Yang—Yang thermodynamics of one-dimensional Bose gases with anisotropic transversal confinement

By combining the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz and local density approximation, we investigate the Yang—Yang thermodynamics of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases with anisotropic transversal confinement. It is shown that with the increase of anisotropic parameter at low temperature, the Bose atoms are distributed over a wider region, while at high temperature the density distribution is not affected obviously. Both the temperature and transversal confinement can strengthen the local pressure of the Bose gases.     

理想玻色气体的焦汤系数

应用玻色系统的基本方程，玻色积分的特性以及热力学理论，导得理想玻色气体焦汤系数的解析表达式，详细讨论了低温下玻色气体的定压热容和焦汤系数，阐明了系统的量子本性对焦汤系数的贡献，表明理想玻色气体适用于低温制冷系统。     

相互作用对玻色气体热力学性质及稳定性的影响

根据由赝势法得到的非理想玻色气体的自由能和状态方程，研究了相互作用对凝聚温度的影响.从热力学角度揭示了存在引力作用时定压热容量、等温压缩系数、定压膨胀系数的反常热力学特性.研究了引力作用下玻色气体系统的不稳定性，给出了不稳定性的温度判据和粒子数密度判据. 关键词： 相互作用 玻色气体 热力学性质 不稳定性判据     

Considerations relevant to Bose condensation of excitonic molecules in CdSe

The transition temperature for an anisotropic Bose gas, and the lattice temperature rise following pulsed photo-excitation, are computed. Comparison with experimentally realizable conditions shows that Bose condensation of excitonic molecules in CdSe cannot be attained following pulsed photoexcitation.     

Bose-Einstein Condensation in Linear Sigma Model at Hartree Approximation

The BEG of charged pions is investigated in the framework of O（4） linear sigma model. By using Cornwall- Jackiw-Tomboufis formalism, we have derived the gap equations for the effective masses of the mesons at finite temperature and finite isospin density. The critical temperature and phase diagram of BEG are discussed in the non-chiral limit at Hartree approximation.     

The size of Bose-Einstein effects in the statistical bootstrap model

We have determined the shift in Hagedorn temperature due to Bose statistics and calculated explicitly the cluster expansions of fireball level densities. This enabled us to investigate Bose effects in one-particle spectra and integrated correlations. Apart from the low secondary energy region of the one-particle distributions, the nonasymptotic behaviour of these quantities is little affected.     

Spin-drag Hall effect in a rotating Bose mixture

We show that in a rotating two-component Bose mixture, the spin drag between the two different spin species shows a Hall effect. This spin-drag Hall effect can be observed experimentally by studying the out-of-phase dipole mode of the mixture. We determine the damping of this mode due to spin drag as a function of temperature. We find that due to Bose stimulation there is a strong enhancement of the damping for temperatures close to the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation.     

量子斯特林制冷机的回热特性

基于理想玻色气体的状态方程 ,分析以理想玻色气体为工质的量子斯特林制冷机具有非理想回热特性 ,导出循环的制冷系数和制冷量的表达式 ,并对结论进行一些有意义的讨论 ,所得结果将对低温气体制冷机的研究提供一些理论依据     

以理想玻色气体为工质的量子Ericsson制冷循环

文中基于理想玻色气体的状态方程 ,分析了以理想玻色气体为工质的量子 Ericsson制冷循环中的回热特征 ,推导出其制冷循环的制冷系数表达式。并在高温和低温条件下对制冷系数进行了讨论。这将对低温气体制冷机的研究提供理论依据。     

Upper limit on the transition temperature for non-ideal Bose gases

In this paper, we show that for a non-ideal Bose gas there exists an upper limit on the transition temperature above which Bose-Einstein condensation cannot occur regardless of the pressure applied. Such upper limits for some realistic Bose gases are estimated.     

Thermodynamic properties of a finite Bose gas in a harmonic trap

We have investigated the thermodynamic behaviour of ideal Bose gases with an arbitrary number of particles confined in a harmonic potential. By taking into account the conservation of total number $N$ of particles and using a saddle-point approximation, we derive analytically the simple explicit expression of mean occupation number in any state of the finite system. The temperature dependence of the chemical potential, specific heat, and condensate fraction for the trapped finite-size Bose system is obtained numerically. We compare our results with the usual treatment which is based on the grand canonical ensemble. It is shown that there exists a considerable difference between them at sufficiently low temperatures, specially for the relative small numbers of Bose atoms. The finite-size scaling at the transition temperature for the harmonically trapped systems is also discussed. We find that the scaled condensate fractions for various system sizes and temperatures collapse onto a single scaled form.     

旋转受限相互作用玻色系统的相变温度及基态粒子占据率

利用局域密度近似(LDA)导出了简谐势阱中存在弱相互作用的旋转玻色气体发生玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚时的粒子数、相变温度和基态粒子占据率的解析表达式,探讨了粒子间相互作用对相变温度和基态粒子占据率的影响.计算表明,当粒子间的相互作用消失时,所有解析结果均能够与无相互作用的旋转理想玻色气体获得很好的一致.     

Lasing without inversion due to cooling subsystem

The new possibility of inversionless lasing is discussed. We have considered the resonant interaction of a two-level system (TLS) with photons and the adiabatic interaction with an ensemble of Bose particles. It is found out that a TLS with equally populated energy levels amplifies the coherent light with Stokes-shifted frequency. This becomes possible as photon emission is accompanied by Bose particles excitation. The energy flow from the TLS to the photon subsystem is realized due to the Bose subsystem being at finite temperature and playing the cooler role. The advantage of this new lasing principle is discussed. It is shown that lasing conditions strongly differ from conventional ones. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Bose-Einstein condensation and Casimir effect of trapped ideal Bose gas in between two slabs

We study the Bose-Einstein condensation for a 3-d system of ideal Bose gas which is harmonically trapped along two perpendicular directions and is confined in between two slabs along the other perpendicular direction. We calculate the Casimir force between the two slabs for this system of trapped Bose gas. At finite temperatures this force for thermalized photons in between two plates has a classical expression which is independent of ħ. At finite temperatures the Casimir force for our system depends on ħ. For the calculation of Casimir force we consider only the Dirichlet boundary condition. We show that below condensation temperature (T_c) the Casimir force for this non-interacting system decreases with temperature (T) and at , it is independent of temperature. We also discuss the Casimir effect on 3-d highly anisotropic harmonically trapped ideal Bose gas.     

Thermal activation of vortex-antivortex pairs in quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates

Here we show, by performing ab initio classical field simulations that two distinct superfluid phases, separated by thermal vortex-antivortex pair creation, exist in experimentally producible quasi-2D Bose gas. These results resolve the debate on the nature of the low temperature phase(s) of a trapped interacting 2D Bose gas.     

Oscillating Casimir force between two slabs in a Fermi sea

The Casimir effect for two parallel slabs immersed in an ideal Fermi sea is investigated at both zero and nonzero temperatures. It is found that the Casimir effect in a Fermi gas is distinctly different from that in an electromagnetic field or a massive Bose gas. In contrast to the familiar result that the Casimir force decreases monotonically with the increase of the separation L between two slabs in an electromagnetic field and a massive Bose gas, the Casimir force in a Fermi gas oscillates as a function of L. The Casimir force can be either attractive or repulsive, depending sensitively on the magnitude of L. In addition, it is found that the amplitude of the Casimir force in a Fermi gas decreases with the increase of the temperature, which also is contrary to the case in a Bose gas, since the bosonic Casimir force increases linearly with the increase of the temperature in the region T < T_c, where T_c is the critical temperature of the Bose-Einstein condensation.     

Signature of Critical Point in Momentum Profile of Trapped Ultracold Bose Gases

We present a new method to identify the critical point for the Bose-Einstein condensation(BEC) of a trapped Bose gas.We calculate the momentum distribution of an interacting Bose gas near the critical temperature,and find that it deviates significantly from the Gaussian profile as the temperature approaches the critical point.More importantly,the standard deviation between the calculated momentum spectrum and the Gaussian profile at the same temperature shows a turning point at the critical point,which can be used to determine the critical temperature.These predictions are aiso confirmed by our BEC experiment for magnetically trapped ~(87)Rb gases.     

On the critical temperature in a Boson-Fermion mixture with attraction between the components

The dependence of the critical temperature shift in the Bose component of a degenerate Bose-Fermi gas mixture in a harmonic trap on the number of bosons and fermions has been obtained on the basis of the effective Hamiltonian of the Bose subsystem. The presence of the Fermi component leads to a qualitatively new behavior of the shift, as compared to the case of a single interacting Bose gas in the trap. Namely, the T _c(N) dependence has a different curvature in the presence of the Fermi component.     

Bose Condensates in Interaction with Excitations: A Kinetic Model

This paper deals with mathematical questions for Bose gases below the temperature T _BEC where Bose-Einstein condensation sets in. The model considered is of two-component type, consisting of a kinetic equation for the distribution function of a gas of (quasi-)particles interacting with a Bose condensate, which is described by a Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Existence results and moment estimates are proved in the space-homogeneous, isotropic case.     

Impurity-induced phase transition in the interacting Bose gas: 1. Analytical results

We derive selfconsistency equations for the density relaxation and the longitudinal dynamical conductivity of the interacting Bose gas at temperature zero moving in a random potential. The equations describe a disorder-induced transition from a superfluid phase to an insulating phase, where the density is non-ergodic. The interaction of the bosons is treated in random phase approximation and the coupling to the impurities is calculated within generalized selfconsistent current relaxation theory. Scaling laws are discussed and explicit results are presented for the repulsive Bosgas with neutral impurities and for the charged Bose gas with charged impurities.