免疫毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光分析DNA加合物的方法学研究

DNA加合物是一类重要的生物标志物,可应用于人体致癌物暴露监测、癌症风险评价和人群易感性研究。DNA加合物作为生物标志物的应用需要安全、灵敏、快速的先进分析技术。我们利用免疫毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光分析,发展了高灵敏的DNA加合物分析方法和技术。本文主要介绍了相关的仪器研制及方法学研究。方法学研究涉及DNA加合物荧光探针的合成和表征、抗体与DNA加合物的相互作用及其结合计量学、抗原-抗体复合物的稳定化和DNA驱动电泳聚焦技术。     

高效毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光技术在荧光标记DNA分析中的研究进展

激光诱导荧光检测器是目前最灵敏的检测器之一,已广泛用于毛细管电泳DNA分析中.该文对毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光技术在DNA分析中3种主要的DNA荧光标记方式:荧光基团共价标记、PCR后标记、内插荧光染料标记进行了综述,并对其发展前景进行了展望.引用了78篇文献.     

毛细管电泳—激光诱导荧光法分离检测DNA片段与基因扩增产物

以羟丙甲基纤维素和非交联聚丙烯酰胺溶液为筛分介质，将毛细管电泳－激光诱导荧光法用于ＤＮＡ片段及基因扩增产物的分离检测。探讨了非胶筛分介质中高分子化合物的浓度、电解质的浓度、内插试剂用量等对ＤＮＡ片段分析检测的影响；考察了ＤＮＡ片段迁移时间和峰面积的重现性及ＤＮＡ片段定量检测的关系，建立了一种快速、灵敏的ＤＮＡ片段及基因扩增物分离检测方法。     

样品稀释对毛细管电泳分离检测DNA片段的影响

通过理论推导和实验验证表明;适当稀释DNA样品溶液,采用流体力学进样或电动进样都不会较大地减低峰高,而DNA片段毛细管电泳的分离效率和分离度还能有所提高。采用稀释样品的方法可提高DNA样品的使用效率。采用羟乙基纤维素无胶筛分介质分离了DNA片段。用激光诱导荧光（氩离子激光器,488nm）电荷耦合器件检测。用低浓度的筛分介质（0．4％）分离了分子质量较大的ADNA－HindⅢ全部8个片段（12bp～23130bP）。用高浓度的筛分介质（1．6％）分离分子质量较小的pBR322－HaeⅢ22个片段（18bp～587bp）。     

毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光法分离检测DNA片段及基因扩增产物

以羟丙甲基纤维素和非交联聚丙烯酰胺浴液为筛分介质,将毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光法用于DNA片段及基因扩增产物的分离检测。探讨了非胶筛分介质中高分子化合物的浓度、电解质的浓度、内插试剂用量等对DNA片段分离检测的影响;考察了DNA片段迁移时间和峰面积的重现性及DNA片段定量检测的关系。建立了一种快速、灵敏的DNA片段及基因扩增产物分离检测方法。     

增强型电荷耦合器件用于毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光的检测

增强型电荷耦合器件用于毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光的检测马明生，吴晓军，刘国诠（中国科学院化学研究所，北京，１０００８０）关键词增强型电荷耦合器件，激光诱导荧光，毛细管电泳，异硫氰酸荧光黄近年来，毛细管电泳技术在生化分离、分析中得到广泛的应用。目前，毛细管...     

利用激光喇曼装置进行毛细管电泳—激光诱导荧光实验

细管电泳（ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｏｒｅｓｉｓ，ＣＥ）是一种高效、快速的新型分析方法，尤其适合于肽、蛋白质及核苷酸等生理活性大分子的分离。ＣＥ通常以内径小于１００μｍ弹性石英管为分离通道，受光程和进样量的限制，常用的紫外吸收检测无法满足低浓度物质检测的需求...     

顺序注射-液芯波导H-通道芯片联用系统DNA片段的毛细管电泳分离激光诱导荧光检测

毛细管电泳微流控芯片分离-激光诱导荧光(LIF)检测DNA片段是近年来微流控分析系统中研究得较为成功的领域,该方向的研究成果极大地促进了微流控分析系统的发展.在相关的报道中,待分析样品和系统运行溶液仍然主要使用手工操作.     

痕量糖-8-氨基芘-1,3,6-三磺酸衍生物的毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光分析

以芘为原料经磺化、氨化合成了８－氨基芘－１,３,６－三磺酸钠盐（ＡＰＴＳ）,建立了相应的纯化方法,考察了多种条件对还原单糖衍生效率的影响,研究单糖及葡聚糖水解寡糖－ＡＰＴＳ衍生物的毛细管电泳－激光诱导荧光分离与检测,单糖的检测限在ａｍｏｌ（１０＾－１８）水平。     

Detection of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts in Placental DNA Samples by Room-Temperature Solid-Matrix Phosphorescence

Abstract

This is the first attempt for the direct detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-DNA adducts in human placental DNA samples by solid-matrix phosphorescence (SMP). Six samples were investigated, and SMP emission spectra and the corresponding second derivative SMP spectra were obtained for all the samples. Numerous excitation and emission wavelengths were studied for detecting PAH-DNA adducts. Second derivative SMP spectra indicated the presence of PAH-DNA adducts, whereas the longer SMP emission region proved fruitful for detecting adducts in the placental DNA samples. The SMP results for the samples strongly implied that a variety of PAH-DNA adducts could be present.     

苯醌-DNA加合物的毛细管电泳方法研究

采用毛细管电泳相互作用分析法建立了一种直接评价污染物毒性的新方法。分别将毛细管区带电泳、胶柬电动力色谱与配体分离法结合,对苯醌和小牛胸腺DNA混合温育后的体系进行相互作用研究。研究发现,苯醌对小牛胸腺DNA能产生相互作用并形成DNA加合物,获得了苯醌对小牛胸腺DNA有损伤作用的判断。由于苯醌是苯在体内的代谢终产物,因此认为苯醌对DNA的损伤是苯致癌的途径之一。     

毛细管电泳激光诱导荧光用于DNA定量的研究

通常用于DNA定量的主要方法有聚合物酶链反应(PCR)、紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法等.PCR测定DNA的灵敏度较高,但操作繁琐费时,而且对序列依赖性较强[1].紫外吸收光谱法可直接用于DNA的测定,但它的灵敏度较低且较容易受到DNA样品中的单链核苷酸和其它杂质的干扰.荧光光谱法不但有较高的灵敏度,而且对DNA的选择性也较好.目前已建立了许多荧光测定DNA的方法,这些测定方法一般都是基于DNA对荧光探针的荧光增强的原理而实现的.通常采用荧光光谱仪、荧光测读分析仪、流式细胞仪等测定荧光标记的DNA的荧光信号,但这些仪器均存在样品消耗量较大、仪器价格昂贵、分析时间较长、不易自动化等缺陷.毛细管电泳仪已经成为许多分析实验室中常用的DNA分离检测工具,将其应用于DNA的定量检测有望克服上述仪器的一些缺陷.Landers等以YO-PRO-1和PicoGreen为DNA标记试剂, 在毛细管电泳仪上对DNA含量进行了较好的分析[2].     

Quantification of Carbohydrates and Related Materials Using Sodium Ion Adducts Produced by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization

The utility of sodium ion adducts produced by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization for the quantification of analytes with multiple oxygen atoms was evaluated. Uses of homogeneous solid samples and temperature control allowed the acquisition of reproducible spectra. The method resulted in a direct proportionality between the ion abundance ratio I([A?+?Na]⁺)/I([M?+?Na]⁺) and the analyte concentration, which could be used as a calibration curve. This was demonstrated for carbohydrates, glycans, and polyether diols with dynamic range exceeding three orders of magnitude.

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液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测乙醛-DNA加合物

本文建立了一种同时检测DNA样品中Ethylidene-dG和Propano-dG含量的液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)方法,方法的精密度较好(RSD6%),检出限分别为0.010ng/mL和0.005ng/mL,回收率在97.2%~101.6%之间。同时,以体外小牛胸腺DNA为模型,选取不同乙醛暴露剂量(0、0.001、0.01、0.05、0.1、0.5和1.0mmol/L)和不同的暴露时间(0、2、4、10、12、20和24h),结果显示在体外Propano-dG加合物的生成需有氨基酸作为催化剂,且小牛胸腺DNA中乙醛-DNA加合物的含量随着染毒剂量和染毒时间的增加而升高,存在剂量-效应和时间-效应关系。     

DNA Quantification in Nanoliter Volumes

A novel method for the determination of proteins at nanogram levels was proposed based on the decrease of resonance light scattering (RLS) signal resulting from the interaction of dibromo-o-nitrophenylfluorone (DBONPF)-sodium lauroyl glutamate (SLG) with proteins. At pH 2.97, the decrease RLS intensity was proportional to the concentration of proteins in the range of nanogram levels with 3σ detection limits being 3.4 ng mL⁻¹ for bovine serum albumin (BSA), 1.7 ng mL⁻¹ for human serum albumin (HSA), 4.1 ng mL⁻¹ for γ-globulin (γ-IgG), 4.4 ng mL⁻¹ for egg albumin, 6.2 ng mL⁻¹ for pepsin (Pep) and 3.7 ng mL⁻¹ for α-chymotrypsin (Chy). The method is no protein-to-protein variability, simple, rapid, practical and relatively free from interference from coexisting substance, as well as much more sensitive than most of the reported methods. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine total protein in human serum samples.     

Quantification of DNA in forensic samples

Quantification of DNA in a forensic sample is of major importance for proper DNA amplification and STR profiling. Several methods have been developed to quantify DNA, from basic UV spectrometry, through gel-based techniques, to dye staining, blotting techniques, and, very recently, DNA amplification methods (polymerase chain reaction, PCR). Early techniques simply measured total DNA, but newer techniques can specifically measure human DNA while excluding non-human DNA (foodstuff, animal, or bacterial contamination). These newer assays can be faster and less expensive than traditional methods, making them ideal for the busy forensic laboratory. This paper reviews classic and newer quantification techniques and presents methods recently developed by the authors on the basis of PCR of Alu sequences.     

Quantification of Intracellular Thiols by HPLC-Fluorescence Detection

Biothiols, such as cysteine and glutathione, play important roles in various intracellular reactions represented by the redox equilibrium against oxidative stress. In this study, a method for intracellular thiol quantification using HPLC-fluorescence detection was developed. Thiols were derivatized with a thiol-specific fluorescence derivatization reagent, viz. ammonium 7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F), followed by reversed-phase separation on an InertSustain AQ-C18 column. Six different SBD-thiols (homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, γ-glutamylcysteine, glutathione, and N-acetylcysteine as an internal standard) were separated within 30 min using a citric buffer (pH 3.0)/MeOH mobile phase. The calibration curves of all the SBD-thiols had strong linearity (R² > 0.999). Using this developed method, the thiol concentrations of human chronic myelogenous leukemia K562 cell samples were found to be 5.5–153 pmol/1 × 10⁶ cells. The time-dependent effect of a thiol scavenger, viz. N-ethyl maleimide, on intracellular thiol concentrations was also quantified. This method is useful for elucidating the role of intracellular sulfur metabolism.