexa‐2,5‐dien‐1‐one

The title compounds, C₈H₁₀O₂, (I), and C₁₂H₁₄O₂, (II), occurred as by‐products in the controlled synthesis of a series of bis­(gem‐alkynols), prepared as part of an extensive study of synthon formation in simple gem‐alkynol derivatives. The two 4‐(gem‐alkynol)‐1‐ones crystallize in space group P2₁/c, (I) with Z′ = 1 and (II) with Z′ = 2. Both structures are dominated by O—H?O=C hydrogen bonds, which form simple chains in the cyclo­hexane derivative, (I), and centrosymmetric dimers, of both symmetry‐independent mol­ecules, in the cyclo­hexa‐2,5‐diene, (II). These strong synthons are further stabilized by C[triple‐bond]C—H?O=C, C_methylene—H?O(H) and C_methyl—H?O(H) interactions. The direct intermolecular interactions between donors and acceptors in the gem‐alkynol group, which characterize the bis­(gem‐alkynol) analogues of (I) and (II), are not present in the ketone derivatives studied here.     

Methyl 2‐benzamido‐4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐5‐methylbenzoate and N‐{5‐benzoyl‐2‐[(Z)‐2‐methoxyethenyl]‐4‐methylphenyl}benzamide

Methyl 2‐benzamido‐4‐(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐5‐methylbenzoate, C₂₄H₂₃NO₅, (Ia), and N‐{5‐benzoyl‐2‐[(Z)‐2‐methoxyethenyl]‐4‐methylphenyl}benzamide, C₂₄H₂₁NO₃, (IIa), were formed via a Diels–Alder reaction of appropriately substituted 2H‐pyran‐2‐ones and methyl propiolate or (Z)‐1‐methoxybut‐1‐en‐3‐yne, respectively. Each of these cycloadditions might yield two different regioisomers, but just one was obtained in each case. In (Ia), an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond closes a six‐membered ring. A chain is formed due to aromatic π–π interactions, and a three‐dimensional framework structure is formed by a combination of C—H...O and C—H...π(arene) hydrogen bonds. Compound (IIa) was formed not only regioselectively but also chemoselectively, with just the triple bond reacting and the double bond remaining unchanged. Compound (IIa) crystallizes as N—H...O hydrogen‐bonded dimers stabilized by aromatic π–π interactions. Dimers of (IIa) are connected into a chain by weak C—H...π(arene) interactions.     

7‐Iodo‐8‐aza‐7‐deaza‐2′‐deoxy­adenosine and 7‐bromo‐8‐aza‐7‐deaza‐2′‐deoxyadenosine

The isomorphous structures of the title molecules, 4‐amino‐1‐(2‐deoxy‐β‐d ‐erythro‐pento­furan­osyl)‐3‐iodo‐1H‐pyrazolo‐[3,4‐d]pyrimidine, (I), C₁₀H₁₂IN₅O₃, and 4‐amino‐3‐bromo‐1‐(2‐deoxy‐β‐d ‐erythro‐pento­furan­osyl)‐1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐d]­pyrimidine, (II), C₁₀H₁₂BrN₅O₃, have been determined. The sugar puckering of both compounds is C1′‐endo (^1′E). The N‐­glycosidic bond torsion angle χ¹ is in the high‐anti range [?73.2 (4)° for (I) and ?74.1 (4)° for (II)] and the crystal structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds.     

New domino‐reaction for the synthesis of N4‐(5‐aryl‐1,3‐oxathiol‐2‐yliden)‐2‐phenylquinazolin‐4‐amines and 4‐[4‐aryl‐5‐(2‐phenylquinazolin‐4‐yl)‐1,3‐thiazol‐2‐yl]morpholine

The model morpholine‐1‐carbothioic acid (2‐phenyl‐3H‐quinazolin‐4‐ylidene) amide (1) reacts with phenacyl bromides to afford N⁴‐(5‐aryl‐1,3‐oxathiol‐2‐yliden)‐2‐phenylquinazolin‐4‐amines (4) or N⁴‐(4,5‐diphenyl‐1,3‐oxathiol‐2‐yliden)‐2‐phenyl‐4‐aminoquinazoline ( 5 ) by a thermodynamically controlled reversible reaction favoring the enolate intermediate, while the 4‐[4‐aryl‐5‐(2‐phenylquinazolin‐4‐yl)‐1,3‐thiazol‐2‐yl]morpholine ( 8 ) was produced by a kinetically controlled reaction favoring the C‐anion intermediate. ¹H nmr, ¹³C nmr, ir, mass spectroscopy and x‐ray identified compounds ( 4 ), ( 5 ) and ( 8 ).     

Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of 5‐Aryl‐1‐(aryloxyacetyl)‐3‐(tert‐butyl or phenyl)‐4‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrazole

A series of novel 5‐aryl‐1‐(aryloxyacetyl)‐3‐(tert‐butyl or phenyl)‐4‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)‐4,5‐dihydropyrazole 3a – 3n were synthesized by the annulation of 2‐aryloxyacetohydrazides with 3‐aryl‐1‐t‐butyl (or phenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐ones ( 2 ) in the presence of a catalytic amount of acetic acid. Compounds 2 were obtained by the Knoevenagel reactions of 1‐t‐butyl (or phenyl)‐2‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)ethanone ( 1 ) with aromatic aldehydes in the presence of piperidine. Their structures were confirmed by IR, ¹H‐NMR, ESI‐MS, and elemental analyses. The preliminary bioassay indicated that some compounds displayed moderate to excellent fungicidal activity. For example, compounds 3l , 3m , and 3n possessed 100% inhibition against Cercospora arachidicola Hori at the concentration of 50 mg/L.     

Convenient Entry to α‐Amino‐β‐hydroxy‐γ‐methyl Carboxylic Acids. Diastereoselective Formation and Directed Homogeneous Hydrogenation of 3‐(3‐Aryl‐1‐hydroxy‐2‐methylprop‐2‐enyl)‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones

Aldol reaction of 7‐chloro‐1,3‐dihydro‐1‐methyl‐5‐phenyl‐2H‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐one ( 1 ) with 4‐substituted α‐methylcinnamaldehydes 2 – 5 afforded a mixture of threo‐ and erythro‐3‐(3‐aryl‐1‐hydroxy‐2‐methylprop‐2‐enyl)‐7‐chloro‐1,3‐dihydro‐1‐methyl‐5‐phenyl‐2H‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones 6 – 13 . The chromatographically separated threo diastereoisomers 6, 8, 10 , and 12 and erythro diastereoisomers 7, 9, 11 , and 13 were submitted to ‘directed' homogeneous hydrogenation catalyzed by [Rh^I(cod)(diphos‐4)]ClO₄ (cod=cycloocta‐1,5‐diene, diphos‐4=butane‐1,4‐diylbis[diphenylphosphine]. From the erythro‐racemates 9, 11 , and 13 , the erythro,erythro/erythro,threo‐diastereoisomer mixtures 16 / 17, 20 / 21 , and 24 / 25 were obtained in ratios of 20 : 80 to 28 : 72 (HPLC), which were separated by chromatography. From the threo racemates 8, 10 , and 12 , the threo,threo/threo,erythro‐diastereoisomer mixtures were obtained in a ratio of ca. 25 : 75 (¹H‐NMR). The relative configurations were assigned by means of ¹H‐NMR data and X‐ray crystal‐structure determination of 21 . Hydrolysis of 21 afforded the diastereoisomerically pure N‐(benzyloxy)carbonyl derivative 27 of α‐amino‐β‐hydroxy‐γ‐methylpentanoic acid 26 , representative of the novel group of polysubstituted α‐amino‐β‐hydroxycarboxylic acids.     

Synthesis and Characterization of New 7‐Substituted 6,14‐Ethenomorphinane Derivatives: N‐{5‐[(5α,7α)‐4,5‐Epoxy‐3,6‐dimethoxy‐17‐methyl‐6,14‐ethenomorphinan‐7‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl}arenamines

In this study, (5α,7α)‐4,5‐epoxy‐3,6‐dimethoxy‐17‐methyl‐6,14‐ethenomorphinan‐7‐carboxylic acid hydrazide ( 5 ) was synthesized by the condensation of methyl (5α,7α)‐4,5‐epoxy‐3,6‐dimethoxy‐17‐methyl‐6,14‐ethenomorphinan‐7‐carboxylate ( 4 ) with NH₂NH₂⋅H₂O. The (5α,7α)‐4,5‐epoxy‐3,6‐dimethoxy‐17‐methyl‐6,14‐ethenomorphinan‐7‐carboxylic acid 2‐[(arylamino)carbonyl]hydrazides 6a – 6q were prepared by the reaction of 5 with corresponding substituted aryl isocyanates, and the N‐{5‐[(5α,7α)‐4,5‐epoxy‐3,6‐dimethoxy‐17‐methyl‐6,14‐ethenomorphinan‐7‐yl]‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl}arenamines 7a – 7q were obtained via the cyclization reaction of 6a – 6q in the presence of POCl₃. The synthesized compounds have a rigid morphine structure, including the 6,14‐endo‐etheno bridge and the 5‐(arylamino)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl residue at C(7) adopting the (S)‐configuration (7α). The structures of the compounds were confirmed by high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS) and various spectroscopic methods such as FT‐IR, ¹H‐NMR, ¹³C‐NMR, APT, and 2D‐NMR (HETCOR, COSY, INADEQUATE).