(−)‐3,7‐Dioxo‐5β‐cholanic acid: dual hydrogen‐bonding modes in a diketonic bile‐acid derivative

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₂₄H₃₆O₄, contains three mol­ecules, all differing in their side‐chain conformations and all linked by hydrogen bonding confined entirely within a three‐mol­ecule block. One connection is of the acid‐to‐ketone type [O⋯O = 2.7055 (19) Å and O—H⋯O = 180°] and the other involves carboxyl pairing [O⋯O = 2.6485 (18) and 2.6598 (18) Å, and O—H⋯O = 168 and 174°]. Numerous inter­molecular C—H⋯O close contacts connect neighbouring mol­ecules.     

()‐3‐Ethyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐oxo­cyclo­hexane­carboxyl­ic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a cyclic δ‐keto acid

In the title compound, C₁₀H₁₆O₃, the two mol­ecules of the asymmetric unit form acid‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonded chains. The two species differ only very slightly and are related by a pseudo‐center, so that the apparent translational relationship among the units of the hydrogen‐bonded chain is actually a pseudo‐translation, with the mol­ecules alternating in type. Two counterdirectional pairs of chains proceed through each cell [O⋯O = 2.743 (2) and 2.683 (2) Å, and O—H⋯O = 171 (3) and 157 (3)°]. Three intermolecular C—H⋯O close contacts were found, involving all three O atoms of one of the mol­ecules.     

9α‐Fluoro‐16α‐methyl‐3,11‐dioxoandrosta‐1,4‐diene‐17β‐carboxyl­ic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding and acetic acid solvation in a steroidal keto acid related to dexamethasone

The title keto acid crystallizes as a solvate, C₂₁H₂₅FO₄·C₂H₄O₂, with two mol­ecules each of steroid and acetic acid per asymmetric unit. The former are approximately parallel, with opposite end‐to‐end orientation, and form translational carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers [O⋯O = 2.679 (6) and 2.650 (5) Å, and O—H⋯O = 165 and 162°] that involve the 3‐ketone group and follow the a axis. The acetic acid mol­ecules are paired by hydrogen bonding, and neither they nor the F atom nor the 11‐ketone group play any overt role in the hydrogen‐bonding scheme of the steroid. Intermolecular C—H⋯O=C close contacts involving three different neighboring mol­ecules exist to the 11‐ketone group, the steroidal carboxyl group and one of the acetic acid molecules.     

(–)‐2‐(1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8aα‐Decahydro‐4aβ,8α‐dimethyl‐7‐oxo‐2β‐naphthyl)propionic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a bicyclic sesquiterpenoid ζ‐keto acid

In the title compound, C₁₅H₂₄O₃, derived from a naturally occurring sesquiterpenoid, the asymmetric unit consists of two mol­ecules differing by 167.4 (8)° in the rotational conformation of the carboxyl group. Each molecule aggregates separately with its own type as carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers [O⋯O = 2.715 (6) and 2.772 (6) Å, and O—H⋯O = 169 and 168°]. This generates two crystallographically independent single‐strand hydrogen‐bonding helices passing through the cell in the b direction, with opposite end‐to‐end orientations. One intermolecular C—H⋯O=C close contact exists for the carboxyl group of one of the mol­ecules. The structure is isostructural with that of a closely related unsaturated keto acid reported previously.     

2‐Amino‐5‐nitro­thia­zole monoethanol solvate: triply‐interwoven hydrogen‐bonded sheets containing centrosymmetric R(8) and R(38) rings

2‐Amino‐5‐nitro­thia­zole crystallizes from solution in ethanol as a monosolvate, C₃H₃N₃O₂S·C₂H₆O, in which the thia­zole component has a strongly polarized molecular–electronic structure. The thia­zole mol­ecules are linked into centrosymmetric dimers by paired N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds [H⋯N = 2.09 Å, N⋯N = 2.960 (6) Å and N—H⋯N = 169°], and these dimers are linked by the ethanol mol­ecules, via a two‐centred N—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.98 Å, N⋯O = 2.838 (5) Å and N—H⋯O = 164°] and a planar asymmetric three‐centred O—H⋯(O)₂ hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.07 and 2.53 Å, O⋯O = 2.900 (5) and 3.188 (5) Å, O—H⋯O = 169 and 136°, and O⋯H⋯O = 55°], into sheets built from alternating (8) and (38) rings. These sheets are triply interwoven.     

(+)‐Camphor­acetic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a γ‐keto acid

The title compound, (1R)‐4,7,7‐tri­methyl‐3‐oxobi­cyclo­[2.2.1]­heptane‐2‐endo‐acetic acid, C₁₂H₁₈O₃, like its lower homolog, forms carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers (Z′ = 2) [O⋯O = 2.729 (5) and 2.707 (5) Å, and O—H⋯O = 165 and 170°] with screw‐related components. The two mol­ecules of the asymmetric unit differ slightly in conformation and produce two counter‐aligned hydrogen‐bonding chains, both aligned with the b axis. Close intermolecular C—H⋯O=C contacts exist for the ketone group of one mol­ecule and for both the ketone and carboxyl functions in the other.     

π‐Stacked hydrogen‐bonded dimers in 2‐(2‐nitro­phenyl­amino­carbonyl)­benzoic acid,and hydrogen‐bonded sheets in orthorhombic and monoclinic polymorphs of 2‐(4‐nitro­phenyl­amino­carbonyl)­benzoic acid

Molecules of 2‐(2‐nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)benzoic acid, C₁₄H₁₀N₂O₅, are linked into centrosymmetric R(8) dimers by a single O—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.78 Å, O⋯O = 2.623 (2) Å and O—H⋯O = 178°] and these dimers are linked into sheets by a single aromatic π–π stacking interaction. The isomeric compound 2‐(4‐nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)benzoic acid crystallizes in two polymorphic forms. In the orthorhombic form (space group P2₁2₁2₁ with Z′ = 1, crystallized from ethanol), the mol­ecules are linked into sheets of R(22) rings by a combination of one N—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.96 Å, N⋯O = 2.833 (3) Å and N—H⋯O = 171°] and one O—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.78 Å, O⋯O = 2.614 (3) Å and O—H⋯O = 173°]. In the monoclinic form (space group P2₁/n with Z′ = 2, crystallized from acetone), the mol­ecules are linked by a combination of two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.09 and 2.16 Å, N⋯O = 2.873 (4) and 2.902 (3) Å, and N—H⋯O = 147 and 141°] and two O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 1.84 and 1.83 Å, O⋯O = 2.664 (3) and 2.666 (3) Å, and O—H⋯O = 166 and 174°] into sheets of some complexity. These sheets are linked into a three‐dimensional framework by a single C—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.45 Å, C⋯O = 3.355 (4) Å and C—­H⋯O = 160°].     

Three N2‐benzoyl­oxybenz­amidines: sheet structures built from hard and soft hydrogen bonds and aromatic π–π stacking interactions

Molecules of the title compounds N²‐(benzoyl­oxy)­benz­ami­dine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₂, (I), N²‐(2‐hydroxy­benzoyl­oxy)­benz­ami­dine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₃, (II), and N²‐benzoyloxy‐2‐hydroxybenzamidine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₃, (III), all have extended chain conformations, with the aryl groups remote from one another. In (I), the mol­ecules are linked into chains by a single N—H⋯N hydrogen bond [H⋯N = 2.15 Å, N⋯N = 3.029 (2) Å and N—H⋯N = 153°] and these chains are linked into sheets by means of aromatic π–π stacking interactions. There is one intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond in (II), and a combination of one three‐centre N—H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bond [H⋯N = 2.46 Å, H⋯O = 2.31 Å, N⋯N = 3.190 (2) Å, N⋯O = 3.146 (2) Å, N—H⋯N = 138° and N—H⋯O = 154°] and one two‐centre C—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.46 Å, C⋯O = 3.405 (2) Å and C—H⋯O = 173°] links the mol­ecules into sheets. In (III), an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.26 and 2.10 Å, N⋯O = 2.975 (2) and 2.954 (2) Å, and N—H⋯O = 138 and 163°] link the molecules into sheets.     

2′‐(4‐Fluoro­phenyl)‐[1,2,3]­triazolo[4′,5′:16,17]­androst‐5‐en‐3β‐ol methanol hemisolvate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₂₅H₃₀FN₃O·0.5CH₃OH, contains four symmetry‐independent steroid and two methanol mol­ecules. The conformations of the independent steroid mol­ecules are very similar. Intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds create two independent chains, each of which links two of the independent steroid mol­ecules plus one methanol mol­ecule via a co‐operative O—H⋯O—H⋯O—H pattern. Intermolecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯F interactions are also observed.     

(+)‐3‐Oxo‐4‐pregnene‐20β‐carboxyl­ic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a steroidal keto acid

The title keto acid, (+)‐23,24‐dinor‐3‐oxo­chol‐4‐en‐22‐oic acid, C₂₂H₃₂O₃, forms carboxyl‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers [O?O = 2.699 (4) Å and O—H?O = 173°], linking mol­ecules screw‐related in b. The four mol­ecules in the cell form two parallel counter‐directional chains, screw‐related in a. Intermolecular C—H?O=C close contacts to different neighboring mol­ecules were found for the ketone and the acid.     

6‐(2‐Chloro­acetamido)­hexa­noic acid

Crystals of the title compound, C₈H₁₄ClNO₃, belong to the space group Cc and are characterized by an asymmetric unit containing two mol­ecules, both with a twisted conformation. The mol­ecular packing is stabilized by N—H⋯O=C hydrogen bonds between the amide groups of mol­ecules with the same conformation. In addition, hydrogen‐bonded cyclic carboxylic acid dimers are established between mol­ecules with a different conformation. The ClCH₂—CONH bond has a cis conformation in order to favour an intra­molecular Cl⋯HN electrostatic inter­action. Weak intra‐ and inter­molecular CH₂⋯O=C inter­actions are also present.     

Naphthalene‐1,7‐diol

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₁₀H₈O₂, contains two planar symmetry‐independent mol­ecules linked by an O—H⋯O hydrogen bond. In the crystal structure, mol­ecules are linked into infinite chains of rings, formed by a combination of O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, and additionally reinforced by π–π stacking inter­actions. Adjacent chains are connected by weak C—H⋯π inter­actions.     

Chains of edge‐fused hydrogen‐bonded R33(22) rings in 5,3′‐dihydr­oxy‐3,6,7,4′,5′‐penta­methoxy­flavone

The title compound [systematic name: 5‐hydroxy‐2‐(3‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dimethoxy­phenyl)‐3,6,7‐trimethoxy‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one], C₂₀H₂₀O₉, was isolated from the seeds of Cleom viscosa Linn. Two independent mol­ecules (A and B) are present in the asymmetric unit with almost similar conformations. The dihedral angles between the fused chromene ring system and the benzene ring bonded to it in mol­ecules A and B are 4.2 (1) and 12.7 (1)°, respectively. The hydroxy O atoms are involved in intra­molecular hydrogen bonding. The mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O and O—H⋯O inter­actions into chains of edge‐fused R₃³(22) rings. Aromatic π–π and weak C—H⋯π(arene) inter­actions are also observed.     

Ferrocene compounds. XXXIV. 1′‐(tert‐Butoxycarbonylamino)ferrocene‐1‐carboxylic acid

Heteroannularly substituted ferrocene derivatives can act as model systems for various hydrogen‐bonded assemblies of biomol­ecules formed, for instance, by means of O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonding. The crystal structure analysis of 1′‐(tert‐butoxy­carbonyl­amino)­ferrocene‐1‐carbox­ylic acid, [Fe(C₁₀H₁₄NO₂)(C₆H₅O₂)] or (C₅H₄COOH)Fe(C₅­H₄NHCOOC(CH₃)₃, reveals two independent mol­ecules within the asymmetric unit, and these are joined into discrete dimers by two types of intermolecular hydrogen bonds, viz. O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O. The –COOH and –NHCOOR groups are archetypes for dimer formation via two eight‐membered rings. The O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [2.656 (3) and 2.663 (3) Å] form a cyclic carboxylic acid dimer motif. Another eight‐membered ring is formed by N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [2.827 (3) and 2.854 (3) Å] between the N—H group and an O atom of another carbamoyl moiety. The dimers are assembled in a herring‐bone fashion in the bc plane.     

2‐Hydroxy‐3‐(3‐oxobut­yl)naphthalene‐1,4‐dione

The title compound, C₁₄H₁₂O₄, forms crystals which appear monoclinic but are actually twinned triclinic. The asymmetric unit consists of two similar mol­ecules, which differ only in the conformation of the 3‐oxobutyl side chain. The mol­ecular conformation is characterized by an intra­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond between the hydroxy group and the adjacent carbonyl O atom. The crystal structure is stabilized by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connecting the mol­ecules into zigzag chains running along the b axis.     

4‐[(2‐Chloro­phenyl)­diazenyl]‐6‐methoxy‐2‐{[tris­(hydroxy­methyl)­methyl]­amino­methyl­ene}cyclo­hexa‐3,5‐dien‐1(2H)‐one

The structure of the title compound, C₁₈H₂₀ClN₃O₅, displays the characteristic features of azo­benzene derivatives. Intramolecular N—H⋯O, weak intramolecular C—H⋯O, and intermolecular O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O interactions influence the conformation of the mol­ecules and the crystal packing. Intermolecular hydrogen bonds link the mol­ecules into infinite chains, and the title compound adopts the keto–amine tautomeric form. The azo­benzene moiety of the mol­ecule has a trans configuration. The mol­ecule is not planar, and the dihedral angle between the two phenyl rings is 35.6 (2)°.     

Ethyl N‐[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)­phenyl]­carbamate,ethyl N‐[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)‐4‐iodo­phenyl]­carbamate and ethyl N‐[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)‐4‐methyl­phenyl]­carbamate

In ethyl N‐[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)phenyl]carbamate, C₁₁H₁₃NO₄, all of the non‐H atoms lie on a mirror plane in the space group Pnma; the mol­ecules are linked into simple chains by a single C—H⋯O hydrogen bond. The mol­ecules of ethyl N‐[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)‐4‐iodo­phenyl]carbamate, C₁₁H₁₂INO₄, are linked into sheets by a combination of O—H⋯I and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and a dipolar I⋯O contact. Ethyl N‐­[2‐(hydroxy­acetyl)‐4‐methyl­phenyl]carbamate, C₁₂H₁₅NO₄, crystallizes with Z′ = 2 in the space group P; pairs of mol­ecules are weakly linked by an O—H⋯O hydrogen bond and these aggregates are linked into chains by two independent aromatic π–π stacking inter­actions.     

4‐[N,N‐Bis(2‐hydroxy­imino‐2‐phenyl­ethyl)­amino]‐1,5‐di­methyl‐2‐phenyl‐2,3‐di­hydro‐1H‐pyrazol‐3‐one monohydrate

The title compound, C₂₇H₂₇N₅O₃·H₂O, is built up from pyrazolinone, phenyl and aceto­phenone oxime moieties. The 2‐­phenyl substituent is nearly perpendicular to the pyrazo­linone ring, with a dihedral angle of 87.66 (1)°. The aceto­phenone oxime moieties are twisted out of the pyrazolinone‐ring plane by 47.04 (1)°. The mol­ecules in the crystal pack in an antiparallel fashion and are held together by hydrogen‐bonded water mol­ecules and intermolecular O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.     

(±)‐7‐Oxo‐1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7‐octa­hydro­naphthalene‐1‐acetic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding and diastereomeric disorder in a bicyclic unsaturated ɛ‐keto acid

The 68.5:31.5 mixture of diastereoisomers obtained in the synthesis of the title compound, C₁₂H₁₆O₃, yielded sharply melting crystals containing the same ratio of epimers, in a disordered crystallographic arrangement. The disorder resides almost entirely in the carboxy­methyl side chain, but places the two sets of carboxyl O atoms at nearly identical paired spatial positions. Neither component displays significant carboxyl disorder, and the mol­ecules aggregate as hydrogen‐bonded carboxyl‐to‐ketone catemers [O⋯O = 2.673 (4) Å and O—H⋯O = 158°] having glide‐related components, with centro­symmetrically related pairs of chains following axes perpendicular to b. Close intermolecular C—H⋯O contacts exist for both the ketone and the carboxyl group. The energetics of the epimers and of their crystallization mode are discussed.     

1‐Methyl‐1‐phenyl‐3‐[1‐hydroxy­imino‐2‐(succinimido)­ethyl]­cyclo­butane

In the title compound, C₁₇H₂₀N₂O₃, the cyclo­butane ring is puckered, with a dihedral angle of 19.11 (15)°. The 1‐phenyl and 3‐[1‐hydroxy­imino‐2‐(succinimido)­ethyl] groups are in cis positions. The mol­ecules are linked by O—H⋯O and C—H⋯π(benzene) interactions, forming a two‐dimensional network.