Silver-Loaded Bio-Structured Carbon/Cadmium Sulfide Lamellar Composites with Enhanced Photocatalysis under Visible Light

A silver (Ag)-loaded biostructured carbon/cadmium sulfide (CdS) lamellar composite photocatalyst was synthesized using a hydrothermal and photodeposition method. Camellia petals functioned both as a biological layered template and as a source of carbon. The prepared composite photocatalyst demonstrated good absorption under visible light and exhibited excellent photocatalytic degradation performance. The photocatalytic degradation efficiency of the obtained composites substantially improved compared with pure CdS. The 5 wt.-% Ag-loaded C/CdS sample exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity, reaching 96.5 % after 180 min, which was 8.7 times that of pure CdS. Specifically, the biocarbon sheet enhanced the absorption of visible light. Furthermore, the high electrical conductivity of Ag can effectively transfer and separate photogenerated electrons and holes, thus enhancing both photocatalytic performance and stability.     

C@CdS/埃洛石纳米管复合光催化剂一步热解法的制备及光降解性能

通过一步热解法合成了一种新的复合光催化剂C@CdS/埃洛石纳米管(HNTs). 用扫描电镜(SEM),X射线能谱(EDS),透射电镜(TEM),X 射线衍射(XRD),紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS),傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱,比表面积和拉曼光谱(RS)对材料进行表征. 利用可见光下降解四环素探究了C@CdS/HNTs 的光催化活性. 结果表明,所制备的不同热解温度的样品中,400 ℃热解温度下的样品降解四环素效果最好,可见光照射60 min 降解率能达到86%. 此外,得益于碳层、CdS和HNTs 的共同作用,光催化剂展示了很好的稳定性. 放置一年对催化活性没有任何影响,并且经过三次循环实验,光催化剂活性没有很大变化. 最后讨论了光催化剂的制备机理,并且对光催化降解过程的中间产物进行了分析.     

Visible light driven amide synthesis in water at room temperature from Thioacid and amine using CdS nanoparticles as heterogeneous Photocatalyst

Highly efficient photocatalytic thioacid mediated amide synthesis at room temperature using CdS nanoparticles as photocatalyst was observed under a household 30 W CFL in water. The operationally mild reaction was tolerant to a number of functional group substitutions on amine and could be scaled up to gram. This heterogeneous photocatalyst was extremely stable and could easily be recovered by simple centrifugation for at least six recycling reactions without any significant loss of catalytic performance. The possible reaction mechanism for the photocatalytic thioacid mediated amide synthesis over the CdS semiconductor has also been proposed on the basis of experimental observations.     

g-C_3N_4/CdS纳米棒复合光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

采用简单的水热法制得CdS纳米棒,采用溶剂热法制得g-C_3N_4/CdS纳米棒复合光催化剂(1),其结构和性能经SEM,XRD和UV-Vis(DRS)表征。探究了1在可见光作用下光催化降解模拟有机污染物甲基橙的性能。结果表明:在可见光作用下,与纯CdS纳米棒光催化剂比较,1的催化活性明显提高,稳定性显著增强。     

CdS/FeP复合光催化材料界面结构与性质的理论研究

构建同质异相或异质结构是提高光催化材料性能的有效途径之一,尤其是对于CdS这类具有光腐蚀的材料,这种方法还能起到提高光催化材料稳定性的作用。因此目前制备CdS基复合光催化材料得到了广泛的研究,但是目前对其中的一些基本问题和关键因素仍需要进一步探讨和解释。本文采用第一性原理方法对CdS/FeP复合光催化材料中异质结构的界面微观结构和性质进行深入研究。计算结果表明,由于在界面上部分悬挂键被饱和,界面模型呈现出与体相或表面模型不同的电子结构特征,并且有界面态的存在。在CdS/FeP异质结构的界面处,CdS和FeP的能带都相对向下移动,而且FeP的能带（费米能级）插入到CdS的导带下方;同时在界面达到平衡态之后,异质结构的内建电场由FeP层指向CdS层,因而能够实现光生电子-空穴对在CdS/FeP界面处的空间有效分离,这对于光催化性能的增强极其有利。此外,构建CdS/FeP异质结构也能够进一步增强CdS在可见光区的光吸收。本文研究结果为构建具有异质结构的高效复合光催化材料提供了机理解释和理论支持。     

Construction of immobilized films photocatalysts with CdS clusters decorated by metal Cd and BiOCl for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotics

A kind of CdS/Cd-BiOCl immobilized films photocatalyst was prepared. The optical and physicochemical properties of the CdS/Cd-BiOCl photocatalysts were analysed, and the detailed characterization revealed CdS/Cd-BiOCl films photocatalyst with good charge carrier separation effect. The reusabilities and photocatalytic properties of the samples were studied. The 15%CdS/Cd-BiOCl photocatalyst exhibited superior performance in photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) and favorable stability under visible light irradiation. As for the photodegradation rate of TC, 15%CdS/Cd-BiOCl exhibited an excellent photodegradation activity, which is 4.06 and 9.53 times higher than that of CdS/Cd and BiOCl, respectively. The results showed that dominant active species are ^?O₂^? and ^?OH radicals during photodegradation. The charge transfer in Z-scheme CdS/Cd-BiOCl films photocatalyst could synchronously generate conduct band (CB) electrons in BiOCl and valence band (VB) holes in CdS, and metal Cd served as electron mediator. This work can be a reference for the design of film photocatalysts and new insight for photodegradating towards contaminants.     

大规模合成非贵金属磷化物/CdS复合光催化剂高效可见光催化产氢（英文）

目前,在可见光照射下光催化产氢是一条解决能源短缺的理想途径.该途径实现工业化的两个关键因素是得到低成本的光催化剂和高的产氢效率.非贵金属助催化剂代替贵金属可大大降低光催化剂的成本.通过简单的方法大规模合成并组装半导体和非贵金属助催化剂以形成复合光催化剂可进一步降低成本.本文采用大规模和低成本的共沉淀法合成了磷化物/CdS光催化剂,实现了光催化产氢.当负载CoP和Mo P助催化剂后,光催化产氢活性得到大幅度提高.其中CoP/CdS和Mo P/CdS的最佳产氢量分别为140和78μmol/h,并分别为CdS的7.0倍和4.0倍,分别为Pt/CdS的2.0倍和1.1倍.这说明磷化物CoP和Mo P是具有优良催化活性的低成本非贵金属助催化剂,可以代替贵金属助催化剂应用在光催化产H_2中.在制备磷化物/CdS时,先将两种磷化物反应原料分别在水热反应釜和马弗炉中煅烧合成前驱体,再分别在管式炉氮气和氢气氛围中进行磷化得到磷化物Mo P和CoP.然后,将得到的Mo P和CoP分别溶解在Cd(NO_3)_2·4H_2O溶液中,在搅拌状态下逐滴加入Na_2S溶液形成沉淀,即可得到复合物磷化物/CdS.CoP/CdS和Mo P/CdS的HRTEM观察显示,磷化物助催化剂与CdS半导体紧密结合,证明了共沉淀法制备助催化剂/半导体复合光催化剂的有效性.磷化物与CdS的紧密结合促进了光激发电子从CdS向磷化物转移,从而大大提高了光催化产氢活性.这项工作为低成本大规模制备光催化剂和光催化产H_2实现工业化提供了一条可行性思路.     

复合半导体光催化剂p-CoO/n-CdS的制备、表征及光催化性能

以醋酸镉、十二硫醇、硬脂酸和醋酸钴等为原料,采用新方法制备了CdS和一系列p-CoO/n-CdS复合半导体光催化剂.用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、N2吸附-脱附和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等对产物进行了表征.结果表明,p-CoO/n-CdS复合半导体中,CoO粒子紧密结合在CdS颗粒上,CdS的颗粒粒径在100 nm左右,为六方纤锌矿晶型,CoO的颗粒粒径在10 nm左右,颗粒粒径分布均匀.p-CoO/n-CdS的UV-Vis DRS分析结果表明,在400-550 nm范围内都有一强吸收带,属于CdS在可见光区的特征吸收.用光催化降解甲基橙测试了光催化性能,结果表明,p-CoO/n-CdS光催化活性是CdS光催化活性的2.2倍左右.光腐蚀测试结果表明,CdS的光腐蚀速率是p-CoO/n-CdS中CdS光腐蚀速率的2倍以上,说明CoO与CdS复合对CdS的光腐蚀具有明显的抑制作用.     

One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of willow branch-shaped MoS2/CdS heterojunctions for photocatalytic H2 production under visible light irradiation

Willow branch-shaped MoS₂/CdS heterojunctions are successfully synthesized for the first time by a facile one-pot hydrothermal method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemical and photoluminescence spectroscopy tests. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activities of the samples were evaluated under visible light irradiation. The resulting MoS₂/CdS heterojunctions exhibit a much improved photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity than that obtained with CdS and MoS₂. In particular, the optimized MC-5 (5 at.% MoS₂/CdS) photocatalyst achieved the highest hydrogen production rate of 250.8 μmol h^-1, which is 28 times higher than that of pristine CdS. The apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) at 420 nm was 3.66%. Further detailed characterizations revealed that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of the MoS₂/CdS heterojunctions could be attributed to the efficient transfer and separation of photogenerated charge carriers resulting from the core-shell structure and the close contact between MoS₂ nanosheets and CdS single-crystal nanorods, as well as to increased visible light absorption. A tentative mechanism for photocatalytic H₂ evolution by MoS₂/CdS heterojunctions was proposed. This work will open up new opportunities for developing more efficient photocatalysts for water splitting.     

非贵金属三元复合Ni(PO3)2-Ni2P/CdS NPs异质结的构建及可见光高效催化产氢性能

结合异质结构建与共催化剂改性, 以花球状Ni(OH)₂为前驱体, 经热磷酸化后得到Ni(PO₃)₂-Ni₂P二元助催化剂, 借助超声化学合成法, 与CdS NPs复合, 形成非贵金属CdS基三元光催化材料Ni(PO₃)₂-Ni₂P/CdS NPs. 以Na₂S-Na₂SO₃为牺牲剂, 在可见光(λ＞420 nm)照射下, 在不借助任何贵金属的情况下, 负载量为8%(质量分数)的Ni(PO₃)₂-Ni₂P/CdS NPs复合材料的光催化产氢速率达到4237 μmol·g^?1·h^?1, 为CdS NPs(217 μmol·g^?1·h^?1)的19倍. 在产氢循环实验中, 反应进行到第6次循环(18 h)后, 复合材料的产氢速率约为初始的89%, 具有较好的稳定性. 与CdS NPs相比, Ni(PO₃)₂-Ni₂P/CdS NPs的吸收边明显红移, 禁带宽度降至1.86 eV, 并降低了H⁺还原的过电位, 显示出增强的光吸收性能和适宜的带隙结构. 通过Ni(PO₃)₂-Ni₂P与CdS NPs之间的协同效应, 有效促进了光生载流子的分离, 提高了产氢活性和稳定性.     

Ag/TiO2光催化氧化还原反应脱除水体中无机氮

采用光催化还原法制备了高活性的载银二氧化钛光催化剂,并用XRF、TEM、XRD及XPS、UV-Vis方法对催化剂进行了表征.考察了负载Ag的含量、催化剂制备时间、搅拌气体的种类以及Fe²⁺的添加等条件对该催化剂光催化水体脱氮活性的影响.结果表明:载银量1.0%时去除效果最佳;制备催化剂时光照时间不充分会使催化剂失去还原效力;氮气保护下催化剂反应活性更高;Fe²⁺的加入利于光催化反应;2 h光催化含氨氮和亚硝基氮的水样,总脱氮率达到了63.9%.     

Photocatalytic reduction of nitro aromatic compounds to amines using a nanosized highly active CdS photocatalyst under sunlight and blue LED irradiation

A variety of aromatic nitro compounds were chemoselectively reduced to the corresponding anilines using conveniently prepared nanosized CdS as a photocatalyst under the sunlight and blue LED irradiation. The results demonstrated that synthesized CdS nanostructures have the potential to provide a promising visible light driven photocatalyst for chemoselective reduction of nitro aromatics in the presence of nitrile and carbonyl groups to the corresponding amines under both sunlight and blue LED irradiation. Photoreduction of nitro aromatics by the prepared nanosized CdS with high surface area was faster than when using the commercially available CdS under both sunlight and LED irradiation. Nanosized CdS photocatalyst was prepared by a simple method without any capping agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDAX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N₂ absorption—desorption, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and flat band potential methods were employed for the characterization, which revealed that the prepared CdS nanoparticles have a well-resolved cubic structure with the size of around 10–30 nm and a band gap of 2.37 eV.     

超薄骨架有序介孔CdS/NiS的制备及光催化产氢性能

采用有序介孔氧化硅为硬模板, 通过纳米浇筑法制备了由螺旋骨架构建的有序介孔硫化镉(CdS)光 催化材料. 该光催化材料具有约5 nm厚的超薄骨架和大的比表面积(238 m²/g), 能有效缩短光催化反应中 光生电荷迁移到表面进行反应的距离并同时提供更多的反应活性位点, 从而增强光催化性能. 通过原位化学沉积法将不同量的助催化剂硫化镍(NiS)沉积到有序介孔CdS表面, 得到了一系列超薄骨架有序介孔CdS/NiS复合光催化材料. 可见光照射下的光催化产氢活性测试结果表明, 负载适量NiS的有序介孔CdS具有显著增强的光催化产氢活性(3.84 mmol?h^-1?g^-1), 约为负载相同量NiS的普通商业化CdS材料(0.22 mmol?h^-1?g^-1)的17.5倍.     

羧酸根功能化的PVP-CdS同质结及其高效的光催化析氢性能

光催化制氢是一种十分绿色、环保可持续的产氢方式。为了构建高效的光催化体系,对光催化剂进行表面修饰可以提高反应分子的吸附/活化的能力和电荷转移的效率。在本文中,我们通过γ-射线辐射还原法一步合成了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮包裹的硫化镉(P-CdS)同质结纳米粒子,之后通过室温下的碱化后处理,将P-CdS表面的PVP水解成为具有羧酸根和铵根的MPVP,而CdS的WZ-ZB同质结的晶体结构并未受到影响。一方面,由于MPVP在碱性溶液中的溶解度的提高,一部分MPVP溶解于溶液中,最终从MP-CdS表面去除,从而暴露出更多WZ-ZB同质结的活性位点。另一方面,水解后的MPVP保留在CdS表面,其羧酸根离子与CdS的配位作用,会影响到催化剂的价带结构,进而促进光催化析氢过程。在二者的协同作用下,当碱化NaOH浓度为1 mol·L^-1时,MP-CdS-3碱化样品的光催化析氢速率达到477 μmol·g^-1·h^-1,是未碱化样品的2倍。这种碱化后处理的策略简单且廉价,可以引申到合成一些PVP包裹的各类光催化剂的表面修饰当中,有利于促进硫化镉材料的光催化应用。     

双功能复合材料g-C3N4/CdS/Ni催化光解水产氢和5-羟甲基糠醛氧化性能

采用高温煅烧法、 原位生长法和光还原法分三步制备出双功能复合光催化剂g-C₃N₄/CdS/Ni. 材料中CdS的引入可以增强光生电子和空穴的分离效率, Ni可以进一步提高光致产氢速率. 在以三乙醇胺(TEOA)为电子给体的水溶液中对所制备的材料进行了催化产氢性能测试, 并对材料中CdS的含量进行了优化. 结果表明, 25% (质量分数)CdS负载量的复合材料催化产氢性能最佳, 其催化产氢速率为4134.5 μmol·g^-1·h^-1, 是 g-C₃N₄/Ni催化产氢速率的115倍. 且Ni是一种良好的质子催化剂. 在此基础上, 以5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF)替代TEOA作为体系的电子给体, 其可以被选择性地催化氧化为增值化学品2, 5-二甲酰基呋喃(DFF). 当体系中HMF的转化率为82.3%, DFF的选择性为69.4%时, DFF的产率(57.2%)达到最高, 体系中H₂的产量为 51.8 μmol/g. g-C₃N₄/CdS/Ni复合材料可以在同一体系中进行催化光致产氢和HMF的选择性氧化.     

高效Ag@AgBr等离子体光催化剂的制备及可见光活性研究

采用水热法和光致还原法制备了具有等离子体共振效应的Ag@AgBr可见光催化剂,利用XRD,SEM,EDX,DRS和XPS等手段对产物的结构和性能进行表征,并研究了催化剂在可见光下对罗丹明B(RhB)的光催化降解性能,考察了催化剂的循环使用及捕获剂对Ag@AgBr光催化性能的影响.结果表明:贵金属Ag纳米粒子的表面等离子体共振效应可显著增强Ag@AgBr对可见光的吸收;催化剂对罗丹明B具有较高的可见光降解活性和稳定性,在可见光下照射90 min,对罗丹明B的降解率达95%以上,光催化剂循环使用5次仍具有良好的光催化降解活性;淬灭实验表明在Ag@AgBr降解罗丹明B过程中,吸附在催化剂表面的h+、·OH、O2·-是主要的活性物种.     

Construction of inorganic nanoparticles by micro-nano-porous structure of cellulose matrix

In our previous work, the CdS nanoparticles/cellulose films exhibited significantly high photocatalytic H₂ production efficiency under visible light irradiation than the ordinary CdS photocatalyst. In present paper, the CdS nanoparticles were synthesized in situ in pores of the regenerated cellulose substrate and the porous structure of cellulose, formation of the CdS nanoparticles and interactions between CdS and cellulose matrix in the composite films were investigated deeply. The experimental results indicated that the micro-nano-porous structure of the cellulose matrix could be used easily to create inorganic nanoparticles, which supplied not only cavities for the formation of nanoparticles, but also a shell (semi-stiff cellulose molecules support the pore wall) to protect their nano-structure. When the cellulose films with porous structure at wet state were immersed into inorganic ions solution, the ions interacted immediately with the –OH groups of cellulose, and then transformed into inorganic composite via another treatment, finally inorganic nanoparticles formed during the dry. The pore size of the cellulose matrix decreased from 180 nm (at wet state) to about 18 nm (at dry state), leading to the formation of nanoparticles. The results revealed that the CdS nanoparticles with a mean particle diameter about 6 nm were dispersed well, and were immobilized tightly in the cellulose matrix, resulting in a portable photocatalyst with high efficiency for photocatalytic for H₂ evolution. This is simple and “green” pathway to prepare the organic–inorganic hybrid materials.     

2D-2D CdS/Cu7S4层状异质结高效可见光光催化产氢（英文）

利用太阳能将水转化为清洁可持续的化学燃料是一种很有前途的策略.光催化水分解制氢技术是有效解决能源可持续发展和环境保护问题的重要技术.CdS由于具有较窄的带隙(2.4 eV)和合适的能带位置而被认为是最有潜力的光催化水产氢催化剂之一.然而,CdS强光的腐蚀性和快速的电子空穴复合导致光催化剂活性低、稳定性差,严重阻碍了CdS光催化剂的广泛应用.为了有效提高光催化产氢活性及稳定性,人们对CdS光催化剂进行了大量改性研究.其中,合理巧妙地加载助催化剂和构造纳米结构CdS被认为是两种极为重要的改性策略,两种策略的有效耦合可以更有效地利用太阳能,实现清洁氢燃料的生成.一方面,各种形貌的CdS光催化剂均已被开发,例如纳米线、纳米棒、纳米片和量子点等.然而,由于制备工艺复杂,在以往的报道中很少有超薄2D CdS纳米片用于光催化产氢.另一方面,由于贵金属(Ag,Pt,Au)的稀缺性和高成本阻碍了其修饰光催化剂的实际应用,所以利用非贵金属助催化剂(MoSx,CuS,Ni3C,WS2,NiS,MXene,CoxP和MoP)修饰CdS提高光催化产氢活性近年来备受关注.对于地球丰富的2D层状助催化剂Cu7S4而言,具有优异的光电催化产氢活性和简单制备方法,但是在光催化产氢领域的应用上未引起足够重视.因此,本文充分利用超薄CdS纳米片以及Cu7S4纳米片各自的独特优势,构建了独特的2D-2D层状异质结,实现了高效协同光催化产氢.我们首先以乙酸镉和硫脲为原料通过一步水热法合成了超薄2D CdS纳米片,并用静电自组装方法制备了CdS/Cu7S4.在可见光下进行了产氢测试,实验结果证实了优化的2D CdS/2%Cu7S4层状异质结在含有Na2S·9H2O和Na2SO3的水溶液中光催化析氢活性最高(27.8 mmol g^-1 h^-1),是原始CdS纳米片(2.6 mmol g^-1 h^-1)的10.69倍.经过4次连续循环反应,CdS/Cu7S4二元复合体系展现出良好的稳定性.为深入探讨高效产氢机制,对纳米级CdS复合材料的光催化物化性能及载流子分离机制进行了表征.通过X射线衍射确定了CdS和CdS/Cu7S4的晶体结构.用高分辨电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱证实合成了CdS催化剂和Cu7S4助催化剂的超薄纳米片结构且成功复合.用紫外-可见漫反射光谱法对制备的纯CdS和CdS/Cu7S4复合样品的光吸收特性进行了表征.结果表明,在CdS上负载Cu7S4以后,可以明显观察到样品对可见光的吸收能力明显增强.对CdS/Cu7S4进行XPS测试分析,进一步证明了样品中S、Cd和Cu的化学成分和状态.利用PL发射光谱研究了CdS/Cu7S4光催化剂的电荷载流子复合和转移行为.进一步对纯CdS和CdS/Cu7S4复合光催化剂的瞬态光电流响应(I-t曲线)进行了研究,确定了光生载体的分离效率.阻抗是深入研究电荷载流子迁移和界面转移的最有力技术,利用阻抗技术证实CdS/Cu7S4界面高效的载流子分离性能.极化曲线结果表明,加入Cu7S4可以降低CdS的产氢过电势,因此加速表面产氢动力学.由此可见,本文所构建的2D-2D CdS/Cu7S4二元层状异质结可以同时实现光生电子空穴对的快速分离、电子的转移和增加光生电子在表面利用效率,从而最大幅度地提高其光催化水分解产氢活性.本文所采用基于CdS纳米片的2D-2D界面耦合策略可以作为一种通用策略扩展到各种传统半导体纳米片的改性,从而极大地推进高效光催化产氢材料的持续进步.     

氧化铜/氧化锌/3A分子筛光催化剂的制备及其可见光脱氮性能

采用浸渍法合成了氧化铜/氧化锌/3A分子筛(CuO/ZnO/3A)复合催化剂,并利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术手段对催化剂的结构及性能进行了系统的表征;以吡啶-正辛烷体系为模拟油品氮源,系统研究了该催化剂在可见光作用下的光催化脱氮行为,并系统考察了催化剂的制备条件、用量及催化时间对其脱氮性能的影响。 结果表明,随着锌源与铜源加入量的增加,CuO/ZnO/3A复合物的光催化活性,呈现先增大后降低的规律。 在400 ℃煅烧5 h的情况下,当锌源的加入质量分数为9.8%,铜源的加入质量分数为28.6%时,在可见光照射条件下,反应150 min后,CuO/ZnO/3A复合催化剂对50 mL吡啶质量分数为100 μg/g的模拟油品中吡啶的脱氮率达到74.78%。     

原位合成具有高可见光催化活性的C3N4/CdS纳米复合材料

以硫氰酸铵和氯化镉为原料,采用无模板混合高温煅烧法一步合成氮化碳/硫化镉纳米晶(C3N4/CdS)的复合半导体材料。采用X射线衍射、傅立叶变换红外光谱和透射电镜等技术对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以有机污染物罗丹明B (RhB)为模拟污染物对复合催化剂的可见光催化活性进行测试。结果表明, C3N4/CdS复合材料中CdS以六方相纳米晶的形式均匀分散; CdS的复合基本不改变C3N4主体结构及聚合度;与纯C3N4相比,复合材料在可见区的光吸收能力有所增强。合适的能带匹配有利于光生载流子的迁移,抑制了其复合速率。在可见光照射下,复合半导体能够更加快速的降解有机污染物,且保持很好的稳定性。