Effects of metal and “magnetic wall” on the dispersion characteristic of magnetostatic waves

The dispersion relation of magnetostatic waves tangentially magnetized to saturation ferrite film, with a “magnetic wall” condition (tangential component of microwave magnetic field is equal to zero) on one of the film surface and with a metal condition on the opposite surface is analyzed. The dispersion characteristics show that unidirectional magnetostatic waves appear in this structure: they can transfer energy in one direction only and fundamentally cannot transfer energy in the opposite direction. The dispersion-free propagation of magnetostatic waves also is possible in the structure in a wide frequency interval.     

Bulk and surface magnetostatic modes in superlattices

General dispersion equations for the magnetostatic modes in infinite and semi-infinite superlattices are derived by the transfer matrix method for the case of superlattices with an elementary unit consisting of N (N arbitrary) ferromagnetic layers. The films are assumed to be magnetized parallel to the film surfaces and parallel to an external magnetic field. Explicit forms of the dispersion equations, together with exemplary dispersion curves of surface modes and bands of bulk waves, are given in the case of N = 2.     

Influence of cubic anisotropy on the temperature characteristics of magnetostatic waves in ferrite films magnetized in the film plane

Expressions for the temperature coefficients of frequency for magnetostatic waves in tangentially magnetized ferrite films having cubic anisotropy are obtained and analyzed. It is shown that in cases where the cubic axis lies in the plane of the film, temperature-induced changes in both the magnitude and direction of the external field can be used for thermostabilization of the frequencies. The problem of two-frequency thermostabilization is considered. The results of experimental investigations of the temperature characteristics of magnetization waves in a tangentially magnetized film of yttrium iron garnet with a {100} surface are presented. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 99–103 (October 1998)     

Collinear light scattering on dipole-exchange spin waves in inhomogeneous ferromagnetic films

A theory is developed for the collinear TE-TM scattering of optical waveguide modes on dipoleexchange spin waves in perpendicularly magnetized ferromagnetic films that are inhomogeneous across their thickness. It is found in homogeneous ferromagnetic films and in films with small deviations from homogeneity that the TE-TM scattering on higher spinwave modes is strongest when the synchronism conditions for the transverse phases and for the longitudinal and transverse wave vectors are satisfied. When the thickness of the planar optical waveguide does not match the thickness of the ferromagnetic film, the phase synchronism condition is violated with the resultant appearance of an oscillating type of dependence of the TE-TM scattering on the spin-wave mode number. The scattering of light on spin-wave modes in films with a magnetization gradient is investigated in the presence of turning points for the magnetostatic potential. It is found that the existence of a turning point in the region of the antinode for the optical modes leads to an increase in the scattering amplitude. The formation of inhomogeneous magnetooptical structures and superlattices based on (Lu,Y,Bi)₃(Fe,Ga)₅O₁₂ is discussed. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 78–84 (June 1998)     

Magnetostatic volume waves in exchange-coupled ferrite films

The influence of exchange coupling of layers on the propagation of magnetostatic dipole volume waves in normally and tangentially magnetized two-layer epitaxial ferrite structures is investigated. It is shown that the indicated influence is manifested in the form of dynamic spin pinning effects on the interlayer boundary and formation of a common dipole-exchange wave spectrum for the entire structure. In this case, at the synchronism frequencies of the dipole and exchange waves the losses of the dipole waves grow and anomalous segments appear in the dispersion. In films magnetized in the “hard” direction relative to the axis of normal uniaxial surface anisotropy the magnetostatic dipole volume waves can interact resonantly with the surface spin waves supported by the boundaries with pinned spins. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 97–110 (July 1998)     

Dipole-exchange spin wave spectrum in an anisotropic ferromagnetic waveguide with a rectangular cross section

A theory has been constructed that strictly describes the spectrum of dipole-exchange spin waves in an arbitrarily magnetized anisotropic ferrite waveguide with a rectangular cross section. The theory takes into account the spatial inhomogeneity of the internal magnetic field in the waveguide cross section. The influence of parameters of the ferrite waveguide on the distribution of the internal magnetic field in the waveguide cross section is analyzed. The dispersion characteristics of two waveguide types most widely used in practice are investigated. The dipole-exchange spin wave spectra calculated for a transversely magnetized waveguide are presented and the distributions of the dynamic magnetization in the waveguide cross section for several types of volume and localized spin-wave modes are constructed.     

Theory of magnetostatic waves in a ferrite film with transition layers

A dispersion relation is derived for magnetostatic waves in a ferrite film with inhomogeneous layers near the interfaces. It is shown that the transition layers can be taken into account using a single integrated parameter, namely, the effective film thickness. It is established that the layered structure of the film causes an extra wave damping. The relations obtained can be used to analyze the dispersion and damping of the main modes of magnetostatic waves.     

Hysteresis of the characteristics of magnetostatic waves in ferrite films with stripe domains whose magnetization vectors are oriented close to the plane of the film

The propagation of zero-exchange spin waves (magnetostatic waves) is investigated in yttrium iron garnet films having a regular stripe domain structure with almost in-plane orientation of the domain magnetization vectors. The characteristics of the waves are studied for magnetizations of the film parallel and perpendicular to projections of the [111] crystallographic axes onto the plane of the film. It is established, in contrast with films having the domain magnetization vectors oriented close to the normal to the plane of the film, that both the propagation of magnetostatic waves and the variation of the parameters of the domain structure exhibit a distinctly pronounced hysteretic character as the magnetizing field is varied. The hysteresis of the amplitude-frequency response, equiphase, and dispersion curves of the magnetostatic waves is investigated. The authors examine how the hysteresis of these parameters is related to the hysteresis of the domain structure. The spectrum of magnetostatic waves is found to have an interval of wavelengths (wave numbers) that are not excited in the unsaturated film when the applied field is close to the saturation value, and this phenomenon as well exhibits hysteresis. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 114, 1430–1450 (October 1998)     

Propagation of magnetostatic waves in a ferrite plus high-T c superconductor structure in the presence of transport current in the superconductor

A thin-film structure consisting of a ferrite and a high-T _c superconductor was used to investigate the effct of the transport current in the superconductor on the amplitude-frequency characteristic and dispersion of surface magnetostatic waves (MSWs) in a ferrite film. It was found that the nature of energy transfer between the MSWs and the superconducting film undergoes a significant change as the transport current is varied. In particular, in one of the current ranges, energy can be transferred both from the MSWs to the superconductor and back again, whereas in another range it can only be efficently transferred to the superconductor. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 39, 2195–2202 (December 1997)     

Spatial–frequency selection of magnetostatic waves in a two-dimensional magnonic crystal lattice

Features of the propagation of magnetostatic waves in a tangentially magnetized magnonic crystal structure based on iron–yttrium garnet with a two-dimensional array of grooves on the surface are studied. Numerical simulation is performed by the finite element method and the dispersion characteristics and the spatial distribution of fields of eigenmodes of surface magnetostatic waves propagating in this structure are calculated. The characteristics of waves in the magnonic crystal structure are experimentally studied by means of Brillouin scattering. It is shown that the formation of waveguide channels is possible when the frequency of the input signal is close to the frequency of the band gap of the structure.     

Experimental investigation of the wave profile excited by a narrow transducer in a dielectric–ferrite–dielectric structure

The results from an experimental study of the diffraction profiles of magnetostatic backward volume waves (MSBVW) excited by a finite linear transducer placed on the surface of tangentially magnetized ferrite film in a dielectric–ferrite–dielectric structure are presented. Theoretical calculations and experimental data are compared.     

Transmission properties of asymmetric slab waveguides with left-handed materials

A new dielectric slab waveguide with a left-handed material (LHM) cover and substrate is proposed. The dispersion relations and normalized effective thickness of the asymmetric LHM slab waveguide are investigated, in view of the normalized parameters. A number of unusual properties are found, for example, the fundamental and first-order modes do not exist and higher-order modes have double degeneracy. The propagation modes are absent at the low normalized frequency, and the cutoff frequencies of some LHM slab waveguide modes decrease with increase in the asymmetry measure. Unlike traditional slab waveguides, the V –H curves of the LHM slab waveguides are in one-to-one correspondence. Both TE and TM modes are discussed; in addition, the dispersion relations and normalized effective thicknesses of the TM modes are discussed in detail, when the difference in refractive indices of the film and the substrate is small. The results show that the region of mode coexistence taking place near the cutoff frequency becomes narrower with increase in the difference in refractive indices of the film and the substrate. The influence of this difference on the normalized effective thickness curves is different, and becomes smaller and smaller with increase in the value of the asymmetry measure, if different values of the refractive indices are employed.     

Electromagnetic oscillations in a rectangular waveguide with a transversely magnetized ferrite plate

The complex propagation constant in a rectangular waveguide with a transversely magnetized ferrite plate has been found by a numerical calculation. The magnetic properties of the ferrite medium are described by the standard permeability tensor for a polycrystalline ferrite, having real and imaginary parts. The solutions are given as curves on the complex propagation-constant plane. The parameter is the relative magnetizing field, which varies over a wide range including a ferromagnetic resonance. From the family of curves obtained for various relative magnetizations and damping parameters, one can quantitatively evaluate the relation between the types of oscillations. This relation depends on the position of the ferrite plate in the waveguide and on the dielectric constant of the ferrite as well as on the magnetization and damping constant.Translated from Izvestiya VUZ. Fizika, No. 4, pp. 74–81, April, 1970.     

The propagation of magnetostatic surface waves in ferrite/superconductor structures

An electrodynamic model that describes the dispersion of magnetostatic surface waves in ferrite/superconductor structures is suggested. On its basis, a new approach to determining the microwave sheet resistance R _S of superconducting films in a magnetic field is elaborated. The values calculated (R _S =0.20–0.96 mΩ) agree with results obtained by the Tauber method. For YIG/YBCO structures, the controllable phase shift is about 1.5π when the depth of magnetostatic wave penetration into the YBCO film varies from 2.0 to 0.8 μm.     

An effective method for improving diffraction performance of magnetostatic backward volume wave-based magneto-optic Bragg cells by using an appropriately tilted bias magnetic field in YIG film plane

The universal magneto-optic (MO) coupled-mode equations for magnetostatic waves (MSWs) and guided optical waves (GOWs) under arbitrarily tilted bias magnetic fields are presented for the first time and, as an example, applied to the noncollinear Stokes interaction between the incident TE₀-mode light and magnetostatic backward volume wave (MSBVW) excited by single-element microstrip line transducer in yttrium–iron–garnet (YIG) film. Our calculation indicates that, for the case of magnetization parallel to the MSBVW propagation direction, the diffraction efficiency (DE) is equal to the mode-conversion efficiency of the diffracted lights (MCDE) and the calculated curve of relative DE for the MSBVW-based MO Bragg cell in pure YIG waveguide is in good agreement with the experimental data. In contrast, the diffraction performance can be greatly improved by optimizing the bias magnetic field and the DE gain can be increased by 6.3 dB in the tangentially magnetized film. The angular dependences of the DE and the corresponding Bragg angle upon the magnetization direction are also discussed in the paper.     

Parametric interaction of magnetostatic waves with a nonstationary local pump

A solution is obtained for the general problem of the nonstationary interaction of backward volume magnetostatic waves in films of yttrium-iron garnet with local parametric pumping. In the case of a large pump region, l≫λ, where λ is the wavelength of the backward volume magnetostatic waves, the problem reduces to a system of truncated equations for two packets of counter propagating waves. In the opposite case, l<λ, the exact problem of parametric interactions of the eigenmodes of a ferrite film (both counterpropagating and in the same direction) is solved numerically. Both cases are studied experimentally and good qualitative and quantitative agreement is obtained with the theory. For the first time, the reversal of a wave front and the time reversal of the shape of backward volume magnetostatic wave pulses are observed and a change in the propagation time for the peak of the signal pulse and a reduction in its width owing to pumping are recorded. Two operating regimes are identified for a nonstationary parametric backward volume magnetostatic wave amplifier with local pumping, which differ in the ratio of the duration of the pump pulse to the transit time for the wave through the local pump region, and the effect of the parametric excitation of two-dimensional spin waves on the interaction of backward volume magnetostatic waves with a local nonstationary parametric pump is determined. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 116, 2192–2211 (December 1999)     

On the Modified Resonance Theory of Waveguide Circulator with Various Ferrite Specimens

A modified resonance theory of waveguide circulator with ferrite specimen is presented. The kernal of this theory is a two-step analysis method of an H-plane Y-junction waveguide circulator. For the first step, the ferrite specimens of Y-junction waveguide circulators are treated as if it were dielectric resonators with no magnetic bias. This simplistic approach is used to design the ferrite specimens of the circulators. Simple formulas are developed for determining the center frequency of the circulators. For the second step, wave circulation is made possible when a pair of degenerate resonance modes experiences different changes when the ferrite specimens are being magnetized. A modified analysis of joint resonance theory and simple field theory is advanced to evaluate the performances of the circulators. Good agreements between the analytically obtained performance and experimental result of various MMW waveguide circulators are observed.     

The effect of parametrically excited spin waves on the dispersion and damping of magnetostatic surface waves in ferrite films

This paper describes an experimental study of variations of the dispersion and damping of magnetostatic surface waves in ferrite films, caused by three-and four-magnon interactions with parametric spin waves excited by an auxiliary surface magnetostatic pump wave with frequency f _p. The variations in the dispersion and damping were identified, respectively, with variations Δk″ in the real part and Δk′ in the imaginary part of the wave number of the surface magnetostatic wave. The Δk″ and Δk′ values were determined from the ratio of the changes of the phase increment Δφ and the amplitude increment ΔA of the surface magnetostatic wave to the length L of the nonequilibrium section of the film, where the parametric spin waves exist. It is found that, when three-magnon decay processes are allowed for the pump wave and the surface magnetostatic probe wave, the probe wave can substantially alter the distribution of the parametric spin waves in the film. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 115, 318–332 (January 1999)     

Dispersion of magnetostatic surface waves in ferrite-htsc structures near the phase transition

We present a detailed study of the dispersion properties of surface magnetostatic waves in layered structures of ferrite and high temperature superconductor (HTSC) layers. We solve the propagation problem for the surface magnetostatic waves under a quasistatic approximation, and obtain the dispersion relation. We present an analysis of this dispersion near the phase transition temperature in the HTSC layer. The calculations show that when the HTSC material transforms to the superconducting state the dispersion properties of the magnetostatic waves changes suddenly: the damping decreases by 4–10 dB and the phase velocity increases by a factor of 2–4. These results support experiments which have been performed, in which surface magnetostatic waves have been studied in a YIG film with gallium impurities and a YBaCuO film on a lithium niobate substrate.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 50–55, March, 1995.     

Propagation of magnetostatic backward surface waves in ferrite-insulator-metal structures magnetized by linearly nonuniform magnetic fields

A theoretical study is made of the trajectories and of the changes in magnitude and direction of the wave vectors of magnetostatic backward surface waves with different frequencies propagating in ferrite-insulator-metal structures with different insulating layer thicknesses and magnetized by a linearly nonuniform static field. It is shown that both forward and backward magnetostatic surface waves (MSSWs) propagate in a waveguide channel, on one side of which MSSWs undergo mirror reflection and on the other side of which their propagation direction is rotated, independently of the thickness of the insulator in the structure. It is shown that when MSSWs propagate in a nonuniform field, the forward wave is converted into a backward wave and, under certain conditions, the backward wave is converted into a forward wave. Some features of the propagation characteristics of magnetostatic backward surface waves are determined. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 69, 70–77 (February 1999)