一种以三聚氯氰为桥基的新型小分子功能活性染料的合成

以对氨基苯甲酸甲酯和水合肼为原料,经酰胺化反应制得对氨基苯甲酸甲酰胺,进一步与水杨醛通过还原氨化反应生成席夫(1）;以罗丹明B和水合肼为原料,1经闭环反应制得罗丹明B酰肼（2）; 2在四氢呋喃溶剂中与三聚氯氰经缩合取代反应生成一缩产物（3）; 3进一步在四氢呋喃中与1于45~50 ℃回流6 h,经取代反应生成二缩产物,其结构经¹H NMR, MS, IR和元素分析表征。     

新型对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃1,3-二酮衍生物的合成

以对叔丁基苯酚为起始原料,经聚合反应得对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃(2);2经醚化和缩合反应合成了一个新型的对叔丁基杯[4]芳烃1,3-二酮衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS表征。     

新型5＇-脱氧核苷衍生物的合成

以1,2,3-O-三乙酰基-5-脱氧核糖和6-氯嘌呤为主要原料,经Silyl反应制得6-氯-9-(2,3-二-O-乙酰基-5-脱氧-β-D-呋喃核糖)嘌呤(1);1经水解或与亲核试剂经取代和水解反应合成了5个未见文献报道的6-取代-5’-脱氧核苷衍生物,其结构经1H NMR和MS表征。     

吡啶基三唑功能化罗丹明化合物的合成

以2-溴甲基吡啶氢溴酸盐和叠氮化钠为原料,合成中间体2-叠氮甲基吡啶（1）;对羟基苯甲醛和溴丙炔经取代反应合成中间体4-（丙-2-炔基丙氧基）苯甲醛（2）; 2与1经点击反应制得关键中间体BPT（3）; 3与罗丹明B酰肼经还原胺化反应得罗丹明类荧光探针,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和元素分析表征。     

金丝桃素的合成工艺改进

以大黄素为原料,经还原,Aldol缩合和光照反应合成了金丝桃素,总收率58.6%,其结构经1H NMR, IR和MS表征.     

富马酸奈拉西坦的合成工艺改进

报道了一种合成富马酸奈拉西坦(7)的新工艺。以衣康酸二甲酯和苄胺为起始原料,经Michael加成和分子内环合反应制得1-苄基-5-氧代吡咯烷-3-羧酸甲酯(3); 3经NaBH₄还原得1-苄基-4-羟甲基-吡咯烷-2-酮(4); 4经甲磺酰化反应得1-苄基-5-氧代吡咯烷-3-羧酸甲磺酸酯(5); 5经氨解得奈拉西坦(6); 6与富马酸经成盐反应合成7,总收率78.4%,其结构经¹H NMR确证。     

三苯胺亚胺类化合物的合成

以三苯胺为起始原料,经硝化、还原和胺醛缩合反应合成了4个三苯胺亚胺类化合物,其结构经1H NMR和IR确证。     

1,8-二甲氧基乙基萘的合成

以1,8-二萘酸酐为原料,经氢化铝锂还原得1,8-二羟甲基萘(2);2经浓盐酸酸化生成1,8-二氯甲基萘(3);3经氢化铝锂还原为1,8-二甲基萘(4);用强碱丁基锂和叔丁醇钾将4转化成二钾盐后与甲氧基氯甲烷反应合成了1,8-二甲氧基乙基萘,其结构经1H NMR和13C NMR和HR-MS表征.     

一锅法合成缩氨硫脲类化合物

香草醛和肼基二硫代甲酸甲酯经一锅法合成了两个新的缩氨硫脲类化合物,其结构经UV, 1H NMR, IR和元素分析表征.     

合成双醋瑞因的新方法

以芦荟素为原料,经脱苷、氧化反应得到大黄酸(4);4经三氟甲磺酸锌催化的乙酰化反应合成了双醋瑞因,总收率86.2%,其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS确证。     

Preparation and properties of polyurethane networks based on α,ω-difunctional poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide)

Poly(hexafluoropropylene oxide), poly(HFPO), networks were prepared from functional polymers by end linking via urethane groups. The prepolymers were characterized by NMR spectroscopy and GPC. The networks were characterized by determination of the number of network chains from the shear modulus, and were snown to contain both trifunctional crosslinks and difunctional links. The properties of the networks were investigated by a range of techniques. Compared with fully-fluorinated networks formed via triazine cross-links, investigated previously, the urethane-linked networks were more readily prepared but were poorer elastomers, were less thermally stable, and were less resistant to swelling by common polar solvents. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

系列甘露糖醛酸寡糖的制备与鉴定

用酸降解法制备了系列甘露糖醛酸寡糖(聚合度2～8),并分析测定了寡糖的结构. 褐藻胶经部分酸水解,于pH=2.85处分级获得聚甘露糖醛酸. 继续用酸降解法降解聚甘露糖醛酸,经凝胶柱层析分离纯化,获得系列甘露糖醛酸寡糖. 用荧光标记糖电泳(FACE)对寡糖进行了分析,并用电喷雾离子化质谱(ESI-MS)、 核磁共振波谱(NMR)及红外光谱(FTIR)进行了结构表征. 本研究用酸降解法制备饱和甘露糖醛酸寡糖,用凝胶柱层析法分离获得系列聚合度的寡糖,为褐藻胶大分子构效关系研究和药物的筛选与发现提供了重要的基础资料.     

分子三维投影法在苯酚类化合物构效关系研究中的应用

对苯酚类化合物进行三维投影得到了5个形状参数,将其与3个Am指数及8个量子化学参数相结合.由最佳变量子集回归法对变量进行了压缩与选择,运用多元回归分析和人工神经网络法分别构造了预测数学模型,得到了满意的结果.     

CO2加氢合成二甲醚的催化剂的制备

先采用均匀沉淀法制备出CuO—ZnO催化剂,然后以CuO—ZnO催化剂作为晶核采用水热合成法制备出CuO—ZnO／HZSM-5（氢型ZSM-5分子筛）复合催化剂．利用X射线衍射和氨程序升温脱附手段对复合催化剂进行表征,并应用于CO2催化加氢合成二甲醚的反应．研究结果表明,在相同的反应条件下,这种CuO—ZnO／HZSM-5复合催化剂与采用物理混合法制备出的复合催化剂相比具有更好的催化效果,不但提高了CO2的转化率、二甲醚的选择性以及二甲醚和甲醇的总选择性,同时还改善了催化剂的稳定性．     

苯丙烯类葡萄糖氧苷的合成及其抗缺氧活性

以取代苯甲醛(1a~1t)为原料,通过Knoevenagel缩合、酯化和LiAlH₄还原等反应制得苯丙烯醇衍生物(3a~3t);以取代肉桂醛(1u~1x)为原料,经NaBH₄还原制得苯丙烯醇衍生物(3u~3x); 3a~3x与全乙酰化溴代葡萄糖经Koenigs-Knorr偶联反应及MeONa/MeOH体系脱除乙酰保护基反应,合成了24个苯丙烯类葡萄糖氧苷(5a~5x),其中5c,5f ~ 5x为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR和ESI-MS表征。采用MTT法测定了5对缺氧损伤的内皮细胞(EA.hy926)的抗缺氧活性。实验结果表明： 5b, 5e, 5g, 5p, 5q, 5s, 5t和5y对EA.hy926的抗缺氧活性均高于经景天苷。     

污泥中常规生物指标的检测

介绍了污泥中三种常规生物检测指标,即细菌总数、粪大肠菌群和蛔虫卵的检测方法。污泥中细菌总数的检测采用平皿计数法,先将污泥样品稀释后选取2~3个适宜的稀释度进行培养;污泥中粪大肠菌群的检测采用多管发酵法,分别将稀释后的污泥混悬液接种于乳糖蛋白胨培养基和EC培养液中进行初发酵和复发酵实验;污泥中蛔虫卵的检测采用漂浮法,利用饱和硝酸钠溶液的比重大于蛔虫卵的原理,通过分离、离心、洗涤等步骤将样品中的蛔虫卵集中于载物玻片上镜检计数。文章对污水处理厂检测及排放污泥有一定的指导意义。     

Two Energetic Ionic Salts of en·PA·H2O and en·TNR: Preparation,Structural Characterization,and Properties

Energetic salts of en · PA · H₂O and en · TNR were synthesized by using ethylenediamine and picric acid (PA) or 2,4,6‐trinitroresorcinol (TNR) as raw materials, and their structures were characterized by elemental analysis and FT‐IR spectroscopy. Single crystals of the title salts were obtained and their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The thermal decomposition behaviors were investigated by DSC and TG‐DTG technologies, furthermore the non‐isothermal kinetic parameters and enthalpies of formation for the salts were calculated. Their combustion heats were measured by oxygen bomb calorimetry and their enthalpies of formation were also calculated based on the combustion heat data. In addition, the detonation pressure (P) and detonation velocities (D) of the salts were predicted by using the K‐J equations. The results indicated that the title salts have potential applications in the field of energetic materials.     

Fermented Oyster Extract Attenuated Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Decreasing Oxidative Stress

It is well known that oxidative stress induces muscle atrophy, which decreases with the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. Fermented oyster extracts (FO), rich in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and lactate, have shown antioxidative effects. We evaluated whether FO decreased oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2/HO-1 and whether it decreased NF-κB, leading to decreased IL-6 and TNF-α. Decreased oxidative stress led to the downregulation of Cbl-b ubiquitin ligase, which increased IGF-1 and decreased FoxO3, atrogin1, and Murf1, and eventually decreased muscle atrophy in dexamethasone (Dexa)-induced muscle atrophy animal model. For four weeks, mice were orally administered with FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate, and then Dexa was subcutaneously injected for ten days. During Dexa injection period, FO, GABA, lactate, or GABA+Lactate were also administered, and grip strength test and muscle harvesting were performed on the day of the last Dexa injection. We compared the attenuation effect of FO with GABA, lactate, and GABA+lactate treatment. Nrf2 and HO-1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; SOD activity and glutathione levels were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; NADPH oxidase activity was increased by Dexa but decreased by FO; NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α activities were increased by Dexa were decreased by FO; Cbl-b expression was increased by Dexa but restored by FO; IGF-1 expression was decreased by Dexa but increased by FO; FoxO3, Atrogin-1, and MuRF1 expressions were increased by Dexa but decreased by FO. The gastrocnemius thickness and weight were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. The cross-sectional area of muscle fiber and grip strength were decreased by Dexa but increased by FO. In conclusion, FO decreased Dexa-induced oxidative stress through the upregulation of Nrf2/HO-1. Decreased oxidative stress led to decreased Cbl-b, FoxO3, atrogin1, and MuRF1, which attenuated muscle atrophy.     

含羧甲磺酰基水暂溶性分散染料的研究──几个中间体及染料的合成

用氯磺化法或硫醚氧化法结合成出８个中间体，并以其作为重氮组分，合成出１０个新的含羧甲磺酰基水暂溶性分散染料。     

有机溶剂热生长技术制备硫族化合物及其光学特性的研究

以有机溶剂热生长技术(solvothermaltechnique)制备了半导体硫族化合物(CdS、ZnS、MoS₂)等纳米颗粒,采用XRD、TEM等技术对其结构进行表征.以ITO导电玻璃以及导电聚合物(PANI、PPY)膜为基底,将纳米颗粒涂布其上并以PL法研究其光学特性,实验结果表明:经修饰后,材料的荧光发射位置发生显著的变化.