不同品种的金银花及金银花的不同部位中绿原酸含量的比较研究

金银花是一种常用的中药材,其中绿原酸是其重要的有效成分,并被作为金银花药材及其制剂的质量控制指标之一[1-2].但不同品种的金银花其绿原酸含量都不相同,而且金银花不同部位绿原酸含量也不相同,为了更好地开发和利用金银花资源,本文以宁夏种植的5种不同品质的金银花为研究对象,采用超声提取HPLC检测的方法对不同品种的金银花及金银花不同部位中绿原酸的含量进行了比较研究,为金银花资源的合理利用提供理论依据.     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Anti-Diabetic Therapeutic Activity of New Vanadyl(II) Complexes with Orotic Acid and Different Amino Acids Mixed Ligands

Russian Journal of General Chemistry - Mixed ligand vanadyl(II) complexes of orotic acid and six different amino acids (isoleucine, threonine, proline, phenylalanine, lysine, and glutamine) have...     

Analysis of Volatile Compounds from Different Parts of Houttuynia cordata Thunb.

Houttuynia cordata Thunb. is a medicinal and edible plant that has been commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times. This study used headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and direct injection, combined with gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), to identify the volatile compounds in H. cordata. Extraction from different parts of the plant using different extraction techniques for the identification of volatile compounds were determined. A total of 93 volatile components were analyzed in the leaves, stems, rhizomes, and whole plant samples of H. cordata. The leaves contained more (Z)-3-hexenal, β-myrcene, (Z)-β-ocimene, and (4E,6E)-allo-ocimene; the stems contained more geranyl acetate and nerolidol; and rhizomes contained more α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, 2-undecanone, and decanoyl acetaldehyde. Among them, the essential oil extracted by HS-SPME could produce more monoterpenes, while direct injection could obtain higher contents of aliphatic ketones, terpene esters, sesquiterpenes, and was more conducive to the extraction of 2-undecanone and decanoyl acetaldehyde.     

Quantitative Comparison of the Marker Compounds in Different Medicinal Parts of Morus alba L. Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detector with Chemometric Analysis

It is thought that the therapeutic efficacy of Morus alba L. is determined by its biological compounds. We investigated the chemical differences in the medicinal parts of M. alba by analyzing a total of 57 samples (15 root barks, 11 twigs, 12 fruits, and 19 leaves). Twelve marker compounds, including seven flavonoids, two stilbenoids, two phenolic acids, and a coumarin, were quantitatively analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector and chemometric analyses (principal component and heatmap analysis). The results demonstrated that the levels and compositions of the marker compounds varied in each medicinal part. The leaves contained higher levels of six compounds, the root barks contained higher levels of four compounds, and the twigs contained higher levels of two compounds. The results of chemometric analysis showed clustering of the samples according to the medicinal part, with the marker compounds strongly associated with each part: mulberroside A, taxifolin, kuwanon G, and morusin for the root barks; 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and oxyresveratrol for the twigs and skimmin; chlorogenic acid, rutin, isoquercitrin, astragalin, and quercitrin for the leaves. Our approach plays a fundamental role in the quality evaluation and further understanding of biological actions of herbal medicines derived from various medicinal plant parts.     

Application of a New Dehydroascorbic Acid Reducing Agent in the Analysis of Vitamin C Content in Food

The analysis of total vitamin C content in food is most frequently performed by reducing dehydroascorbic acid to ascorbic acid, which is then assayed with the technique of high-performance liquid chromatography combined with spectrophotometric detection. Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine is currently the only agent in use that efficiently reduces dehydroascorbic acid at pH < 2. Therefore, there is a continued need to search for new reducing agents that will display a high reactivity and stability in acidic solutions. The objective of the study was to verify the applicability of unithiol and tris(hydroxypropyl)phosphine for a reducing dehydroascorbic acid in an extraction medium with pH < 2. The conducted validation of the newly developed method of determining the total content of vitamin C using tris(hydroxypropyl)phosphine indicates its applicability for food analysis. The method allows obtaining equivalent results compared to the method based on the use of tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine. The low efficiency of dehydroascorbic acid reduction with the use of unithiol does not allow its application as a new reducing agent in vitamin C analysis.     

Comparative Assessment of Phytoconstituents,Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Analysis of Different Parts of Milk Thistle Silybum marianum L.

Silybum marianum L. is a therapeutic plant belonging to the family Asteraceae, which has exhibited silymarin, a principal component used to cure various physiochemical disorders. The study appraised the phytochemical analysis, antioxidant activity and chemical analysis of an extract from the seed, stem and leaves. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis was evaluated by the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method and aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. While the antioxidant activity was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and acetate buffer in ferric chloride (FRAP) assay, respectively, the chemical profile was evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) assay. The study outcomes identified that alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids and catcholic tannins were present in seed, stem and leaves extracts except for saponins and Gallic tannins. Whereas, phenols were absent only in seed extract. Quantitative analysis revealed the presence of phenols and flavonoids in appreciable amounts of 21.79 (GAE/g), 129.66 (QE/g) and 17.29 (GAE/g), 114.29 (QE/g) from the leaves and stem extract, respectively. Similarly, all extracts expressed reasonable DPPH inhibition (IC₅₀) and FRAP reducing power such as 75.98, 72.39 and 63.21% and 46.60, 51.40 and 41.30 mmol/g from the seeds, stem and leaves extract, respectively. Additionally, chemical analysis revealed the existence of 6, 8 and 9 chemical compounds from the seeds, stem and leaves extract, respectively, corresponding to 99.95, 99.96 and 98.89% of the whole extract. The chemical compound, Dibutyl phthalate was reported from all extracts while, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester and Silane, (1,1-dimethylethyl), dimethyl (phenylmethoxy) were reported only from the seed and leaves extract. Moreover, Methyl stearate was also a major compound reported from all extracts except for seed extract. It is demonstrable that extracts from different parts of S. marianum possess significant antioxidant activity, as well as valuable chemical compounds accountable for therapeutic effects that might be incorporated as an alternative to synthetic chemical agents.     

A New,Convenient Method for Determination of Mangiferin,an Anti-Diabetic Compound,in Mangifera indica L.

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A simple, precise, and rapid HPTLC method has been established for quantitative determination of the bioactive marker compound...     

Quantitative Analysis of Homeopathic Mother Tincture of Boerhaavia diffusa Linn,by HPTLC Employing the Therapeutically Active Marker “Punarnavoside”

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC -     

Qualitative and Quantitative Studies on Impurities in Schizonepetin, a Novel Antiviral Agent, Using HPLC, NMR and MS

Schizonepetin is a new naturally occurring monoterpene with antiviral activity. Three unknown related impurities were observed in analysis of schizonepetin bulk drug. A semi-preparative liquid chromatography was used for isolation of the three impurities. Three impurities were characterized as (?)-mintlactone (Impurity I), (R)-(+)-pulegone (Impurity II) and (+)-menthofuran (Impurity III) by a variety of spectral data (IR, UV, MS, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, DEPT and 2D-NMR). The simultaneous quantitative determination of schizonepetin and its impurities (Imp-I, II and III) was performed by reversed-phase HPLC method with UV detection at 220 nm. The method shows good precision, sensitivity, linearity (between 0.025 and 1.0 mg mL^?1) and robustness.     

Development and Validation of an HPTLC Method for the Analysis of Oleanolic Acid from the Roots of Helicteres isora Linn.

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A sensitive and reliable high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been developed for the quantitative...     

Comparative Analysis of Chemical Constituents in Different Parts of Lotus by UPLC and QToF-MS

Six parts of lotus (seeds, leaves, plumule, stamens, receptacles and rhizome nodes) are herbal medicines that are listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Their indications and functions have been confirmed by a long history of clinical practice. To fully understand the material basis of clinical applications, UPLC-QToF-MS combined with the UNIFI platform and multivariate statistical analysis was used in this study. As a result, a total of 171 compounds were detected and characterized from the six parts, and 23 robust biomarkers were discovered. The method can be used as a standard protocol for the direct identification and prediction of the six parts of lotus. Meanwhile, these discoveries are valuable for improving the quality control method of herbal medicines. Most importantly, this was the first time that alkaloids were detected in the stamen, and terpenoids were detected in the cored seed. The stamen is a noteworthy part because it contains the greatest diversity of flavonoids and terpenoids, but research on the stamen is rather limited.     

聚丙烯中抗氧剂和成核剂同时定性定量分析及实际工艺添加量的确定

采用HPLC-UV法对聚丙烯(PP)中抗氧剂1010和168以及成核剂NA11三种添加剂同时进行快速定性、定量分析.通过对现有的索氏提取器进行改进,提高了萃取效率;通过优化洗脱条件,确保了三个色谱峰的完全分离,三种添加剂标准曲线相关系数分别为0.9979,0.9975和0.9975.建立了上述三种添加剂在PP中剩余量测试值与实际工艺添加量的关系曲线,并用这些关系曲线结合对剩余添加剂的定量分析结果确定某种PP产品中这三种添加剂的实际工艺添加量.研究结果表明:上述关系曲线的相关系数(r)均大于0.95,采用本文方法确定的某种PP产品中抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂168和成核剂NA11的工艺添加量与实际工艺添加量之间的相对误差分别为-5.46%,-3.00%和-4.27%.     

Indole-3-Acetic Acid Biosynthesis in Fusarium delphinoides Strain GPK, a Causal Agent of Wilt in Chickpea

Fusarium delphinoides (Ascomycota; Nectriaceae) is an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing plant pathogen and a causal agent of wilt in chickpea. The IAA biosynthetic pathway in F. delphinoides strain GPK (FDG) was examined by analyzing metabolic intermediates and by feeding experiments. Gas chromatograph (GC) analysis of FDG culture filtrates showed the presence of metabolic intermediates of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA), indole-3-acetamide (IAM), and tryptamine (TRA) pathways. The different IAA biosynthetic pathways were further confirmed by identifying the presence of different enzymes of these pathways. Substrate specificity study of aromatic amino acid aminotransferase revealed that the enzyme is highly specific for tryptophan (Trp) and α-ketoglutarate (α-kg) as amino group donor and acceptor, respectively. Furthermore, the concentration-dependent effect of exogenous IAA on fungal growth was established. Low concentration of exogenous IAA increases the fungal growth and at high concentration it decreases the growth of FDG.     

Forsskamide,a new ceramide from aerial parts of Forsskaolea tenacissima Linn.

Although the various folk medicine uses and the biological activity of Forsskaolea tenacissima L., few chemical constituents of this plant have been reported, this provoked us to make our study. Forsskamide, a new ceramide was isolated from aerial parts of F. tenacissima L. (Urticaceae). The chemical structure was established by different spectroscopic methods (¹H, ¹³C-NMR, HMBC, HSQC, ROESY, FAB-MS and HR-FAB-MS). Forsskamide showed a moderate cytotoxic activity by (MTT) method against human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HCT-116) with IC₅₀ 33.25 μM in comparison with 5-fluorouracil IC₅₀ 26.42 μM. While, it did not show any activity against human hepatocarcinaoma cell line (HepG-2).     

Components Essential Oils in Different Parts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm

The components of the essential oils obtained from different parts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm were analyzed. The percentages of the essential oils extracted are 0. 27% (mL/100 g material) for the flowers, 0. 07% for the stems and leaves and 0. 01% for the roots. Fifty-four, Sixty-six and Thirty-three compounds were, respectively,separated and identified from the flowers, the stems and leaves and the roots, among which unsaturated alkene compounds are thirty-nine, thirty-nine and twenty-one, respectively, accounting in turn for up to 90. 21%, 90. 49% and 72. 65% of the total essential oils. Because alkene compounds have double bonds that are easily oxidized, it can be inferred that the components of the essential oils in the different parts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm should show an activity of the anti-formation of free radicals to some extent.     

植酸在络合滴定铜时作为掩蔽剂的研究

研究了植酸在络合滴定铜时的掩蔽性能。发现在ｐＨ５．５或ｐＨ４．５以５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＴ为指示剂,用ＥＤＴＡ滴定Ｃｕ＾２＋时,可以用植酸掩蔽Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ａｌ＾３＋,Ｓｎ＾４＋、Ｔｉ＾４＋、Ｔｈ＾４＋、Ｌａ＾３＋和Ｃｅ＾３＋。本法已用于测定锡青铜,磷青铜和铝青铜中的铜。     

不同年份老香黄定量分析及其化学模式识别研究

建立了一种联合化学标志物定量分析和化学模式识别技术快速判别不同年份老香黄的方法,并筛选其差异性化学标志物.采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)建立了对21种与老香黄相关的化学标志物及其内标物山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷的检测方法,该方法的线性关系良好,灵敏度高,专属性强,可用于对不同年份老香黄的区别分析.根...     

高效液相法定量分析戊二酸、戊二酸单甲酯和戊二酸二甲酯混合物

己二酸生产过程中产生大量的混和二元酸副产物,其中戊二酸含量最高.在分离混合二元酸纯化戊二酸的工艺中,酯化分离水解法是其中一种常用的工艺方法.水解反应体系中,除了主产物戊二酸之外,还有戊二酸单甲酯和戊二酸二甲酯两种主要杂质,通过高效液相色谱法,建立了一种便捷快速,可以同时准确定量戊二酸、戊二酸单甲酯和戊二酸二甲酯含量的分析方法,采用Sun Fire C_(18)色谱柱(5μm,4.6 mm×150 mm)和乙腈/水/三氟醋酸(体积比为60:40:1)流动相,在柱温40℃和流速0.5 m L/min的条件下,实现了3种物质之间的基线分离.戊二酸、戊二酸单甲酯和戊二酸二甲酯的线性范围分别为6~3 000 mg/L(r=0.998 0)、3~1 500 mg/L(r=0.999 1)及3~1 500 mg/L(r=0.999 4),加标回收率(n=5)分别为105.79%(RSD=1.63%)、96.21%(RSD=7.28%)、93.10%(RSD=11.22%).方法实现了同时测定戊二酸、戊二酸单甲酯和戊二酸二甲酯,为酯化分离水解工艺提供准确可靠的数据支持.     

Components of Essential Oils in Different Parts of Daucus carota L. var. sativa Hoffm

Introduction Carrots,avegetablewithabundantnutrition,are therootsofDaucuscarotaL.var.sativaHoffm[1],whichisanumbelliferaeplant.Carrotsshowanti can cerandanti oxidationactivities.Theycanalsobeused topreventeyediseasesandimproveimmunity[2—11],thefactsareun…     

High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Combined with Densitometry for Quantitative Analysis of Chlorogenic Acid in Fruits of Peucedanum alsaticum L.

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - High-performance thin-layer chromatography with densitometric detection has been used for quantitative analysis of chlorogenic acid...