Numerical analysis of high Q-factor photonic-crystal VCSELs with plane-wave admittance method

The paper presents the application of a novel plane-wave admittance method (PWAM) to the three-dimensional and fully vectorial modeling of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with incorporated photonic crystal. The basic mathematical details of the method are given and its convergence is verified for a sample structure. Then the simulations performed with PWAM are used to determine the optimal photonic crystal parameters for low-loss, high-Q-factor regime.     

Molten salts near a charged surface: integral equation approximation for a model of KCl

A study has been made of the electrical ‘double layer’ structure of molten salts, in particular a model of molten potassium chloride, using an integral equation approximation. This is in contrast to most statistical mechanical treatments of the double layer, which have concentrated on aqueous elecrolyte solutions. The results are compared with the output of computer simulations. In addition to the structural information contained in the density profiles, the calculations yielded charge profiles, the mean electrostatic potential and the double layer capacitance.     

电磁屏蔽用低频比小型化双频带频率选择表面

为满足敏感电子设备对频段密集相邻干扰信号的屏蔽需求,提出了一种低频比双频段带阻频率选择表面（FSS）结构。该结构由介质层和印刷在其两侧并谐振在不同频率的金属导带层构成。通过对两侧金属导带的互补型设计,削弱了两个谐振点间的耦合影响,使该FSS结构具有两个可以独立调节且紧密相邻的阻带,呈现出低频比特点。仿真结果表明,此结构可以实现低至1.16的谐振频率比。基于弯折结构的小型化设计使该FSS的单元尺寸仅为0.071λ,确保所提结构在TE和TM两种极化电磁波照射下,电磁屏蔽效能大于24 dB的入射角度稳定性高达60°。制作了实物并进行测试,实测结果与仿真结果吻合良好,验证了FSS结构设计的可靠性。     

低频响及低采样频率下用布朗运动分析法测量光阱刚度

布朗运动法测量光阱刚度因其简便易行而成为光镊系统参数测量的一种常用的方法，但是由于在低频响或低采样频率时测量结果误差很大，所以主要用在频响及采样频率较高的情况下.将在功率谱分析及实验的基础上，讨论如何在低频响及低采样频率下，用布朗运动法测量光阱刚度. 关键词： 布朗运动 光阱刚度 光镊 功率谱     

墙截面优化声学小房间低频响应的鲁棒性分析

改进了通过优化墙截面形状改善声学小房间低频响应的优化方法,实现了墙面阶梯形状宽度和深度同时优化。在60- 120 Hz频段对优化后房间频响随声源位置的鲁棒性进行了分析,并与未优化的房间比较。结果表明:对一个5×4.65×2.68 m³的小房间优化后,210个不同位置点声源所激励房间声场的频响标准偏差(SRD)平均值从未优化房间的9.66 dB下降为6.17 dB,频响最大偏离值(MD)平均值从未优化房间的41.27 dB下降为17.42 dB;SRD和MD值的标准差分别比未优化房间下降了44.8%和63.9%。证明了墙截面优化不仅能够使房间频响变好,而且小房间内频响对于声源位置的敏感程度也随着墙截面形状的优化而降低。通过运用优化的墙截面改善房间低频响应鲁棒性是有意义的。     

Study of solid electrolyte polarization by a complex admittance method

The polarization behavior of zirconia-yttria solid electrolyte specimens with platinum electrodes has been studied over a temperature range of 400° to 800°C and a wide range of oxygen partial pressures. The complex admittance of these specimens was determined over a frequency range from d.c. to 100kHz. An analysis of these data in the complex admittance plane indicated the presence of three polarizations: (1) an electrode polarization characterized by a double layer capacity and an effective resistance for the overall electrode reaction, O₂(gas) + 2e(platinum) O²⁻ (electrolyte); (2) a capacitive-resistive electrolyte polarization, probably corresponding to a partial blocking of oxygen ions at the electrolyte grain boundaries by an impurity phase there; and (3) a pure ohmic electrolyte polarization.     

Numerical models for the study of the nonlinear frequency mixing in two and three-dimensional resonant cavities filled with a bubbly liquid

The objective of this work is to develop versatile numerical models to study the nonlinear distortion of ultrasounds and the generation of low-ultrasonic frequency signals by nonlinear frequency mixing in two and three-dimensional resonators filled with bubbly liquids. The interaction of the acoustic field and the bubble vibrations is modeled through a coupled differential system formed by the multi-dimensional wave equation and a Rayleigh-Plesset equation. The numerical models we develop are based on multi-dimensional finite-volume techniques and a time discretization carried out by finite differences. Numerical experiments are performed for complex modes in many different cavities considering different kinds of boundary conditions and taking advantage of the dispersive character of the bubbly fluid to match specific resonances of the cavities. Results show the distribution of fundamental and harmonics for single frequency excitation and difference-frequency component for two-frequency excitation that are promoted by the strong nonlinearity of the bubbly medium. The numerous simulations analyzed suggest that the new numerical models developed and proposed in this paper are useful to understand the behavior of ultrasounds in bubbly liquids for sonochemical processes and applications of nonlinear frequency mixing.     

Calculation of external circuit impedances of mm-wave oscillator cavities by a rigorous field analysis method

This paper presents a generalized field analysis method for calculating the external circuit impedances looking outside from the active devices of some millimeter wave oscillators. For a simple oscillator model with a radial disc and a diode existing in a rectangular waveguide, the numerical results are in agreement with the experimental data. Impedance characteristics for several different oscillator configurations are given, and some useful conclusions for oscillator design are derived.     

Investigation of interfacial states in MIS structures by a single-frequency admittance method

Two models of tunneling charge exchange on interfacial states buried in the insulator are examined. In one model the spatial distribution of these states is assumed to be uniform and in the other model the volume density of traps decreases exponentially with increasing depth. Analytical expressions are obtained for the width and position of the peak in the normalizedconductance curves in both models, and the accuracy and limitations of these expressions are indicated. A new procedure for investigating interfacial states by the admittance method is proposed, based on the use of G-V characteristics of metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structures measured at a fixed frequency. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 55–59 (October 1997)     

软地层随钻测井仪器偏心情况下低频四极子源 激发波场的数值分析*

为了探索测井仪器偏心对随钻低频四极子波场的影响,利用有限元法(多物理场耦合有限元软件包)对软地层井孔中随钻仪器偏心情况下低频四极子声源激发的波场进行了数值模拟。通过对随钻四极子测井波形的分析可知,当采用低频随钻四极子偏心声源激发时,测井波列中除传播速度与低速地层横波速度相当的地层四极子波模式外,还存在一个幅度非常低、传播速度略高于井孔流体中声速的模式波,该模式被对应钻铤弯曲波模式,且该模式波的幅度随着随钻四极子源偏离井孔中心距离的增大呈二次方规律增大,地层四极子模式波幅度呈三次方规律增加。     

Eigenmode analysis of arbitrarily shaped two-dimensional cavities by the method of point-matching

In the proposed method, as in the boundary element method (BEM), a field problem is solved on its boundary along which nodes are distributed. The distinct feature of the proposed method is related to the fact that no interpolation functions between the nodes are required, so that the basic collocation method is employed to satisfy a given boundary condition. This approach reduces a large amount of numerical calculation induced due to the interpolation functions. Unlike the method of auxiliary sources (MAS), in the proposed method only the regular functions that have finite functional values everywhere including the origins are employed as basis functions. As a result, the proposed method does not need the auxiliary surface, the construction of which is a troublesome work because its form, dimension, shifting, etc. strongly influence the accuracy of the MAS. The eigenvalues calculated by the proposed method rapidly converge to the exact values thanks to the simplicity of the method. Moreover, the method gives mode shapes successfully without using the interpolation functions between the nodes. The efficiency and accuracy of the method are verified through several applications.     

Perspectives for surface structure analysis with low energy electron diffraction

The two main methods for surface structure determination, X-ray diffraction and low energy electron diffraction, are briefly compared and two areas are discussed where the application and further development of LEED seems promising. One field is the measurement of thermal vibration with LEED and the second is the analysis of substrate induced distortions in adsorbed organic molecules. As a test case for the analysis of thermal vibrations the results of a temperature dependent LEED I(V) analysis of Cu(1 1 0) is presented showing that LEED is sensitive enough to measure anisotropic vibration amplitudes. As example for organic molecules the results of a LEED I(V) analysis of thiouracil on Ag(1 1 1) are presented and compared to the results of a previous X-ray study. The differences in the structural details can be related to the different diffraction geometries of surface X-ray diffraction and LEED.     

疏水表面减阻的格子Boltzmann方法数值模拟

采用格子Boltzmann方法的多松弛模型和Shan-Chen多相流模型对雷诺数为100的疏水表面方柱绕流进行了数值模拟, 分析了疏水表面接触角和来流含气率对方柱绕流流场的影响. 研究结果表明: 疏水表面接触角一定时, 来流含气率在一定范围内, 疏水表面具有减阻的能力, 超出这一范围时会出现阻力系数、升力系数升高的现象, 同时在方柱近壁面处伴随涡的形成产生了气团脱落; 当来流含气率处于适当水平时, 接触角越大, 绕流物体近壁面处含气率越稳定, 减阻效果越明显. 分析发现疏水表面减阻的关键在于保证近壁面处气层的稳定性, 此时接触角越大, 减阻效果越明显. 本文从含气率角度出发分析疏水表面的减阻现象, 为进一步探索疏水表面减阻机理提出了新的思路.     

Wave optical analysis of integral method for three-dimensional images

We analyze by wave optics an integral method that produces three-dimensional (3D) images. The point light source is given at the pickup stage, and the light wave passing through each elemental lens is obtained at the display stage. The amplitude distributions of the waves from each elemental image are the same around a specific point where a 3D image is formed. Since the light waves approaching the image plane from different elemental lenses are incoherent, the synthesized value is the sum of the squared amplitudes of the waves. Therefore the modulation transfer function of this integral method is given by that of a single elemental lens.     

Boundary integral equation method for analysis of light scattering by 2D nanoparticles

The scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave by 2D nanoparticles is simulated using the boundary integral equation method. The accuracy and smoothness of the solution are improved by applying Hermitean interpolants for discretization. The accuracy of the numerical approach used in this paper is comparable to the Mie classical solution for scattering by a circular cylinder. It is shown that laser radiation incident on silver nanoparticles generates plasma resonances, giving rise to peak values of the extinction cross section and considerably enhancing the local electromagnetic field on the surface.     

A new method for true and spurious eigensolutions of arbitrary cavities using the combined Helmholtz exterior integral equation formulation method

Integral equation methods have been widely used to solve interior eigenproblems and exterior acoustic problems (radiation and scattering). It was recently found that the real-part boundary element method (BEM) for the interior problem results in spurious eigensolutions if the singular (UT) or the hypersingular (LM) equation is used alone. The real-part BEM results in spurious solutions for interior problems in a similar way that the singular integral equation (UT method) results in fictitious solutions for the exterior problem. To solve this problem, a Combined Helmholtz Exterior integral Equation Formulation method (CHEEF) is proposed. Based on the CHEEF method, the spurious solutions can be filtered out if additional constraints from the exterior points are chosen carefully. Finally, two examples for the eigensolutions of circular and rectangular cavities are considered. The optimum numbers and proper positions for selecting the points in the exterior domain are analytically studied. Also, numerical experiments were designed to verify the analytical results. It is worth pointing out that the nodal line of radiation mode of a circle can be rotated due to symmetry, while the nodal line of the rectangular is on a fixed position.