铝粉快速反应光谱中AlO B^2Σ^＋→X^2Σ^＋发射光谱的研究

在由光学多道分析仪收集的氢氧气体爆轰激励下铝粉快速反应光谱中，观察到ＡｌＯＢ２Σ＋→Ｘ２Σ＋跃迁Δｖ＝０带系的光谱特征与通常铝氧化反应的光谱特征不同。经分析是因为存在一个从４６７ｎｍ开始向长波方增强的连续辐射，它改变了该波长区ＡｌＯ分子的辐射特征。这一连续辐射可能是由铝与水蒸汽发生水合反应生成，而处于不同激发态的多原子分子ＨＡｌＯＨ产生     

BS分子α带系A~2Π→X~2Σ~+及γ带系C~2Π→X~2Σ~+法兰克-康登因子的计算

在双原子分子核运动的薛定谔方程中，计入分子的振转相互作用项，在Ｍｏｒｓｅ势近似下得出的波函数除与振动量子数有关外，还与转动量子数有关。本文用该波函数编程计算了ＢＳ分子α带系Ａ２Π→Ｘ２Σ＋及γ带系Ｃ２Π→Ｘ２Σ＋法兰克－康登（Ｆｒａｎｃｋ－Ｃｏｎｄｏｎ）因子（简称Ｆ－Ｃ因子）。计算中转动量子数的取值由Ｊ＝０至Ｊ＝２００，其结果适用于低温、高温和强激波条件。     

NO分子A2Σ→X2Π双光子激光感生荧光光谱

以Nd∶YAG激光器抽运光学参变振荡器 /光学参变放大器做为激发源 ,得到了NO分子在 2 2 0～ 35 0nm波长范围内的双光子激光诱导荧光光谱 ,并将其归属于A2 Σ(ν′ =0 )→X2 Π(ν″ =1～ 8)跃迁 ,用最小二乘法拟合获得NO分子X2 Π态振动常量″ωe =(190 4 .7± 7.3)cm-1,″ωe ″xe =(14 .2± 1.2 )cm-1,″ωe″ye=- (0 .0 2 18± 0 .0 0 91)cm-1,及平衡位置的力常量k =(1.5 99± 0 .0 12 )× 10 3 N·m-1。计算了所得跃迁谱带的弗兰克康登因子及相对荧光强度 ,结果与实验观测值相符。这可为用激光诱导荧光光谱技术探测大气污染物NO分子提供理论及实验参考     

NaK 22Σ+ → 11Σ+ band optically pumped laser near 1.02 μm

Optically pumped laser emission has been observed on the NaK 2(A)¹⁺ 1(X)¹⁺ electronic state transition. The emission occurs between 1.015 and 1.035 m when a sodium-potassium heat-pipe oven is pumped with 695–745 nm pulsed dye laser radiation. The laser emission occurs on many ro-vibrational transitions without the use of cavity mirrors. However, the addition of a simple cavity increases both the number of observed lasing transitions and the amplitude of the emission on each line. We report our results for the dependence of the emission intensity on pump laser power, oven temperature, and buffer gas pressure.     

碰撞诱导钠分子 A~1Σ_u~ →Χ~1Σ_g~ 的荧光光谱

用532 0nm激光激发Na2分子到B1Πu电子态,记录了Na(3P)原子的跃迁和Na2分子的A1Σ u-Χ1Σ g的谱带。由Na与Na2激发态发射的光谱及其强度可以认定在Na-Na2系统中的碰撞过程,Na(3P)原子线是Na2(B1Πu)到Na(3P)的碰撞能量转移产生的,预解离过程也可产生原子线。而A1Σ u的辐射而引起的。在360℃,u-Χ1Σ g到A1Σ g谱带是由B1Πu到21Σ g的碰撞转移后再由21Σ 根据辐射衰变率和荧光强度,得到Na2(B1Πu)到Na2(21Σ g)碰撞转移率系数为7 1×10-10cm3s-1,而B1Πu的预解离率为2 3×106s-1。     

NaS分子4^2П→3^2Σ^＋跃迁光辐射特性的理论研究

应用“反射方法”计算了ＮａＳ分子４＾２П→３＾２Σ＾＋跃迁几率密度的分布，对其相应跃迁的自发辐射、粒子数反转、受激辐射等问题进行了理论上的探讨。     

碰撞诱导钠分子A1Σ+u→X1Σ+g的荧光光谱

用532.0 nm激光激发Na2分子到B1Πu电子态,记录了Na(3P)原子的跃迁和Na2分子的A1Σ+u-Χ1Σ+g的谱带.由Na与Na2激发态发射的光谱及其强度可以认定在Na-Na2系统中的碰撞过程,Na(3P)原子线是Na2(B1Πu)到Na(3P)的碰撞能量转移产生的,预解离过程也可产生原子线.而A1Σ+u-Χ1Σ+g谱带是由B1Πu到21Σ+g的碰撞转移后再由21Σ+g到A1Σ+u的辐射而引起的.在360℃,根据辐射衰变率和荧光强度,得到Na2(B1Πu)到Na2(21Σ+g)碰撞转移率系数为7.1×10-10 cm3s-1,而B1Πu的预解离率为2.3×106 s-1.     

BF分子A~1Π→X~1Σ~ 带系与b~3Σ~ →a~3Π带系的Franck-Condon因子计算

在双原子分子核运动的波动方程中，计入分子的振转相互作用项，得出的波函数除与振动量子数有关外，还与转动量子数有关．用该波函数编程序计算了ＢＦ分子Ａ１Π→Ｘ１Σ＋带系和ｂ３Σ＋→ａ３Π带系的ＦｒａｎｃｋＣｏｎｄｏｎ因子．计算中转动量子数的取值由Ｊ＝０取至Ｊ＝２００，结果适用于低温、高温和强激波条件．     

Upper limit for the Ξ0→Σ0γ radiative decay

We report here a new measurement of the upper limit for the branching ratio of the radiative weak decay Ξ⁰→Σ⁰γ of < 8.0×10⁻³ at the 90% confidence level. This is more than an order of magnitude less than previous limits and consistent with rates from similar decays.     

S_2(B~3Σ_u~-→X~3Σ_g~-(ν′≥18,0))弥散谱带的自旋-轨道从头计算

采用从头计算方法从理论上解释了实验中双原子分子S_2(B~3Σ_u~-→X~3Σ_g~-吸收谱中谱带(18,0)开始出现的弥散现象.计算了包含自旋-轨道耦合(SOC)的B3Σu-和排斥的15Πu,23Σu 态的电子势能曲线.对于(18,0)谱带开始弥散,给出了与其他文献不同的物理解释.计算结果表明B3Σu-与15Πu,23Σu 态的SOC作用导致预解离对谱带的弥散起着决定作用,并与实验结果作了比较,符合很好.     

钾分子2~3Π_g→a~3Σ_u~＋辐射跃迁的荧光寿命测量

本文介绍了用Ｂｏｘｃａｒ测量分子激发态荧光寿命的方法，测量了钾分子２３ΠΣ→ａ３Σｕ＋辐射跃迁的寿命，计算机模拟的结果与实验基本符合。     

Jet emission spectra in the Schumann region: The L2Σ− → A2Πi transition of CN

The emission spectrum of the CN radical in the ultraviolet and Schumann regions from approximately 3500 to 1500 Å has been photographed in higher orders of a 10.6-m concave grating vacuum spectrograph. Of the two sources used to generate the spectra one is a radiofrequency discharge in flowing pure HCN, the other a dc discharge in supersonically expanding Ar seeded with HCN. An extensive system of red-degraded double-headed bands appears in the jet emission spectrum between 2000 and 1500 Å. The bands have a rotational temperature of ∼40 K and arise in transitions from eight vibrational levels of a new ²Σ⁻ electronic state, labeled L²Σ⁻, to the well-known A²Π_i upper state of the CN red system. Vibrational and rotational constants have been determined; the new state has ω_e = 1165.80 and B_e = 1.3337 cm⁻¹. Possible reasons for the lack of emission from v = 2 of L²Σ⁻ are discussed.     

MgH分子X2Σ+,A2Π和B2Σ+电子态的势能函数

利用QCISD(T),SAC-CI方法和cc-pVQZ,aug-cc-pVTZ,6-311 G及6-311 G(3df,2pd)基组,对MgH分子的基态X2Σ ,第一简并激发态A2Π和第二激发态B2Σ 的结构进行优化计算.通过对4个基组计算结果进行比较,得出6-311 G(3df,2pd)基组为最优基组.使用6-311 G(3df,2pd)基组和QCISD(T)方法对基态X2Σ ,SAC-CI方法对激发态A2Π和B2Σ 进行单点能扫描计算,然后采用Murrell-Sorbie函数及修正的Murrell-Sorbie C6函数进行拟合,得到了相应电子态的势能函数参数和对应的光谱常数.计算结果表明,用修正的Murrell-Sorbie C6函数计算得到的MgH分子基态和第一简并激发态的光谱常数ωe,ωexe,Be,αe与实验数据吻合很好.表明修正后的Murrell-Sorbie C6函数能更为准确地描述MgH分子的基态和第一激发态的势能函数.     

碰撞诱导振动能量转移K_2[1~1Σ_u~+(v′=2)]+He,H_2→K2[1~1Σ_u~+(v′=1,3)]+He,H_2

在样品池条件下,利用激光诱导荧光方法研究了K2[11Σ+u(v′=2)]+He,H2→K2[11Σ+u(v′=1,3)]+He,H2的碰撞能量转移。池温保持在420 K,He和H2气压在40~250 Pa之间变化。脉冲激光激发K2基态至11Σ+u(v′=2)态,荧光中含有直接和碰撞转移荧光成分,记录直接11Σ+u(v′=2)→11Σ+g(v″=0)荧光发射的时间分辨强度。在发射开始时v′=2能级的布居未受v′=1,3→v′=2碰撞转移的影响,因此光强为一纯指数曲线,从强度的对数值给出的直线斜率得到有效寿命,由Stern-Volmer方程得到v′=2→v″=0的辐射寿命为(36±7)ns,v′=2与He和H2碰撞的总的转移截面分别为(3.0±0.5)×10-16cm2和(6.4±1.2)×10-15cm2。在不同的He和H2气压下,测量v′=1,2,3→v″=0的时间积分荧光强度,结合11Σ+u(v′=1,3)能量辐射率的测量,得到了v′=2→v′=1和v′=2→v′=3的碰撞转移面分别为(1.4±0.5)×10-16cm2,(1.2±0.4)×10-16cm2(对K2+He)和(3.2±1.0)×10-15cm2,(2.6±0.9)×10-15cm2(对K2+H2)。     

Vibrational and rotational excitation effects of the N(2D) + D2(X1Σg +) → ND(X3Σ+) + D(2S) reaction

The effects of the rovibrational excitation of reactants in the N(²D) + D₂(X¹Σ_g⁺) → ND(X³Σ⁺) + D(²S) reaction are calculated in a collision energy range from the threshold to 1.0 eV using the time-dependent wave packet approach and a second-order split operator. The reaction probability, integral cross-section, differential cross-section and rate constant of the title reaction are calculated. The integral cross-section and rate constant of the initial states v = 0, j = 0, 1, are in good agreement with experimental data available in the literature. The rotational excitation of the D₂ molecule has little effect on reaction probability, integral cross-section and the rate constant, but it increased the sideways and forward scattering signals. The vibrational excitation of the D₂ molecule reduced the threshold and broke up the forward–backward symmetry of the differential cross-section; it also increased the forward scattering signals. This may be because the vibrational excitation of the D₂ molecule reduced the lifetime of the intermediate complex.     

BO分子α带系A~2Π-X~2Σ~ 及β带系B~2Σ~ -X~2Σ~ Franck-Condon因子的计算

在双原子分子核运动的波动方程中，计入分子的振转相互作用项，得出的波函数除与振动量子数有关外，还与转动量子数有关。用该波函数编程计算了ＢＯ分子α带系Ａ２Π－Ｘ２Σ＋及β带系Ｂ２Σ＋－Ｘ２Σ＋的Ｆｒａｎｃｋ－Ｃｏｎｄｏｎ因子。计算中转动量子数的取值由Ｊ＝０取至Ｊ＝２００，结果适用于低温、高温和强激波条件。     

激波管壁AlO自由基B~2Σ~+-X~2Σ~+和C~2Π_r-X~2Σ~+带系辐射光谱的研究

爆轰驱动过程中产生的高温高压气流对铝质膜片、激波管壁产生烧蚀和冲刷作用,以致激波管壁、端盖上附有氧化铝等杂质,而高温下AlO自由基在气体分子的高速碰撞下被激发并产生强烈的辐射,从而干扰了高温气体辐射光谱的分析。用爆轰驱动加热技术将空气加热到4 000~7 000 K,利用多通道光学分析仪对AlO自由基辐射光谱进行分析,实验发现在460~530 nm波长范围内有多支辐射非常强烈的AlO自由基B2Σ+-X2Σ+(T00=20 689 cm-1)带系辐射谱带,且每支谱带都由多个带头组成,带头间隔约为2 nm,带头处于高频位置并向低频方向伸延。通过实验与理论计算相结合,重点分析了AlO自由基B2Σ+-X2Σ+带系辐射光谱的结构特征。AlO自由基C2Πr-X2Σ+(T00=33 047 cm-1)带系辐射光谱处于270~335 nm波长范围内,其辐射强度相对于B2Σ+-X2Σ+带系较弱,并且与OH基A2Σ+-X2Π(T00=32 682 cm-1)带系辐射光谱互相干扰而难以分辨,对该波段高温空气的辐射光谱分析产生不利的影响。