聚多巴胺-还原氧化石墨烯修饰电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

制备了聚多巴胺-还原氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(PDA-rGO/GCE),以此修饰电极作为工作电极,采用循环伏安法(CV)对邻苯二酚(CC)和对苯二酚(HQ)的电化学行为进行了研究。结果表明CC和HQ在该修饰电极上的峰电流与氧化石墨烯修饰电极相比有了明显增高,并且它们的氧化峰电位差和还原峰电位差均超过110 mV,证明该修饰电极用于两种酚的同时检测是可行的。在优化实验条件下,采用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)对CC和HQ同时进行检测,CC和HQ的峰电流与其浓度均在1.0×10~(-6)～4.0×10~(-3) mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)分别为2.0×10~(-7) mol/L和3.6×10~(-7) mol/L。以所制备的修饰电极对自来水水样和湖水水样进行了加标回收检测,回收率在97.6%～100.6%范围内。     

电聚合硫菫膜修饰电极同时测定儿茶酚和氢醌

制备了电聚合硫堇膜修饰的玻碳电极(Thi/GCE),研究了儿茶酚(CC)和氢醌(HQ)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为.在CC和HQ共存体系中,二者在该修饰电极上与裸玻碳电极(GCE)相比,氧化峰电流增大且峰电位分别负移至165、68 mV,二者的氧化峰电位差变大且半峰宽变窄,使得两峰得以有效分离.据此利用差分脉冲伏安法可选...     

聚苯胺-石墨烯修饰玻碳电极同时测定邻苯二酚和对苯二酚

本文制备了聚苯胺-石墨烯修饰玻碳电极,并用循环伏安(CV)法和微分脉冲伏安(DPV)法研究了邻苯二酚(CC)和对苯二酚(HQ)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。实验结果表明,相对于裸玻碳电极,HQ和CC在聚苯胺-石墨烯修饰电极上的氧化峰电流显著提高,氧化峰电位相差104.8mV,实现了CC和HQ的选择性测定。DPV法同时测定二酚时,HQ和CC分别在1.0×10-6~8.0×10-4 mol/L浓度范围内与其峰电流呈良好的线性关系,相关系数R分别为0.998、0.997,检出限(S/N=3)分别为1.0×10-7、8.0×10-8mol/L。将该方法用于模拟水样分析,回收率为95.3%~103.5%。     

银掺杂聚L-酪氨酸修饰电极的制备及对尿酸的测定

利用循环伏安法将银和L-酪氨酸聚合修饰在玻碳电极表面,制成银掺杂聚L-酪氨酸(Ag-PLT/GCE)修饰电极,研究了尿酸在该电极上的电化学行为,建立了循环伏安法测定尿酸的新方法。在pH=3.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为100mV/s时,尿酸在该修饰电极上产生一氧化峰,Epa=0.637V(vs.Ag/AgCl)。用循环伏安法进行测定时,峰电流与尿酸浓度在8.0×10-7～1.0×10-5mol/L和1.0×10-5～1.0×10-4mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为3.0×10-7mol/L。方法用于尿样中尿酸的测定,结果满意。     

电聚合o-ImBPTPPMn(Ⅲ)Cl膜修饰玻碳电极同时测定抗坏血酸和多巴胺

用循环伏安法在强酸性水溶液中制备出氯化5-邻[4-(1-咪唑基)丁氧基]苯基-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉锰聚合膜修饰玻碳电极。该电极具有良好的电化学活性,对抗坏血酸(AA)及多巴胺(DA)有明显的催化作用,而且在同一缓冲溶液中用微分脉冲伏安法扫描二者峰电位差达240mV,此时已达到完全分离。将该电极应用于DA和AA的同时测定,其线性范围分别为2.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol/L和6.5×10-7~2.6×10-5mol/L;检出限分别为1.0μmol/L和0.39μmol/L。二者在微分脉冲伏安法扫描时各有独立的电流响应峰,互不干扰。该电极重现性和稳定性好,在空气中放置3个月以上经处理后电化学活性无下降趋势。     

石墨烯/聚邻苯二胺膜修饰碳糊电极电催化性能的研究

研制了一种新型的石墨烯/聚邻苯二胺膜饰碳糊电极(GR/PPD/CPE)。在NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲溶液(pH 7.3)中,利用循环伏安法研究了对苯二酚(HQ)和邻苯二酚(CC)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,利用线性扫描溶出伏安法研究了扫速与峰电流或峰电位的关系,利用微分脉冲溶出伏安法测定了HQ和CC的含量,线性范围分别为6.5×10-7~5.0×10-4mol/L和1.0×10-7~5.0×10-4mol/L,检出限(S/N=3)分别为8.0×10-8mol/L和2.0×10-7mol/L。方法用于自来水样中的HQ和CC的测定,回收率在96.5%~102.5%之间。     

介孔炭/纳米金修饰玻碳电极的制备及其应用研究

制备了介孔炭/纳米金修饰玻碳电极,并对对苯二酚(HQ)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为进行了研究。与HQ在纯介孔炭材料修饰玻碳电极上的电化学响应相比,HQ在该修饰电极上的氧化峰和还原峰电流均大大增加,表明纳米金与介孔炭复合后对HQ具有良好的催化作用。HQ在该修饰电极上经过富集后,峰电流明显增大。采用循环伏安法对HQ电化学行为进行研究,结果表明,HQ在3.0×10-8~1.0×10-6mol/L和1.0×10-6~1.0×10-4mol/L浓度范围内与峰电流呈良好的线性关系,据此建立了检测HQ的电化学分析方法。该方法的相对标准偏差为0.69%,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10-8mol/L,具有较高的稳定性和灵敏度。     

聚L-半胱氨酸/还原氧化石墨烯/Nafion修饰玻碳电极对芦丁的电化学传感行为研究

本文采用滴涂法制备了还原氧化石墨烯/Nafion溶液修饰玻碳电极(rGO/Nafion/GCE),用电化学聚合法将L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)聚合在rGO/Nafion/GCE表面,得到Poly-L-Cys/rGO/Nafion/GCE。采用伏安法研究了芦丁在该修饰电极上的电化学行为及其影响因素。结果表明,L-Cys的电聚合圈数对修饰电极的电化学性能具有一定的影响。在最优条件下,芦丁的峰电流与其浓度在2.0×10~(-8)~1.0×10~(-5) mol/L内呈现好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为1.0×10~(-8) mol/L。     

聚对氨基苯磺酸/石墨烯复合修饰电极对尿酸的选择性灵敏测定

采用电聚合方法在石墨烯纳米片(GN)的表面聚合一层聚对氨基苯磺酸(PABSA),制备了聚对氨基苯磺酸/石墨烯复合修饰玻碳电极(PABSA/GN/GCE)。研究了尿酸(UA)和抗坏血酸(AA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。与聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰电极(PABSA/GCE)及石墨烯单层膜修饰电极(GN/GCE)相比,复合修饰电极PABSA/GN/GCE显著提高了对UA和AA的检测灵敏度和分离度。在0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH7.0)中,UA和AA的峰电位差达344 mV,表明PABSA/GN/GCE能实现对UA的选择性测定。UA的峰电流与其浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为1.0×10-7～8.0×10-4mol/L,检出限为4.5×10-8mol/L。该复合修饰电极用于尿样中尿酸的测定,结果满意。     

钯掺杂聚精氨酸修饰电极同时测定5-羟基色氨酸和多巴胺

制备了钯掺杂聚L-精氨酸修饰玻碳电极(Pd-PA/GCE),研究了5-羟基色氨酸(5-HTP)和多巴胺(DA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,建立了同时测定5-HTP和DA的电化学新方法。在pH=2.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,扫描速率为160mV/s时,DA在该电极上产生一对氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为0.515V和0.464V;5-HTP在该电极上产生一个氧化峰,峰电位为0.643V,两者的氧化峰电位差达128mV。在最优条件下,同时测定5-HTP和DA的线性范围分别为:9.00×10-7~1.00×10-5 mol/L、1.00×10-5~4.00×10-5 mol/L(5-HTP);7.00×10-7~1.00×10-5 mol/L、1.00×10-5~4.00×10-5 mol/L(DA)。检出限分别为7.0×10-7 mol/L和5.0×10-7 mol/L。方法可用于药剂中5-HTP和DA的测定。     

The NADH Electrochemical Detection Performed at Carbon Nanofibers Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

In this work, the capability of carbon nanofibers to be used for the design of catalytic electrochemical biosensors is demonstrated. The direct electrochemistry of NADH was studied at a glassy carbon electrode modified using carbon nanofibers. A decrease of the oxidation potential of NADH by more than 300 mV is observed in the case of the assembled carbon nanofiber‐glassy carbon electrode comparing with a bare glassy carbon electrode. The carbon nanofiber‐modified electrode exhibited a wide linear response range of 3×10^?5 to 2.1×10^?3 mol L^?1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.997 for the detection of NADH, a high specific sensitivity of 3637.65 (μA/M cm²), a low detection of limit (LOD=3σ) of 11 μM, and a fast response time (3 s). These results have confirmed the fact that the carbon nanofibers represent a promising material to assemble electrochemical sensors and biosensors.     

Carbon nanotube-based fluorescence sensors

The one-dimensional π-conjugated structure endows carbon nanotube (CNT) with large specific surface area and excellent photophysical properties, thus providing a unique platform for the development of chemo- and biosensors based on optical signal output. Although CNT acts as an optical signal transducer, it does not own any intrinsic ability for the selective binding and recognition of analytes. Thus, hybridization of CNTs with functional components that specifically recognize various chemical and biomolecular analytes is often necessary in the preparation of CNT-based sensors. In this review, we summarize preparation and photophysical properties of CNT-based composites, and then highlight on fluorescence sensors based on CNT-composites. These composite sensors integrate the signal transduction property of CNT and the recognition properties of the hybridized functional components. The functional components selectively bind with the target analytes, whereas, CNTs transform the binding events into output signals detectable using spectrofluorometer. Particularly, we highlight on recent progress in the chemical and bimolecular sensors based on near-infrared fluorescence of semiconducting single-walled CNT (SWCNT) and the excellent fluorescence quenching ability of CNTs over conventional organic quenchers.     

Electrochemical Determination of Capsaicin and Silymarin Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified by Gold Nanoparticle Decorated Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes

The goal of this study was to develop a suitable electroanalytical method for the determination of primary compounds in the extracts of capsaicin and silymarin. For this purpose, a glassy carbon electrode immobilized with multiwalled carbon nanotubes decorated with gold nanoparticles was characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy. The developed electrochemical sensor had a linear dynamic range from 0.15 to 35.0 µM. In addition, the limits of quantification for silymarin and capsaicin with the gold nanoparticle decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes were 0.1564 and 0.2761 µg L^?1 with relative standard deviations (n = 3) of 1.65% and 2.09% and equivalent mass percentages of 93.33% and 62.02%, respectively. The methodology may be employed for the determination of capsaicin and silymarin in pharmaceutical and food products.     

碳纳米管在聚丙烯腈中的分散状态

采用原位聚合法合成了不同碳纳米管(CNT)含量的碳纳米管／聚丙烯腈(CNT／PAN)复合材料,并利用X光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外、红外、扫描电镜等对产物进行了表征。结果表明：在原位聚合反应中,碳纳米管与PAN形成化学键合,大量碳纳米管均匀地分布在基体PAN内部,与PAN形成了良好的界面。     

单壁纳米碳管的纯化研究

A purification method to remove the metal catalysts and impurity carbon materials from arc-discharge-grown single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been developed. Microporous membrane and the oxidation in the air for the crude SWCNTs were used to eliminate the coexisting metal catalysts nanoparticles，carbon nanoparticles and amorphous carbon. Then we used the high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) to characterize the crude SWCNTs prepared by arc-discharge method and the purified SWCNTs. The Raman spectra and the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were also utilized to analyze the approach of our purification for SWCNTs. With this method the SWCNTs with the purity more than 95% could be obtained.     

利用无水乙醇分解制备碳纳米管

利用CVD法高温分解无水乙醇,以分子筛（合成皂石）基体上的Fe颗粒为催化剂,制备出了管壁更薄、端部为开口结构的碳纳米管.本实验制备出的碳纳米管,相对于传统CVD方法制备出的碳纳米管,在实验条件控制稳定的情况下,管壁较直、缺陷较少、管内径较大.具有这样结构的碳纳米管在储氢等方面应具备更为优良的效果,从而有着潜在的应用前景.     

基于多孔碳固载离子液体修饰电极的叔丁基对苯二酚的检测研究

制备了多孔碳固载离子液体纳米材料修饰玻碳电极(GCE),用于抗氧化剂叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)的检测研究。不同电极上的交流阻抗结果表明,经过多孔碳固载离子液体修饰后的玻碳电极阻抗显著减小。多孔碳固载离子液体修饰后电极的氧化峰电流为41.93μA,比修饰前增大约5.5倍,说明多孔碳固载离子液体可显著提高电极的导电性,促进电极表面的电子转移,提高检测灵敏度。用时间~电流曲线测得TBHQ的线性范围为1.00~120.00μg/mL,检出限为0.16μg/mL。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定乙炔雌二醇

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极测定乙炔雌二醇;多壁碳纳米管;乙炔雌二醇;化学修饰电极;电化学测定     

碳纳米管的共价修饰

碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes, CNTs)的溶解性和分散性较差是目前制约其广泛应用及在一些有特殊要求的领域(如生物技术)应用的主要原因之一. 对CNTs进行共价修饰是改善其溶解性和分散性的有效方法之一. 目前CNTs的共价修饰主要通过两类反应来实现: 羧基的衍生反应和直接加成反应. 介绍了基于这两种反应的几种共价修饰方法, 比较了各种修饰方法的优缺点及其对CNTs的溶解性和分散性的改善效果.     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation and Determination of Nitrite at Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Carbon Ceramic Electrode

In the present work, the electrochemical oxidation of nitrite on carbon ceramic electrode (CCE) modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was investigated. The modified electrode exhibited catalytic activity toward the electrooxidation of nitrite. Experimental parameters such as solution pH, scan rate, concentration of nitrite and nanotubes amount were studied. It was shown nitrite can be determined by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and hydrodynamic amperometry (HA) using the modified electrode. Under the optimized conditions the calibration plots are linear in the concentration ranges of 15‐220 and 50‐3000 μM with limit of detections of 4.74 and 35.8 μM for DPV and HA, respectively. The modified electrode was successfully applied for analysis of nitrite in spinach sample. The results were favorbly compared to those obtained by UV‐Visible spectrophotometric method. The results of the analysis suggest that the proposed method has promise for the routine determination of nitrite in the examined products.