钴氧化物中晶格与自旋的关联耦合效应研究

强关联电子体系具有多序参量耦合且极易受到外场高效调控的特性.钴氧化物(LaCoO₃)是一类典型的多铁性(兼具铁弹性和铁磁性)氧化物材料,受到了研究者们广泛和深入的研究.过去,针对钴氧化物的研究都集中于应力作用下的铁弹性相变和结构调控方面.近年来,研究人员新奇地发现钴氧化物薄膜在张应力作用下发生顺磁到铁磁相转变,但其根源一直存在较大争议.部分实验证据表明应力将会导致钴离子价态降低产生自旋态转变,而另一些研究者认为应力诱导的纳米畴结构会呈现高自旋态的长程有序排列,才是钴氧化物薄膜铁磁性的主要原因.本综述主要介绍近几年来钴氧化物薄膜和异质结中自旋与晶格之间关联耦合效应的系列进展.在保持钴离子价态不变时,通过薄膜厚度、晶格失配应力、晶体对称性、表面形貌、界面氧离子配位和氧八面体倾转等结构因素诱导钴氧化物薄膜的自旋态可逆转变,从而形成高度可调的宏观磁性.进而,研究者们利用原子级精度可控的薄膜生长技术构筑了单原胞层钴氧化物超晶格,通过高效的结构调控,实现了超薄二维磁性氧化物材料.这些系列进展不仅澄清了强关联电子体系中晶格与自旋等序参量之间的强耦合关系,而且为实现氧化物自旋电子...     

稀土掺杂锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应

过去十多年来,具有庞磁电阻效应的稀土掺杂锰氧化物成为了凝聚态物理研究的重要领域。锰氧化物的载流子自旋极化率高,且在居里温度附近表现出很大的磁电阻效应,因此在自旋电子学中有潜在的应用前景。另一方面,锰氧化物是典型的强关联电子体系,它对目前有关强关联体系的认识提出了很大挑战。本文综述了锰氧化物的各种性质及其物理原因。全文首先概述了锰氧化物的庞磁电阻效应及其晶格和电子结构,简单介绍了其他一些庞磁电阻材料;随后综述了锰氧化物的电荷/轨道有序相及其输运性质;在第四部分简单介绍了锰氧化物中庞磁电阻效应的机制;最后讨论了锰氧化物的一些可能的应用,如低场磁电阻效应、磁隧道结、磁p＿n结以及全钙钛矿的场效应管和自旋极化电子注入装置等。     

稀土掺杂锰氧化物庞磁电阻效应

过去十多年来，具有庞磁电阻效应的稀土掺杂锰氧化物成为了凝聚态物理研究的重要领域。锰氧化物的载流子自旋极化率高，且在居里温度附近表现出很大的磁电阻效应，因此在自旋电子学中有潜在的应用前景。另一方面，锰氧化物是典型的强关联电子体系，它对目前有关强关联体系的认识提出了很大挑战。本文综述了锰氧化物的各种性质及其物理原因。全文首先概述了锰氧化物的庞磁电阻效应及其晶格和电子结构，简单介绍了其他一些庞磁电阻材料；随后综述了锰氧化物的电荷／轨道有序相及其输运性质；在第四部分简单介绍了锰氧化物中庞磁电阻效应的机制；最后讨论了锰氧化物的一些可能的应用，如低场磁电阻效应、磁隧道结、磁p-n结以及全钙钛矿的场效应管和自旋极化电子注入装置等。     

复杂氧化物中电子相分离的量子调控

复杂氧化物可以呈现出高温超导、庞磁阻以及多铁效应等诸多新奇的物理现象.这类材料中的电荷/自旋/轨道和晶格自由度之间的强耦合相互作用,可以导致多种相互竞争且能量非常接近的电子态的空间共存,这就是电子相分离现象.如果可以将材料的空间尺寸缩小到电子相分离的特征长度,其物理性质甚至电子关联作用本身都会发生根本的变化,从而有可能实现复杂氧化物中的量子调控.本文综述了我们课题组在过去几年中针对复杂氧化物中电子相分离的量子调控取得的进展,内容包括：发现了锰氧化物边缘电子态,通过氧化物微纳加工技术,实现了量子态空间分布的调控,提高了庞磁阻锰氧化物的临界温度;研究了当材料空间尺度小于其电子相分离特征尺度时电子相分离的表现,确定了在电子相分离消失以后体系的磁结构;通过超晶格生长技术调控了材料中的掺杂有序度,对锰氧化物中大尺度的电子相分离的物理机理从实验上给出了解释.     

轨道量子序的调制与应用

在特定条件下,关联电子材料中最外层电子的轨道在空间上有序排列,形成轨道量子序。伴随轨道量子序的构建和解构,关联体系中有着丰富的量子临界现象,蕴含着崭新的物理内涵,并有着重要的应用前景。文章从关联电子材料中轨道量子序的特征出发,介绍了轨道量子序的构建与解构中的一些基本物理问题,以及近年来在轨道量子序调制及应用方面的热点研究方向与研究进展。     

钙钛矿超晶格的演生磁电物性

钙钛矿过渡金属氧化物中存在诸多自由度（如晶格、电荷、自旋和轨道）,这些自由度 之间的相互耦合以及相互竞争会诱导出很多奇异物性,如高温超导、庞磁电阻效应、多铁性等, 这些物性在量子器件的发展过程中扮演了重要的角色。在此基础上,若再将不同特性的氧化物材 料耦合在一起形成超晶格,通过界面处的晶格重组与电子重组,体系可呈现出更加丰富的物理和 更多可调控的性能。本综述主要关注钙钛矿超晶格中的磁电物性。首先介绍了超晶格中磁性调控 的几种物理机制,然后对超晶格中的杂化非本征铁电性以及电子铁电性进行了重点讨论,最后围 绕超晶格中的磁电耦合效应进行了讨论和总结。     

高温高压合成新型量子功能材料

<正>元素周期表中从IIIB族到VIII族的化学元素称为过渡元素,其价电子依次填充在次外层的d轨道上。以过渡族金属氧化物为代表的强关联电子体系是过去三十多年间凝聚态物理研究的焦点内容。由于在这些体系中存在电荷、自旋、轨道和晶格等量子自由度的相互耦合和竞争,会造成一系列丰富奇特的物理现象和效应。例如,层状铜氧化体系中发现的高温超导电性;钙钛矿锰氧化物(例如La_(1-x)Ca_xMnO_3)的电阻率在磁场中出现了     

应用级联运动方程方法研究并联双量子点的量子纠缠（英文）

量子点体系是一类具有代表性的量子杂质体系.体系与环境之间的耗散过程和电子间的强相互作用对量子态的相干、纠缠有着极其重要的影响.多体效应和电子转移之间的竞争对局域自旋态之间的量子纠缠特性具有重要影响.本文应用级联运动方程方法对强关联双量子点系统的纠缠进行了定量研究.同时探究了总系统与子系统的信息熵之间的关系.     

稀土锰氧化物的低场磁电阻效应

具有庞磁电阻效应的掺杂稀土锰氧化物因为其高的自旋极化率和自旋极化输运行为而表现出显著的低场磁电阻效应。这一效应在氧化物自旋电子学中有着深远的潜在应用前景。本文综述了国内外近年来在锰氧化物低场磁电阻增强这一研究领域的进展和存在的一些问题。全文分三个部分，首先概述了基于自旋极化散射和自旋极化隧穿两种输运机制的磁电阻理论；然后重点介绍掺杂稀土锰氧化物低场磁电阻增强的主要研究进展，这些进展背后的基本物理图象是通过人为引入自旋无序介质形成自旋极化散射和自旋极化隧穿，从而增强其低场磁电阻；第三部分讨论了基于掺杂稀土锰氧化物的磁性隧道结制备和输运性质。本文最后提出了锰氧化物低场磁电阻增强研究应该关注的一些物理问题。     

基于投影纠缠对态算法优化的研究

二维强关联电子量子格点系统的投影纠缠对态(PEPS)算法是数值计算领域中研究二维强关联电子量子格点系统最为重要的张量网络算法.基于PEPS算法研究二维量子XYX模型与二维量子Ising模型,本文对PEPS算法进行了一些优化和改进研究,这些优化和改进主要体现在如何进行PEPS张量的更新与如何进行物理观测量的计算这两个方面,从而可以大大提高计算资源的利用.因而优化和改进后的PEPS算法可为研究热力学极限下的二维强关联电子量子格点系统的量子相变和量子临界现象提供一种更有效的强大的工具.     

Emergent phenomena in manganites under spatial confinement

It is becoming increasingly clear that the exotic properties displayed by correlated electronic materials such as high Tc superconductivity in cuprates,colossal magnetoresistance(CMR) in manganites,and heavy-fermion compounds are intimately related to the coexistence of competing nearly degenerate states which couple simultaneously active degrees of freedom-charge,lattice,orbital,and spin states.The striking phenomena associated with these materials are due in a large part to spatial electronic inhomogeneities,or electronic phase separation(EPS).In many of these hard materials,the functionality is a result of the soft electronic component that leads to self-organization.In this paper,we review our recent work on a novel spatial confinement technique that has led to some fascinating new discoveries about the role of EPS in manganites.Using lithographic techniques to confine manganite thin films to length scales of the EPS domains that reside within them,it is possible to simultaneously probe EPS domains with different electronic states.This method allows for a much more complete view of the phases residing in a material and gives vital information on phase formation,movement,and fluctuation.Pushing this trend to its limit,we propose to control the formation process of the EPS using external local fields,which include magnetic exchange field,strain field,and electric field.We term the ability to pattern EPS "electronic nanofabrication." This method allows us to control the global physical properties of the system at a very fundamental level,and greatly enhances the potential for realizing true oxide electronics.     

Colossal magnetoresistive manganites

Magnetoelectronic features of the perovskite-type manganites are overviewed in the light of the mechanism of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR). The essential ingredient of the CMR physics is not only the double-exchange interaction but also other competing interactions, such as ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic superexchange interactions and charge/orbital ordering instabilities as well as their strong coupling with the lattice deformation. In particular, the orbital degree of freedom of the conduction electrons in the near-degenerate 3d e_g state plays an essential role in producing the unconventional metal–insulator phenomena in the manganites via strong coupling with spin, charge, and lattice degrees of freedom. Insulating or poorly conducting states arise from the long or short-range correlations of charge and orbital, but can be mostly melted or turned into the orbital-disordered conducting state by application of a magnetic field, producing the CMR or the insulator–metal transition.     

Nanoscale control of low-dimensional spin structures in manganites

Due to the upcoming demands of next-generation electronic/magnetoelectronic devices with low-energy consumption,emerging correlated materials(such as superconductors,topological insulators and manganites) are one of the highly promising candidates for the applications.For the past decades,manganites have attracted great interest due to the colossal magnetoresistance effect,charge-spin-orbital ordering,and electronic phase separation.However,the incapable of deterministic control of those emerging low-dimensional spin structures at ambient condition restrict their possible applications.Therefore,the understanding and control of the dynamic behaviors of spin order parameters at nanoscale in manganites under external stimuli with low energy consumption,especially at room temperature is highly desired.In this review,we collected recent major progresses of nanoscale control of spin structures in manganites at low dimension,especially focusing on the control of their phase boundaries,domain walls as well as the topological spin structures(e.g.,skyrmions).In addition,capacitor-based prototype spintronic devices are proposed by taking advantage of the above control methods in manganites.This capacitor-based structure may provide a new platform for the design of future spintronic devices with low-energy consumption.     

Advances in ab-initio theory of multiferroics

Within the broad class of multiferroics (compounds showing a coexistence of magnetism and ferroelectricity), we focus on the subclass of ??improper electronic ferroelectrics??, i.e. correlated materials where electronic degrees of freedom (such as spin, charge or orbital) drive ferroelectricity. In particular, in spin-induced ferroelectrics, there is not only a coexistence of the two intriguing magnetic and dipolar orders; rather, there is such an intimate link that one drives the other, suggesting a giant magnetoelectric coupling. Via first-principles approaches based on density functional theory, we review the microscopic mechanisms at the basis of multiferroicity in several compounds, ranging from transition metal oxides to organic multiferroics to organic-inorganic hybrids.     

Colossal magnetoresistance in manganites and related prototype devices＊

We review colossal magnetoresistance in single phase manganites, as related to the field sensitive spin-charge interactions and phase separation; the rectifying property and negative/positive magnetoresistance in manganite/Nb：SrTio3 p-n junctions in relation to the special interface electronic structure; magnetoelectric coupling in manganite/ferroelectric structures that takes advantage of strain, carrier density, and magnetic field sensitivity; tunneling magnetoresistance in tunnel junctions with dielectric, ferroelectric, and organic semiconductor spacers using the fully spin polarized nature of manganites; and the effect of particle size on magnetic properties in manganite nanoparticles.     

Metal–insulator transition and colossal magnetoresistance: relevance of electron–lattice coupling and electronic phase separation

In this article, we review the insulator–metal transition and the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites. The relevance of electron–lattice coupling and the resulting Jahn–Teller polaron is elaborated. The general features of electronic phase separation, which results from disorder and strain effects, are discussed along with electron–lattice coupling effects. Although a comprehensive theory is still lacking that can account for all the intricate features of manganite physics, electronic-phase separation and electron–lattice coupling appear to capture the essence of the colossal magnetoresistance effect in manganites.