Die Pendelvervielfachung von Sekundärelektronen im Dezimeterwellengebiet

The conditions as deduced from theory for the existence of secondary electron resonance mechanism (dynamic multiplication of secondary electrons) are tested in the decimeter wave range. A re-entrant cavity resonator is used for this the field length of which can be varied at its field maximum. For the voltage amplitude at the start of multiplication the quadratic dependence on the length of field — as postulated by theory — is completely confirmed. For the voltage amplitude at the instant of break-off the experiments, however, yield for small lengths of field higher values than calculated.     

Kontrastreiche und von Aufladungsstörungen freie Abbildung hochisolierender Oberflächen mittels Sekundärelektronen

The apparent secondary electron yield from metal surfaces (Au, W, Al, Zn, Ag, Ni and Cu) with a polymeride layer of varying thickness was measured. It was found that even with a layer thickness of as much as 40 Å and a primary energy of 25 kev there were clearly noticeable differences in emission from the various substances. This effect can be used for the electron emission microscopy of specimens consisting of insulating materials. In some cases, satisfactory images of such specimens could not be obtained in a reproducible way if other methods, e.g. Cevales' partial evaporation method were applied. If a carbon layer 30 Å in thickness was evaporated onto the insulating specimen surface byBradley's procedure, well contrasted images free from disturbances by surface charges could be obtained from specimens such as glass, thermally etched A1₂O₃ and other minerals. In these images, a resolution limit of 800 Å was attained.     

Zur Energieverteilung der von Protonen in Gasen ausgelösten Sekundärelektronen

Zeitschrift für Physik A Hadrons and nuclei - Es wurden die Spektren der Sekundärelektronen aufgenommen, die durch Protonen von 49, 11,8 und 8,8 keV unter einem Winkel von 54,5° in...     

Über die an Metallen durch Elektronen ausgelöste sichtbare und ultraviolette Strahlung

A surface of a metal hit by electrons emits a radiation. Its spectrum covers the range of visible light and the ultra violett. This radiation was first observed byLilienfeld. We found that this radiation is not attributed to surface contaminations since it is also emitted from extremly clean metal surfaces. Spectrum, polarization, intensity, and temperature dependence of the radiation emitted by several metals were investigated. These measurements indicate that the Lilienfeld radiation can be interpreted as the transition radiation predicted byGinsburg andFrank. The possibilities of excitation of bremsstrahlung and plasma radiation are discussed.