表面安装测试系统

本文主要介绍了表面安装技术在应用时的功能测试、内电路测试等几种测试技术与测试系统。在具体应用时要根据实际情况，制定全面的测试策略，选择适当的测试系统。     

分子电子器件的电性能测试方法

介绍了用于两端分子电子器件电性能测试的纳米孔技术、交叉线接触技术、导电原子力显微镜技术、扫描隧道显微镜技术、纳米间距电极技术以及机械可控断裂结技术．结合分子器件的电性能测试要求，对各类测试方法进行了分析评价，并简要指出了分子器件电性能测试研究的发展趋势。     

发展中的噪声测试仪器

文章介绍了当前国内外噪声测试仪器的现状，对测试传声器和声级计的发展状况进行了说明，并着重介绍了新兴的声强测量技术和声强测量仪的工作原理．     

微光图像光子计数器像管等效背景测试研究

在论述单通道光子计数技术原理的基础上，提出了微光图像光子计数器像管等效背景的测试原理，方法、装置，实验及结果，对测试结果进行了较为深入的讨论，并提出了进一步降低等效背景的主要技术途径。     

材料力学实验方法研究

本文论述了材料力学中，利用电阻应变测试技术测试材料剪切模量Ｇ值的方法。     

基于虚拟仪器的测控系统平台

一个大的复杂的测试系统往往系统的测量、输入、输出、结果分析分布在不同的地理位置，仅用一台计算机并不能胜任测试任务，需要由分布在不同地理位置的若干计算机共同完成整个测试任务。计算机网络技术、总线技术与数据库技术的发展，乃至Internett网的发展拓展了虚拟仪器测试系统的应用范围。利用网络技术将分散在不同地理位置不同功能的测试设备联系在一起，使昂贵的硬件设备、软件在网络内得以共享，减少了设备重复投资。一台计算机采集的数据可以立即传输到另一台处理分析机上进行处理分析，实现实时采集、实时监测。重要的数据实行多机备份，提高了系统的可靠性。对于有些危险的、环境恶劣的不适合人员操作的数据采集工作可实行远程采集，将采集的数据放在服务器中供用户使用。     

数字波面扩束器

介绍在移相式数字平面干涉仪的基础上建立的高精度数字波面扩速器技术，该技术可扩展干涉仪的测试孔径。文中介绍了数字波面扩束技术的原理，使用计算机模拟实际的测试过程，分析原理误差对波面复原精度的影响，此技术用在φ250mm口径的移相式数字平面干涉仪上，扩束口径达φ500mm。     

基于RS485总线的存储器网络化技术研究

传统网络化测试技术存在网络化测试精准度低、不能对全部数据进行测试、数据属性测试不明确等问题,为此,基于RS485串行连接框图和存储器结构对网络化测试技术展开研究。采用信息融合技术中的信息融合算法得出测试估计误差方阵,完善传统技术中精准度低的问题。利用定义模型和动态模型有限内存的处理技术,对整个存储内存进行访问,从而对全部数据进行测试。采用分布式计算技术,利用二元制算法测试存储器中数据的质量,从而确定数据的属性。通过实验得出结论,本文测试技术不但能够确定数据属性,还能提高网络化测试精准度,并对全部数据进行测试,为我国未来网络化测试技术奠定了坚实的基础。     

现代激光应用技术——激光二极管点火

本文简述了激光二极管点火的优越性；从光学技术角度概括分析了与激光二极管点火技术密切相关的激光二极管技术，光纤及光纤耦合技术，光敏化技术和测试技术及其发展状况。对国外在激光二极管点火方面的研究成果做了一定的介绍。     

基于广义载波条纹图数字解调的三维形貌测量技术

提出研究了一种新的三维表面测试技术，该技术基于广义非线性载波条纹的数字解调。文中给出了该技术的理论分析和实验结果。     

星载光电捕获跟踪瞄准控制技术分析

本文以天基监视为研究背景,主要围绕星载光电捕获跟踪瞄准(ATP)控制技术展开研究,针对卫星调姿变轨和跟踪架转动的多自由度配合控制过程,依次对天基监视物理模型、星载光电ATP控制系统方案和电视跟踪精度进行了分析。通过分析,不仅对这种多阶段多任务多模式切换的ATP控制有了较为清晰的理解,而且对其中所涉及的关键技术获得了较为全面的认识,对星载光电ATP控制系统设计有一定的指导意义。     

结构扭扰引起定向光束能量扩散的统计特征

 受到特定振动环境干扰的光机系统结构存在着多个转动自由度的扭扰分量，由此引起输出光束定向角的偏转抖动，导致光束辐射能量集中度以动态扩散形式下降。运用概率和统计的方法对有代表性的光束随机抖动测试结果进行了二元统计分析。基于实际抖动幅度分布趋近于正态规律的特点，从辐射累积效应角度探讨了定向光束在受光面能量沉积的分布特征以及能量扩散程度的近似评估方法。     

基于PSD的微小位移测量研究

介绍了一种新型的纳米精度光学测量系统.该系统结合半导体位置探测器件(PositionSensitive Detection,PSD)及现代计算机技术,利用激光在两平面镜间多次反射,将测量镜的纳米量级被测物位移放大到PSD能够分辨出的微米量级的位移,从而利用相对低精度的手段完成高精度的测量.实验表明此系统能够对微小位移进行放大测量,测量精度达到11.5 nm.     

多光刀三维轮廓快速测量方法研究

提出了一种三维自由曲面多光刀快速测量方案,阐述了此方法的测量原理,讨论了多光刀阵列的实现方法,分析了影响其测试精度的主要因素.提出了采用虚拟网格标定法对各光刀分别进行标定,以及运用光刀编码的方法实现对复杂自由曲面测量的方法,结果表明:该方法是一种快速有效的三维轮廓测量方法.     

Proposal for measurement of harmonic oscillator berry phase in ion traps

We propose a scheme for measuring the Berry phase in the vibrational degree of freedom of a trapped ion. Starting from the ion in a vibrational coherent state we show how to reverse the sign of the coherent state amplitude by using a purely geometric phase. This can then be detected through the internal degrees of freedom of the ion. Our method can be applied to preparation of entangled states of the ion and the vibrational mode.     

动态偏振模色散补偿的自适应算法及实现

基于研制成功的两级偏振模色散自适应补偿系统,提出对光传输系统中偏振模色散(PMD)自动搜索跟踪的补偿算法,该算法解决了偏振模色散补偿多自由度搜索中易于陷入局部极大值的问题.实验证明应用该算法制成的偏振模色散自适应补偿器性能优越,所能达到的性能参数为：全局补偿搜索时间78.77 ms,跟踪响应时间15.75 ms.另外,为了将研制的动态PMD补偿器得以实用化,就PMD补偿系统中的核心——取样反馈控制模块的性能进行了剖析.     

Nonparametric identification of nonlinear dynamic systems using a synchronisation-based method

The present study proposes an identification method for highly nonlinear mechanical systems that does not require a priori knowledge of the underlying nonlinearities to reconstruct arbitrary restoring force surfaces between degrees of freedom. This approach is based on the master–slave synchronisation between a dynamic model of the system as the slave and the real system as the master using measurements of the latter. As the model synchronises to the measurements, it becomes an observer of the real system. The optimal observer algorithm in a least-squares sense is given by the Kalman filter. Using the well-known state augmentation technique, the Kalman filter can be turned into a dual state and parameter estimator to identify parameters of a priori characterised nonlinearities. The paper proposes an extension of this technique towards nonparametric identification. A general system model is introduced by describing the restoring forces as bilateral spring-dampers with time-variant coefficients, which are estimated as augmented states. The estimation procedure is followed by an a posteriori statistical analysis to reconstruct noise-free restoring force characteristics using the estimated states and their estimated variances. Observability is provided using only one measured mechanical quantity per degree of freedom, which makes this approach less demanding in the number of necessary measurement signals compared with truly nonparametric solutions, which typically require displacement, velocity and acceleration signals. Additionally, due to the statistical rigour of the procedure, it successfully addresses signals corrupted by significant measurement noise. In the present paper, the method is described in detail, which is followed by numerical examples of one degree of freedom (1DoF) and 2DoF mechanical systems with strong nonlinearities of vibro-impact type to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique.     

可同时测量真温及光谱发射率的8波长高温计

基于提出的新的多光谱测温法的数据处理方法 ,研制了一种可以自动识别目标真温及光谱发射率的新型多波长高温计。其光路系统采用棱镜分光技术 ,克服了以往用光导纤维分光、干涉滤光片限定工作波长的缺点 ;数据采集系统采用 SA6 8D2 2模块 ,可以实现数据的无线传输。基于提出的新的发射率假设模型 ,使得此多波长高温计可用于大多数工程材料的目标真温及光谱发射率的测量     

An approach for characterizing coupling in dynamical systems

The study of coupling in dynamical systems dates back to Christian Hyugens who, in 1665, discovered that pendulum clocks with the same length pendulum synchronize when they are near to each other. In that case the observed synchronous motion was out of phase. In this paper we propose a new approach for measuring the degree of coupling and synchronization of a dynamical system consisting of interacting subsystems. The measure is based on quantifying the active degrees of freedom (e.g. correlation dimension) of the coupled system and the constituent subsystems. The time-delay embedding scheme is extended to coupled systems and used for attractor reconstruction of the coupled dynamical system. We use the coupled Lorenz, Rossler and Hénon model systems with a coupling strength variable for evaluation of the proposed approach. Results show that we can measure the active degrees of freedom of the coupled dynamical systems and can quantify and distinguish the degree of synchronization or coupling in each of the dynamical systems studied. Furthermore, using this approach the direction of coupling can be determined.     

Experimental Modal Damping Identification of a Mechanical Structure Using Video Magnification Technique

Vibration can be introduced in all mechanical fields in our life. Engineers try to avoid its negative effect leading in some cases to deformation in the machines. Many researches are dedicated to study the identification of damping especially in multi degree of freedom systems with particular attention to the source of energy dissipation. They focus on developing new tools or methods which may be used in real problems to obtain accurate results about the amount (or value) and the location of energy dissipation in the structure. The aim of this paper is to present an original procedure aims to experimentally determine the modal damping ratio of a mechanical structure. The proposed procedure consists of extracting the Frequency Response Function of the vibrating system using the video magnification method and then calculate the modal damping ratio using the 3-dB method. These experimental measurements are carried out by giving an external force on a cantilever beam, then the modal damping ratios are extracted using motion magnification. The obtained results show a relative error less than 4.2% between the experimental measurements and the analytical calculation for the Frequency Response Function (FRF) curves. The novelty of the paper is to combine the video magnification technique and the 3dB method in a procedure that aims to experimentally measure the modal damping of a mechanical structure. The proposed procedure in this paper represents the damping identification as a simple and easy engineering application.