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本文介绍了一种制备染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)准固态电解质的新方法——混合溶剂法.该方法具有制作工艺简单、所用溶剂对人及环境无污染等优点.将混合溶剂法制备的准固态电解质应用于太阳电池,并系统研究了电解质组成及环境温度对电解质及其DSC性能的影响规律. 相似文献
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染料敏化太阳能电池(Dye Sensitized Solar Cells)是新一代将光能转化为电能的重要能源转换装置。它具有低廉的材料和器件制作成本、较高的光电转换效率以及电池制作过程简单等诸多优点,拥有广阔的应用空间和巨大的潜在商业价值,因而吸引了广泛的研究关注。染料敏化太阳能电池主要由染料敏化的光阳极、电解质和对电极三个部分组成。其中,电解质作为染料敏化太阳能电池的重要组成部分,其对离子的传导和扩散,以及促进染料再生的能力极大地影响着染料敏化太阳能电池的电荷传输和光电性能。本文聚焦于染料敏化太阳能电池准固态电解质体系,主要从聚合物凝胶电解质、有机小分子凝胶电解质和无机纳米粒子凝胶电解质三大方面综述讨论了该研究领域当前最新研究进展,并对其未来研究趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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采用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛(PVF)与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)2种聚乙烯醇缩醛类聚合物制作了准固态电解质并应用在了染料敏化太阳能电池上.利用红外光谱,热力学及电化学的方法对聚合物及聚合物电解质进行了表征,结果表明聚合物中C O及O—C—O基团可以通过氧原子与锂离子相互作用促进Li I的电离.PVB中丙基侧链对其热力学及电化学性能有显著的影响.通过对电解质组成进行优化,PVF和PVB基电解质的电导率分别达到2.5 m S·cm~(-1)及4.2 m S·cm~(-1),极限扩散电流分别为10.05 m A·cm-2(扩散系数为1.84×10-6cm2·s~(-1))和17.89 m A·cm-2(扩散系数为3.23×10-6cm2·s~(-1)).PVF及PVB基准固态染料敏化太阳能电池分别达到了4.18%和6.06%的光电转化效率,并展现了良好的稳定性. 相似文献
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采用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为凝胶剂, 以碘化锂和碘单质为碘源, 碳酸乙烯酯(EC)和碳酸丙烯酯(PC)为溶剂, 制备了染料敏化太阳能电池(DSSCs)用凝胶聚合物电解质(GPE). 使用拉曼光谱、 循环伏安曲线和交流阻抗谱等对GPE进行表征. 结果表明, 聚合物的配比与浓度及碘与碘化锂比例对该电解质性能有很大影响, 当聚合物质量分数为10%、 PVP与PVDF质量比为80∶20、 I2浓度为0.042 mol/L且LiI与I2摩尔比为30∶1时, 制备的GPE在室温下电导率达最大值(3.27 mS/cm). 使用该GPE组装的DSSCs在100 mW/cm2的模拟太阳光照射下, 开路电压为0.64 V, 短路电流为13.6 mA/cm2, 填充因子为0.595, 能量转化效率为5.18%, 并在30 d内表现出了良好的稳定工作性能. 相似文献
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采用小分子胶凝剂四(十二烷基)氯化铵胶凝3-甲氧基丙腈基液体电解质制备了凝胶电解质,并组装成准固态染料敏化太阳电池.差示扫描量热测试结果表明,凝胶电解质的溶液-凝胶转变温度(TSG)为74℃.分析了凝胶电解质中I3^-/I^-电对的表观扩散系数低于液体电解质的原因,同时结合电化学阻抗技术考察了电池内部二氧化钛多孔薄膜电极/电解质界面处的暗反应,分析了凝胶化对电池光伏性能的影响.老化实验结果表明,凝胶电池的稳定性明显优于液体电池. 相似文献
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纯聚偏氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物(PVDF-HFP)基凝胶电解质常常受制于低离子电导率,阻碍了其在染料敏化太阳电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSCs)中的应用。 而利用纳米填充可提高凝胶电解质离子电导率及凝胶电解质DSSCs的性能。 本文使用功能化的多壁碳纳米管(f-MWCNT)作为PVDF-HFP凝胶电解质的纳米填充物,通过改变f-MWCNT的质量分数来研究其对电解质的离子电导率和离子扩散的影响,进而研究其对DSSCs的转化效率和长期稳定性的增强作用。 研究发现:质量分数0.5%的f-MWCNT明显提高了PVDF-HFP凝胶电解质的离子电导率和离子扩散系数。 并且,该凝胶电解质基DSSCs的光转换效率可达5.28%,相比于未填充的PVDF-HFP凝胶电解质基DSSCs(4.01%),其效率提高了31.7%。 42 d后,该电池依然可以保持最初转化效率的86.5%。 实验结果证实了f-MWCNT在纳米填充方面的巨大潜能,为采用纳米填充物提高凝胶电解质DSSCs的性能提供参考。 相似文献
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A new kind of gel electrolyte containing only organic solvents and an iodide salt-namely 3-methoxypropionitrile(MPN),aniline and AlI 3 -has been prepared.Gel formation results from the Lewis acid-base interaction between the Lewis acid ionic conductor AlI 3 and the Lewis base organic solvent aniline and no additional gelling agent is required.The AlI 3-aniline complex acts both as an ionic conductor and as a gelling agent.The differences between the peaks characteristic of the-NH 2 group and aromatic ring in the FTIR spectra of free aniline and the AlI 3-aniline hybrid confirm the formation of the AlI 3-aniline complex.The photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of dye-sensitized solar cells can be greatly enhanced by the addition of aniline to the AlI 3-MPN liquid electrolyte. 相似文献
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Miaoliang Huang Hongxun Yang Jihuai Wu Jianming Lin Zhang Lan Pingjiang Li Sancun Hao Peng Han Qiwei Jiang 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2007,42(1):65-70
Using poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) as polymer host, 1,2-propanediol carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate as mixture solvent, N-methyl-quinoline iodide and iodine as the source of I−/I3
−, a novel polymer gel electrolyte with ionic conductivity of 5.12 × 10−3 S· cm−1 at 25°C was prepared by sol-gel and hydrothermal methods. Based on the polymer gel electrolyte, a quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized
solar cell was fabricated. The solar cell possess better long-term stability and light-to-electrical energy conversion efficiency
of 4.04% under irradiation of 100 mW· cm−2. The influences of polymer host, solvent, N-methyl-quinoline iodide and temperature on ionic conductivity of the polymer gel electrolyte and the performance of the dye-sensitized
solar cell was discussed. 相似文献
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A polymer gel electrolyte with in situ synthesized Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors was prepared for fabricating a quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (QS-DSSC). The in situ synthesized Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors show weaker influence on the liquid electrolyte absorbency of the polymer gel electrolyte than that of Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors dissolved in liquid electrolyte. Owing to the higher liquid electrolyte absorbency, the polymer gel electrolyte with in situ synthesized Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors shows higher ionic conductivity than that of polymer gel electrolyte with Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors absorbed from liquid electrolyte. QS-DSSC containing the polymer gel electrolyte with in situ synthesized Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors shows 3.815% energy conversion efficiency, which is 21.6% higher than that of QS-DSSC containing polymer gel electrolyte with Acac-Py-I2 ionic conductors absorbed from liquid electrolyte. 相似文献
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将两种向列相液晶,4-氰基-4'-庚基联苯和4-氰基-4'-戊基联苯,引入到染料敏化太阳电池(DSC)用偏氟乙烯-六氟乙烯共聚物基准固态电解质中,以期提高DSC的光电转化效率.研究了液晶的引入对电解质中I-/I3-的氧化还原行为、DSC中TiO2/电解质界面的暗反应以及DSC光伏性能的影响.结果表明,尽管液晶的引入会降低电解质中I-/I3-的传输并且使得DSC中暗反应加快,但是DSC的短路电流密度却显著地提高,使DSC的光电转化效率增加.这可能是由于液晶的引入改善了DSC中的界面接触以及增加染料的光吸收引起的. 相似文献
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The sunlight is the largest single available source of clean and renewable energy to ensure human society’s sustainable development. Owing to their low production cost and high energy conversion efficiency, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been regarded as good alternatives to conventional photovoltaic devices. Herein, a series of composite electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and the binary ionic liquids 1-propyl-3-methy-imidazolium iodide ([PMIm]I) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([EMIm][SCN]) were prepared and then applied to fabricate six DSSCs. The composite electrolytes were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS). It was shown that the addition of binary ionic liquids would reduce the degree of crystallinity of PEO, thus improving the ionic conductivities of the electrolytes by about 2 orders of magnitude. Investigation on the photovoltaic performances of these DSSCs showed that the fill factor (FF) could reach up to 0.67 and energy conversion efficiency (η) could reach up to 4.04% under AM 1.5 full sunlight (100 mW/cm2). 相似文献
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Lee CH Liu KY Chang SH Lin KJ Lin JJ Ho KC Lin KF 《Journal of colloid and interface science》2011,363(2):635-639
The exfoliated montmorillonite (exMMT) nanoplatelets that carry negative charges are capable of adsorbing 1-methyl-3-propyl-imidazolium cations to form a gel-type ionic liquid-based electrolyte system for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Interestingly, it also increases the power conversion efficiency of DSSC from 6.58% to 7.77% at full sun. The increased efficiency is attributed to the decreased resistance of gel electrolyte system and enhanced reduction reaction rate at the counter electrode, both of which are related to the two-dimensional electrolyte nature of exMMTs that repel the I(-)/I(3)(-) redox couples toward their major conduction pathway. 相似文献
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Raja Arumugam Senthil Jayaraman Theerthagiri Abdul Kariem Mohd Arof 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2016,53(4):245-251
In this work, the influence of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (2-MCBI) on poly(vinylidinefluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)/KI/I2 (PVDF-HFP/KI/I2) polymer electrolytes were studied. The pure and different weight percentage ratios (20, 30, 40 and 50%) of 2-MCBI doped PVDF-HFP/KI/I2 electrolytes were prepared by a solution casting technique. The as-prepared polymer electrolyte films were characterized using various techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), alternating current (AC)-impedance analysis. The addition of 2-MCBI with pure PVDF-HFP/KI/I2 was found to increase the ionic conductivity of electrolyte. Among the various additions, 30 wt% 2-MCBI doped PVDF-HFP/KI/I2 showed the highest room temperature ionic conductivity values than the others. The dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) fabricated using this optimized polymer electrolyte achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 4.40% than the pure PVDF-HFP/KI/I2 (1.74%) at similar experimental conditions. Thus, the 2-MCBI doped polymer electrolyte has proven to be an effective substitute to the liquid electrolyte in DSSCs. 相似文献
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Gelation of ionic liquid-based electrolytes with silica nanoparticles for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Wang P Zakeeruddin SM Comte P Exnar I Grätzel M 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(5):1166-1167
For the first time silica nanoparticles were used to solidify ionic liquids. These ionic liquid-based quasi-solid-state electrolytes were successfully employed for regenerative photoelectrochemical cells that yielded 7% efficiency at AM 1.5 sunlight in combination with an amphiphilic ruthenium polypyridyl photosensitizer. 相似文献
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Soon Hyung Kang Jae-Yup Kim Hyun Sik Kim Haeng-Deog Koh Jae-Suk Lee Yung-Eun Sung 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》2008,200(2-3):294-300
A TiO2 film was modified by adding light scattering particles and applied to an anode electrode in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The TiO2 films with 10 wt% (vs. TiO2 weight) light scattering particles showed enhanced performance (28%), compared with nanocrystalline TiO2 films, which were used as the controls. In particular, the photocurrent density (Jsc) reached approximately 12.6 mA/cm2 under a one-sun condition. This was attributed to the light scattering effect and decrease in internal resistance through the macroporous structure with a minor loss of electron transport. However, in the case of a larger concentration of light scattering particles (>10 wt%), there was a decrease in the efficiency of DSSCs, which resulted from the decreased surface area and degraded electron transport and charge recombination properties, as confirmed by the measurement of stepped light-induced photocurrent and photovoltage transients. Furthermore, the diffusion properties and kinetics of the composite polymer electrolyte with the nanoporous and macroporous TiO2 films were compared and evaluated from the electrochemical impedance spectra. 相似文献
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A simple method for the controllable hydrothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline anatase TiO2(nc-TiO2) particles involving the selection of suitable organic alkali peptizing agents is reported.A dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC) with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 8-13 nm-prepared using tetraethylammonium hydroxide(TEAOH)-in the photoelectrode showed higher photovoltaic performance than two other DSSCs with square-like nc-TiO2 particles with side lengths about 7-10 nm-prepared using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide-or elongated nc-TiO2 particles with lengths about 18-35 nm and width about 10 18 nm-prepared using tetramethylammonium hydroxide(TMAOH)-in the photoelectrodes.When a scattering layer prepared from sub-micron size spheres or cone-like nc-TiO2 particles-synthesized using a higher concentration of TMAOH-was added on top of the photoelectrode fabricated from nc-TiO2 synthesized with TEAOH,the energy conversion efficiency of the DSSC was markedly increased from 6.77% to 8.18%. 相似文献